List of stumbling blocks in Berlin-Nikolassee

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The list of stumbling blocks in Berlin-Nikolassee contains the stumbling blocks in the Berlin district of Nikolassee in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf district , which remind of the fate of the people who were murdered, deported, expelled or driven to suicide under National Socialism. The table records a total of 43 stumbling blocks and is partially sortable; the basic sorting is done alphabetically according to the family name.

Surname	Location	Laying date	Life
Felice Adam	Potsdamer Chaussee 69	May 12, 2011	Felice Hirschberg was born on June 18, 1873 in Berlin as the daughter of Josef Hirschberg and his wife Rosalie, née Pinner. She had four sisters: Martha, Recha, Trude and Hertha and four brothers: Felix, Alex, Leo and Siegfried. She married the pharmacy owner Isidor Adam in Berlin in 1896. He was the tenant of the Royal University Pharmacy and Central Homeopathic Pharmacy in Wroclaw. The daughter Hertha was born there in 1897 and the son Martin in 1903. Around 1909 the family moved to Berlin and lived in Alt Moabit and on Crefelder Straße. Isidor Adam died in 1931, Felice lived at Tile-Wardenberg-Strasse 29 in 1937 and 1938, and in May 1939 she was already living in the Waldhaus sanatorium, a sanatorium for the mentally ill in Nikolassee, Potsdamer Strasse 69. At the beginning of World War II, the house was confiscated and the patients housed elsewhere. Her relatives received notification that Felice Adam had died on November 9, 1940 in Cholm / Lublin. The Federal Archives state that this was a case of euthanasia, the information on the place / date of death was fictitious and was used to cover up. Hertha had married Siegfried Cohn, who was born on June 12, 1890, and lived with him and her brother Martin in 1939 in Berlin-Mitte, Horst Wessel Strasse 22. Martin Adam was deported to Auschwitz on March 2, 1943 and there on May 7 Murdered in 1943. Hertha and Siegfried Cohn emigrated to the USA in 1941.	location
Eduard Alexander	Cimbernstrasse 13	March 9, 2009	* March 14, 1881 in Essen ; † March 1, 1945
Gertrud Behrendt	Cimbernstrasse 3	April 1, 2017	Gertrud Fränkel was born on April 20, 1897 in Dortmund to a Jewish family. She married the businessman Walter Behrendt and lived with him in Berlin. The children were born: Heinrich on June 25, 1923 and the twins Johanna Eleonore and Peter on December 4, 1924. Her husband and a partner ran the company Behrendt & Bernstein, which sold women's clothing on Kronenstrasse. In 1935 the family lived in Nikolassee, Cimbernstrasse 3. Because of the repression, her husband gave up his company in 1936 and emigrated with his family to Holland. There they lived in Naarden until they had to move to Amsterdam in 1942. Gertrud Behrendt was interned with her husband Walter in the Westerbork assembly camp, deported to Theresienstadt on April 21, 1943 and further to Auschwitz in 1943, where they were murdered on March 9, 1944.
Heinrich Behrendt	Cimbernstrasse 3	April 1, 2017	Heinrich Behrendt was born on June 25, 1923 in Berlin as the son of the businessman Walter Behrendt and his wife Gertrud née Fränkel. He had two younger siblings: the twins Johanna Eleonore and Peter. His father ran the company Behrendt und Bernstein, which sold women's clothing. In 1935 the family lived in Nikolassee, Cimbernstraße 3. In 1936 his father closed the company because of increasing repression and the whole family emigrated to Holland. There she lived in Naarden. In 1942 the family had to move to Amsterdam, Heinrich's parents were arrested, interned in the Westerbork assembly camp and sent to Auschwitz via Theresienstadt. Heinrich and his siblings stayed behind until they, too, were initially deported to Theresienstadt together. Heinrich and his brother were then taken to the Auschwitz concentration camp and then continued alone to the Dachau concentration camp. There he was murdered on March 2, 1945. His brother Peter died as a result of imprisonment in Holland after the liberation, his sister survived.
Johanna E. Behrendt	Cimbernstrasse 3	April 1, 2017	Johanna Eleonore Behrendt was born on December 4, 1924 in Berlin as the daughter of the businessman Walter Behrendt and his wife Gertrud, née Fränkel. She had a twin brother Peter and an older brother Heinrich. Her father owned the company Behrendt und Bernstein, which sold women's clothing. In 1935 the family lived in Nikolassee, Cimbernstrasse 3. In 1936, her father closed the company because of increasing repression and the whole family emigrated to Holland. There she lived in Naarden. In 1942 the family had to move to Amsterdam, the parents were arrested, interned in the Westerbork assembly camp and sent to the Auschwitz concentration camp via Theresienstadt. Johanna and her siblings stayed behind until they, too, were initially deported together to Theresienstadt via Westerbork, their brothers were taken to the Auschwitz concentration camp, and Johanna was later liberated in a German concentration camp. She looked after her brother Peter, who however died. Johanna came to the USA via England, where she studied German, became a university lecturer and died in 2004.
Peter Behrendt	Cimbernstrasse 3	April 1, 2017	Peter Behrendt was born on December 4, 1924 in Berlin as the son of the businessman Walter Behrendt and his wife Gertrud, née Fränkel. He had a twin sister Johanna and an older brother Heinrich. His father ran the company Behrendt und Bernstein, which sold women's clothing. In 1935 the family lived in Nikolassee, Cimbernstraße 3. In 1936 his father closed the company because of increasing repression and the whole family emigrated to Holland. There she lived in Naarden. In 1942 the family had to move to Amsterdam, the parents were arrested, interned in the Westerbork assembly camp and sent to the Auschwitz concentration camp via Theresienstadt. Peter and his siblings stayed behind until they, too, were initially deported to Theresienstadt together; Peter was then taken to Auschwitz with his brother Heinrich. After the liberation of Auschwitz, he returned to Holland, but died there as a result of his imprisonment in November 1945.
Walter Behrendt	Cimbernstrasse 3	April 1, 2017	Walter Behrendt was born on January 19, 1885 in Berlin as the son of the businessman Adolf Behrendt and his wife Cäcilie nee Meyer. He became a businessman and married Gertrud Fränkel. The children were born: Heinrich on June 25, 1923 and the twins Johanna Eleonore and Peter on December 4, 1924. Walter Behrendt and a partner ran the company Behrendt & Bernstein, which sold women's clothing on Kronenstrasse. In 1935 the family lived in Nikolassee, Cimbernstrasse 3. Because of the repression, Walter Behrendt gave up his company in 1936 and emigrated with his family to Holland. There they lived in Naarden until they had to move to Amsterdam in 1942. Walter Behrendt was interned with his wife Gertrud in the Westerbork assembly camp, deported to Theresienstadt on April 21, 1943 and further to Auschwitz in 1943, where both were murdered on March 9, 1944.
Esther Brandenburg	Rolandstrasse 4	4th Sep 2010	Esther Fromm was born on September 5, 1893 in Konin / Posen as the daughter of Baruch Bernhard Fromm and his wife Sara Rifka, née Riegel. She had six brothers: Salomon, Israel Julius, Mosziek, Siegmund, Alexander and Bernhard and one sister: Helene. Her parents moved with the family to Berlin in 1893 and lived in the Scheunenviertel. Because their parents died early, the eldest brother Israel Julius Fromm looked after his younger siblings. Esther became an office clerk and married the businessman Willy Brandenburg on December 5, 1914. The son Bruno was born in 1918, but died in 1928. Esther and Willy Brandenburg lived in Charlottenburg Wielandstrasse 18 and from 1936 on at Düsseldorfer Strasse 52. After 1939 they moved with their sister-in-law Liesbeth Brandenburg to their sister-in-law Elvira Ella Fromm née Silbergleit in Rolandstrasse 4. This house belonged to Julius Fromm, her wealthy brother who escaped to England. On March 6, 1943, Esther and Willy Brandenburg were deported to Auschwitz with their sister-in-law Elvira Fromm and murdered there on March 7, 1943. The sister-in-law Liesbeth Brandenburg had already been deported to Theresienstadt on June 15, 1942.
Liesbeth Brandenburg	Rolandstrasse 4	4th Sep 2010	Liesbeth Brandenburg was born on January 3, 1885 in Kolberg / Pomerania as the daughter of Heinrich Brandenburg and his wife Auguste née Fiegel. She had a brother Willy, who was born in 1890. Willy and Liesbeth moved to Berlin, where Willy married Esther Fromm in 1914. Liesbeth Brandenburg remained single and lived at Seesenerstraße 30 in 1939, presumably as a subtenant. After 1939 she moved with her brother and his wife into the house at Rolandstrasse 4, which belonged to Julius Fromm, the brother of her sister-in-law Esther. Liesbeth Brandenburg was deported to Theresienstadt on June 15, 1942 with the 22nd Alterstransport, together with her mother Auguste Brandenburg, who had lived in an old people's home on Lützowstrasse. Her mother died on October 19, 1942, Liesbeth Brandenburg on March 7, 1943.
Willy Brandenburg	Rolandstrasse 4	4th Sep 2010	Willy Brandenburg was born on June 25, 1890 in Kolberg / Pomerania as the son of Heinrich Brandenburg and his wife Auguste, née Fiegel. He became a businessman and married the clerk Esther Fromm on December 5, 1914 in Berlin. She was a sister of Israel Julius Fromm, the founder of Fromm's condoms. Their son Bruno was born in 1918, who died in 1928. Esther and Willy Brandenburg lived in Charlottenburg at Wielandstrasse 18, from 1936 to 1939 at Düsseldorfer Strasse 52. After 1939 they moved to a sister-in-law of Esther, Elvira Ella Fromm née Silbergleit, at Rolandstrasse 4 in Nikolassee. This house belonged to Julius Fromm, Esther's wealthy brother who escaped to England. On March 6, 1943, Esther and Willy Brandenburg were deported to Auschwitz with their sister-in-law Elvira Fromm and murdered there on March 7, 1943.
Charlotte Ephraim	Schopenhauerstrasse 97	March 9, 2009
Emil Ephraim	Schopenhauerstrasse 97	March 9, 2009
Walther Max Frank	Von-Luck-Strasse 15	March 9, 2009	Walther Max Frank was born on November 19, 1884 in Magdeburg as the son of Oskar Frank and his wife Louise, née Cohn. He had a younger brother Hugo Richard Paul and a younger sister Elsa Helene. Walther Frank became a bank clerk and moved to Berlin. His brother Paul had remained single and became a writer, from 1935 the brothers lived in Nikolassee at 15 Von-Luck-Strasse. They were also the owners of the house. In 1939 they had to sell the house to a Mrs. Martha Bösinger. Walther Frank moved to Steglitz at Markelstrasse 41, where he stayed until 1941. His brother Paul Frank was arrested, imprisoned in Sachsenhausen concentration camp and died on September 12, 1941. Walther Max Frank had to move again, to Kantstrasse 89 V II near Nattmann. From there he was deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp on March 4, 1943, and murdered.
Berthold Fromm	Rolandstrasse 4	4th Sep 2010	Berthold Fromm was born on May 29, 1914 in Berlin as the son of the businessman Salomon Fromm and his wife Elvira Ella née Lewy, his sister Ruth was born in 1920. Berthold Fromm was trained as an optician and precision mechanic at the German School for Photo and Optics Technology. He was still single when he lived at Hohenstaufenstrasse 50 in 1939. Because the repression increased, he moved to his mother's at Rolandstrasse 4 in Nikolassee. The house belonged to his uncle Israel Julius Fromm, who was able to flee abroad, presumably with his father, Salomon Fromm. In April 1942 Berthold Fromm was arrested and taken to Sachsenhausen concentration camp, where he was "shot on orders" on May 28, 1942. His mother was deported to Auschwitz on March 6, 1943 and murdered on March 7, 1943. His sister Ruth was able to save herself abroad, she dedicated a memorial page to him at Yad Vashem.
Elvira Fromm	Rolandstrasse 4	4th Sep 2010	Elvira Ella Silbergleit was born on July 16, 1887 in Berlin as the daughter of Moritz Silbergleit and his wife Jeanette, née Lewy. She married Salomon Fromm, who was born in Konin / Posen in 1880. One of his brothers was the successful Israel Julius Fromm, who had founded a condom factory. Elvira and Salomon Fromm had two children: Berthold, born on May 29, 1914, and Ruth, born in 1920. They lived in Siegmundshof until 1938, when they moved in with Julius Fromm in his house at Rolandstraße 4 in Nikolassee. Her son Berthold had become an optician and lived at Hohenstaufenstrasse 50. Her brother-in-law Julius had to sell his factory at a great loss to a relative of Heinrich Göbbels and was able to flee to England, probably accompanied by Salomon Fromm. Elvira stayed behind in Berlin and took her sister-in-law Esther Brandenburg with her husband and his sister into the house at Rolandstrasse 4. First, sister Liesbeth Brandenburg was deported to Theresienstadt on June 15, 1942, Elvira Fromm, Esther and Willy Brandenburg were deported to Auschwitz on March 6, 1943 and murdered on March 7, 1943. Her son Berthold was imprisoned in Sachsenhausen concentration camp in April 1942 and murdered there on May 28, 1942, while her daughter Ruth managed to escape abroad. She dedicated memorial pages to her parents and her brother at Yad Vashem
Sophie Goldschmidt	Spanish Avenue 10	June 13, 2016	Sophie Wolff was born on March 28, 1859 in Bleicherode / Nordhausen district as the daughter of the businessman Markus Wolff and his wife Therese, née Kirchheim. She had a sister Emma and a brother George. On December 18, 1884, she married the merchant Julius Goldschmidt in Berlin, who was born in Thorn. The couple lived in Szczecin, where their children were born: Max in 1885, Kurt in 1887, Ida in 1889, Grete in 1890 and Else in 1895. Her husband Julius died in 1927. Sophie Goldschmidt moved to Berlin to the Schlachtensee / Altenheim sanatorium at Wannseestrasse 10 (today Spanische Allee), where she lived at the time of the census in May 1939. She had to move out and move to Kurfürstendamm 94/95. She was deported on June 18, 1942 to Theresienstadt from the house at Ludwigkirchstrasse 12. There she was murdered on July 3, 1942. Of their children, Grete and her husband Ludwig Kurnik were able to save themselves to the USA and Else and her husband Kurt Gabali to Australia, the other three died before the Second World War.
Luise Gronau	Schopenhauerstrasse 74	May 12, 2011	Luise Louise Anna Gronau was born on April 18, 1865 in Berlin as the daughter of Hermann Gronau and his wife Mathilde née Cohen. She had a younger brother Georg Hermann. The family belonged to the Evangelical Church. Luise Gronau remained single and led a private life, from 1925 to 1930 she lived at Keithstrasse 10, Gartenhaus III, then she moved to Nikolassee at Schopenhauerstrasse 74. She lived there at the time of the 1939 census. She had to move out again to Cohn at 50 Pariser Strasse. In view of the impending deportation, she committed suicide on March 24, 1943. Her brother Georg Hermann studied art history and published numerous works, including a. about the Bellini family. He married Dorothea Hauschtek and lived with her mostly in Florence / Italy. Her children were Hermann (1897), Wolfgang (1900), Hans Dieter (1904) and Susanne (1905). Hans Dieter and Susanne made reparation claims after the end of the war.
Friedrich Rudolf Guttstadt	Reifträgerweg 19	Apr 26, 2013	Friedrich Rudolf Guttstadt was born on February 14, 1881 in Berlin as the son of the general practitioner Albert Guttstadt and his wife Clara née Guhrauer. He also had an older brother Richard. Friedrich attended the Falk-Realgymnasium and studied law a. a. in Strasbourg. He belonged to the Academic Gymnastics Association Cheruscia-Burgundy (ATV) until his forced resignation in 1934, and he also belonged to the Protestant Church. Friedrich Guttstadt fought in the First World War, received the Iron Cross and was magistrate in Bochum. In 1919 he married the teacher Margarete Lipinski, the sons were born: Albert in 1920 and Gerhard in 1922. From 1923 he was a district judge in Berlin, privately he lived on Landhausstrasse, later in Zehlendorf on Dallwitzstrasse. In 1934 Friedrich Guttstadt built a house in Nikolassee, Augustastraße 19, today Reifträgerweg. In the meantime he was Reich Economics Councilor and was only given leave of absence from service in 1936 because of his deployment to the front. After the Reichspogromnacht he was arrested like many Berlin Jews and imprisoned in Sachsenhausen concentration camp. After his release in December 1938, he was mentally and physically marked; he died of the consequences of imprisonment on January 8, 1939.
Hedwig Harrwitz	Normannenstrasse 2	Sep 10 2010	Hedwig Peirels was born on October 10, 1885 in Breslau as the daughter of the merchant Julius Peirels and his wife Amalie, née Brieger; she had a sister Else, who was born in 1888. She is said to have become a good chess player who took part in the 1927 Berlin women's chess championship. She married (1938?) The chess player, bookseller and antiquarian Max Harrwitz, who had been running an art and antiquarian bookshop in Nikolassee, Normannenstrasse 2, since 1902. His brother Fritz Harrwitz, who had died in 1936, ran his publishing bookstore there. In 1938 the Gestapo transported the entire inventory of books and antiques in five moving vehicles. In 1939 the house at Normannenstrasse 2 was sold to the chief of the Riga fire brigade, but the couple were allowed to continue living there and took in persecuted Jews as sub-tenants. On September 10, 1942, Hedwig Harrwitz was deported to Theresienstadt with her husband; her husband died there on September 23, 1942, allegedly of enteritis. Hedwig Harrwitz saw her further deportation on May 16, 1944 to the Auschwitz concentration camp, where she was presumably murdered immediately. Her sister Else managed to escape to the United States in 1940 with her husband Salo Loeb and three children.
Maximilian Harrwitz	Normannenstrasse 2	Sep 10 2010	Gideon Maximilian Albrecht Willibald Harrwitz came to Berlin on December 2, 1860 as the son of the publisher Dr. Julius Harrwitz and his second wife Emilie born milk. He had a brother Fritz, who was born in 1859. His father was a co-owner of the Dümmler Verlag as well as a bookseller and antiquarian. Max, as he was called, attended the Askanisches Gymnasium and, like his father, became a publisher, bookseller and antiquarian. In 1902 he founded the Harrwitz art dealer and antiquarian bookshop, from 1908 at Normannenstrasse 2, and lived there with his brother, who published the “Zeitschrift für Feinmechanik”. Max Harrwitz was an enthusiastic chess player, and it was here that he probably met his wife Hedwig Peirels, who was also an enthusiastic chess player. They married (1938?) And lived at Normannenstrasse 2. His brother Fritz had died in 1936, Max Harrwitz was excluded from the Reichsschrifttumskammer and in 1938 the Gestapo transported the entire inventory of books and antiques in five furniture trucks. In 1939 he had to sell the house at Normannenstrasse 2 to the chief of the Riga fire brigade, but the couple were allowed to continue living there and took in some Jews as sub-tenants. On September 10, 1942, Hedwig Harrwitz was deported to Theresienstadt with her husband; Max Harrwitz died there on September 23, 1942, allegedly of enteritis. His wife Hedwig was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp on May 16, 1944 and murdered there.
Simon Hayek	Prinz-Friedrich-Leopold-Strasse 31	Oct. 26, 2019	Simon Hayek was born on August 14, 1871 in Wieselburg / Angern, then Hungary, as the son of Ignatz Hayek and his wife Antonie nee Spitzer. His brothers were Josef, Emil and Leopold. He grew up speaking German in Gaya / Moravia and became a chemist and distiller. In 1895 he married the non-Jewish Marianna Balisa from Wilschwitz / Basel. The first three children were born during his professional years of traveling: Walter (1896), Willy (1897) and Karl (1898). After a professional stint in Königsberg, he settled in Berlin in 1903 and founded the S. Hayek essence factory at Uhlandstrasse 135. His company imported raw materials for the spirits industry, developed and supplied factory equipment, and his own publishing house sold the standard works he had written, Hayek's contraction tables for alcohol-water mixtures, its conversion tables and apparatus developed by Simon Hayek; his distillation apparatus was patented. In 1904 the daughter Rosa was born, followed by daughter Ilse. In 1932 his wife Marianna died. After 1933 he had to sell large parts of his assets and transfer the company to his sons Walter and Wilhelm. He lost his spacious apartment on Kaiserdamm and moved in 1936 to a friend of his daughter-in-law Helene, Else Berger, at Prinz-Friedrich-Leopold-Straße 31 in Nikolassee. In October 1938 Simon Hayek was arrested and imprisoned in the Alexanderplatz police prison for two months. After his release he was in such bad physical condition that his son Walter took him to Gaya / Czechoslovakia to stay with a couple who were friends. When the local Jewish population was about to be deported in January 1943, Simon Hayek was transported seriously ill to the collection point in Uhersky Brod and died on January 23, 1943 in the Kyjov transport hospital.
Marie Kallmann	At the Rehwiese 12	May 12, 2011	Marie Kallmann was born on March 4, 1885 in Stargard as the daughter of Max Kallmann and his wife Cäcilie Kallmann. She became a social worker and moved to Berlin. In 1939 she lived as a subtenant at An der Rehwiese 12. She was deported to Riga on September 1, 1942, a date of death is not known. Her nephew Helmuth Kallmann dedicated a memorial page to her at Yad Vashem.
Jochen Klepper	Teutonenstrasse 23	Dec 11, 2014		location
Johanna Klepper	Teutonenstrasse 23	Dec 11, 2014	Johanna Hanni Gerstel was born on November 2, 1890 in Nuremberg to a Jewish family. She married the lawyer Dr. Felix Stein, the daughters were born: Brigitte 1920 and Renate 1922. Her husband Felix died in 1927. Johanna Stein met the writer Joachim Jochen Klepper, they married in 1931 and moved to Berlin. Her husband's family did not approve of marrying a Jewish woman. Because of his mixed marriage, Jochen Klepper was excluded from the Reichsschrifttumskammer. In 1935 the family lived in Südende, Oehlertring, and had to move there because of the “ World Capital Germania ” project . They moved into a house built for them in Nikolassee, Teutonenstraße 23. The daughter Brigitte managed to leave the country, Jochen Klepper refused to divorce Hanni Klepper and fed his hope from his faith. Hanni Klepper converted to the Protestant religion. When the deportation of Hanni and Renate was imminent, Jochen, Hanni and Renate took their own lives with gas and sleeping pills.	location
Johanna Koenigsberger	Spanish Avenue 10	June 26, 2015	Johanna Fraenkel was born on October 21, 1864 in Berlin as the daughter of Samuel Salomon Fraenkel and his wife Rachel Rosalie, née Neißer. Her ancestors were furriers and belters. She married the merchant Joseph Königsberger in Berlin. The family later belonged to the Protestant church and lived at Inselstraße 12 in Mitte. Joseph Königsberger owned a workshop that produced feather trimmings and feather boas. The children were born: Else on November 17, 1885 and Erich on May 13, 1887. Joseph Königsberger bought a plot of 6000 m² at Albrechtstrasse 16-18 and built a 20-room house there, as well as two greenhouses and a tennis court. Joseph Königsberger died in 1911 and his widow Johanna continued to run the business with her son Erich. In 1920 she had to sell the house and the feather trimming factory went bankrupt. In 1939 she lived at Wannseestrasse 8 (today Spanische Allee), she still had to move out, on July 22, 1942 she was deported from Neue Friedrichstrasse 41-42 to Theresienstadt. She was murdered on September 6, 1942, the alleged cause of death being intestinal catarrh. Her son Erich had married Margarete Maaßen, the sons Rolf (1914) and Reinhard (1920) escaped, Rolf to Australia and Reinhard to Canada. Their daughter Else had married Willy Schröder, the sons were born: Hans Dietrich (1909) and Joachim. Willy Schröder died in 1939, Else Schröder lived in Steglitz at Heesestrasse 1. When she was supposed to be picked up for deportation, she took an overdose of veronal. She died on February 3, 1944 in the Jewish Hospital. The sons survived. For Else Schröder there is a stumbling block in front of the house at Heesestrasse 1.
Hans Heinrich Kummerow	166 Spanish Avenue	March 27, 2015		location
Ingeborg Kummerow	166 Spanish Avenue	March 27, 2015		location
Anna Loewenberg	Spanish Avenue 10	June 26, 2015	Anna Wilhelmine Grossmann was born on December 20, 1869 in Berlin as the daughter of Gustav Grossmann and his wife Auguste née Salzmann. She attended the teacher training college in Poznan, became a teacher and was a member of the Protestant Church. In 1900 she married in Breslau and took her husband's name "Loewenberg". She is said to have had a child. In 1939 she lived in the Schlachtensee sanatorium / old people's home at Wannseestrasse 10 (today Spanische Allee). She was deported from Mozartstrasse 22 in Lankwitz on September 11, 1942 to Theresienstadt, together with her landlady Dora Freudenthal. She was murdered on February 14, 1943.
Theodor Loewenthal	Spanish Avenue 10	June 26, 2015	Theodor Loewenthal was born on March 4, 1861 in Zettlitz / Bohemia as the eldest child of the cattle dealer Elias Loewenthal and his wife Katharina née Schnurmacher. His parents died before he was 13 years old. His seven siblings were divided among relatives, Theodor immigrated to Berlin and trained as a butcher with the butcher Hirsch Elkan in Friedrichshagen. In 1888 he married his daughter Jenny. The children were born: Katharina (1889), Else (1890), Helene (1891) and Hans (1899). In 1898, Theodor Loewenthal bought a piece of land at Achenbachstrasse 4 in Wilmersdorf (today Lietzenburger Strasse 32) and built a large apartment building in which the family lived and his non-kosher butcher shop was located on the ground floor. His wife Jenny worked in the business, the housekeeping and the kitchen were taken care of by Jenny's sister Minna. Jenny Loewenthal died in 1921, after which Theodor's daughter Käthe moved with her husband Paul and daughter Ellie from Marienbad to Berlin and took over the butcher's shop. Theodor Loewenthal enjoyed life, he owned one of the first automobiles in Berlin, and there was a stable for four horses in his house on Achenbachstrasse. His son Hans had studied medicine and had emigrated to England in 1933. Theodor Loewenthal visited him in 1935 and 1936, but could not make up his mind to stay in England as well. In 1938 he had to sell (aryanize) his house with the butcher shop. He moved to the Schlachtensee sanatorium / old people's home at Wannseestrasse 10 (today Spanische Allee). He had to move again to Bayrischer Platz 3 as a subtenant to Wanda Jacoby. From there he was deported to Theresienstadt on July 8, 1942. He was murdered on July 22, 1942. The alleged cause of death was pulmonary edema / cardiac paralysis. His son Hans married Ilse Stenger in England, their daughter Susan dedicated a memorial page to her grandfather at Yad Vashem and initiated the laying of a stumbling block in front of the house on Lietzenburger Strasse 32. The daughters were also able to escape the Holocaust.
Bertha Mayer	Potsdamer Chaussee 48	Apr 8, 2016	Bertha Helene Mayer was born on April 30, 1921 in Berlin as the daughter of the textile merchant Hermann Mayer and his wife Helene nee Freudenberg. Her sister Margarethe was born on September 12, 1923. Her mother's family owned the Gerson department store, where her parents worked in managerial positions. The family lived in Nikolassee, Potsdamer Chaussee 48, in Haus Freudenberg, a spacious house built by Hermann Muthesius in 1908 for a large, wealthy family with a lively social life. Due to increasing repression, the family fled to the Netherlands in 1934 and lived in Gouda. After the occupation of the Netherlands, Helene and Hermann Mayer were imprisoned in the Westerbork assembly camp. Bertha and Margarete went into hiding in the Netherlands in July 1942 and tried to flee to Switzerland or unoccupied France. You were arrested in Bordeaux, deported via the Drancy assembly camp to Auschwitz on August 31, 1942, and murdered on September 3, 1942. Your parents were deported to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp on March 15, 1944. Hermann Mayer died there on March 30, 1945, Helene Mayer was to be brought to Theresienstadt in April 1945; she was in the so-called "lost transport" on the route from Bergen-Belsen to Tröbitz. She was liberated by Soviet soldiers on April 23, 1945, but died on May 24, 1945 of paratyphus and the consequences of her imprisonment in Riesa.
Helene Mayer	Potsdamer Chaussee 48	Apr 8, 2016	Helene Freudenberg was born on October 2, 1894 in Berlin as the daughter of the businessman Hermann Freudenberg and his wife Bertha, née Hirsch. Her siblings were Georg (1897–1978), Johanna (1902–1930) and Maria Mirjam (1907–1995). Her grandfather Philipp Freudenberg had become a partner in the well-known Gerson department store in 1889 and took it over entirely in 1891. Helene was still studying when she married the textile merchant Hermann Mayer on July 20, 1920. The couple lived in their parents' house in Nikolassee, Potsdamer Chaussee 48, in Haus Freudenberg, a spacious house built in 1908 by Hermann Muthesius for a large, wealthy family with a lively social life. Both worked in management positions at the Gerson department store. The two daughters were born: on April 30, 1921 Bertha Helene and on September 12, 1923 Margarethe. Due to increasing repression, the family fled to the Netherlands in 1934 and lived in Gouda. After the occupation of the Netherlands, Helene and Hermann Mayer were imprisoned in the Westerbork assembly camp. Her daughters went into hiding in the Netherlands in July 1942 and tried to flee to Switzerland or unoccupied France. They were arrested in Bordeaux, deported to Auschwitz via the Drancy assembly camp on August 31, 1942, and murdered on September 3, 1942. Helene and Hermann Mayer had acquired citizenship of El Salvador in 1942 and were therefore initially not deported as possible “exchange Jews”, but were then deported to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp on March 15, 1944. Hermann Mayer died there on March 30, 1945. Helene Mayer was to be brought to Theresienstadt in April 1945; it was in the so-called "lost transport" on the route from Bergen-Belsen to Tröbitz. She was liberated by Soviet soldiers on April 23, 1945, but died on May 24, 1945 of paratyphus and the consequences of her imprisonment in Riesa.
Hermann Mayer	Potsdamer Chaussee 48	Apr 8, 2016	Hermann Mayer was born on October 20, 1894 in Euskirchen as the son of Leonhard Mayer and his wife Flora, née Sostberg. He became a textile merchant and married Helene Freudenberg on July 20, 1920 in Berlin. She was a daughter of Hermann Freudenberg, who, together with his brother Julius, owned the Gerson department store in Berlin. The couple lived in their parents' house in Nikolassee, Potsdamer Chaussee 48, in Haus Freudenberg, a spacious house built in 1908 by Hermann Muthesius for a large, wealthy family with a lively social life. Both worked in management positions at the Gerson department store. The two daughters were born: on April 30, 1921 Bertha Helene and on September 12, 1923 Margarethe. Due to increasing repression, the family fled to the Netherlands in 1934 and lived in Gouda. After the occupation of the Netherlands, Helene and Hermann Mayer were imprisoned in the Westerbork assembly camp. Her daughters went into hiding in the Netherlands in July 1942 and tried to flee to Switzerland or unoccupied France. They were arrested in Bordeaux, deported to Auschwitz via the Drancy assembly camp on August 31, 1942, and murdered on September 3, 1942. Helene and Hermann Mayer had acquired citizenship of El Salvador in 1942 and were therefore initially not deported as possible “exchange Jews”, but were then deported to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp on March 15, 1944. Hermann Mayer died there on March 30, 1945. Helene Mayer was to be brought to Theresienstadt in April 1945; she was in the so-called "lost transport" on the route from Bergen-Belsen to Tröbitz. She was liberated by Soviet soldiers on April 23, 1945, but died on May 24, 1945 of paratyphus and the consequences of her imprisonment in Riesa.
Margarete Mayer	Potsdamer Chaussee 48	Apr 8, 2016	Margarete Mayer was born on September 12, 1923 in Berlin as the daughter of the textile merchant Hermann Mayer and his wife Helene nee Freudenberg. Her sister Bertha Helene was born on April 30, 1921. Her mother's family owned the Gerson department store, where her parents worked in managerial positions. The family lived in Nikolassee, Potsdamer Chaussee 48, in Haus Freudenberg, a spacious house built by Hermann Muthesius in 1908 for a large, wealthy family with a lively social life. Due to increasing repression, the family fled to the Netherlands in 1934 and lived in Gouda. After the occupation of the Netherlands, Helene and Hermann Mayer were imprisoned in the Westerbork assembly camp. Bertha and Margarete went into hiding in the Netherlands in July 1942 and tried to flee to Switzerland or unoccupied France. You were arrested in Bordeaux, deported via the Drancy assembly camp to Auschwitz on August 31, 1942, and murdered on September 3, 1942. Your parents were deported to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp on March 15, 1944. Hermann Mayer died there on March 30, 1945. Helene Mayer was to be brought to Theresienstadt in April 1945; she was in the so-called "lost transport" on the route from Bergen-Belsen to Tröbitz. She was liberated by Soviet soldiers on April 23, 1945, but died on May 24, 1945 of paratyphus and the consequences of her imprisonment in Riesa.
Estella Meyer	Potsdamer Chaussee 69	May 12, 2011	Estella Clara Goldschmidt was born on April 1, 1870 in Berlin as the daughter of the industrialist Ruben Max Goldschmidt and his wife Delia, née Simmonds. In 1889 she married the literary scholar Richard M. Meyer , who came from a banking family. The couple made many long journeys and from 1894 lived in a city palace at Vossstraße 16; the Meyer family's bank was on the ground floor. Fritz Joachim Wilhelm was born on April 6, 1893, followed by Konrad Joachim Max on September 21, 1895, and finally Reinhold Joachim Wolfgang on August 21, 1898. In 1905 all family members were baptized. The family led a rich social life and associated with artists such as Stefan George, Ricarda Huch and Else Lasker-Schüler. The latter dedicated a poem to Estella. There was also a close relationship with Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. In 1911, Estella's son Fritz was killed in an accident, and in 1914 her husband died unexpectedly. When her son Konrad fell in World War II, Estella was ravaged by depression. She withdrew to the Waldhaus sanatorium in Nikolassee, Potsdamer Strasse 69. At the beginning of the Second World War, the sanatorium was confiscated and some of the patients, including Estella, were taken to the Dr. Wieners relocated. From there, Estella Meyer was picked up with all other Jewish patients in 1942 and taken to an unknown location. The son Reinhold Meyer was informed that his mother had died of dysentery on July 20, 1942 in Cholm near Lublin. The move there was necessary for defense reasons. The Federal Archives Resident List indicates euthanasia as the cause of death (presumably); dev. Information on place / date of death: Chelm (Cholm) / 07/20/1942 are fictional and were used to cover up.	location
Emil Nawratzki	Teutonenstrasse 15	July 3, 2010	Emil Nawratzki was born on April 5, 1867 in Lipinken / West Prussia as the son of Abraham Nawratzki and his wife Maria née Itzig. He studied medicine and founded in 1904 with his colleague Dr. Max Arndt founded the Waldhausklinik at Potsdamer Chaussee 69, which operated as a “mental hospital for the mentally ill” and which had specialized in withdrawal treatments. In 1907 he married Johanna Antonia Leontine Heymann called Toni, the daughters were born: Charlotte Annemarie on November 11, 1907 and Ilse Ruth on August 19, 1910. Around 1930 the family lived at Prinz-Friedrich-Leopold-Strasse 5 and later around Corner at Teutonenstrasse 15. Emil Nawratzki was wealthy and had already acquired a zoo share in 1919, which gave the family free entry to the zoo. In 1936 Emil Nawratzki and his co-owner Dr. Max Arndt sell the clinic to the Inner Mission of the Evangelical Church in the Province of Brandenburg. The daughters emigrated, Charlotte Annemarie first to Jerusalem, then to Egypt, Ilse Ruth, who had become an ophthalmologist, first to Milan and later to Jerusalem. Emil Nawratzki visited his daughters in 1935. On the night of July 6th to 7th, 1938 Emil Nawratzki and his wife Toni committed suicide. After the Second World War, the daughters made reparation claims, including a. because of the zoo share.
Toni Nawratzki	Teutonenstrasse 15	July 3, 2010	Johanna Antonia Leontine Heymann called Toni came to Berlin on May 5, 1882 as the daughter of the lawyer Dr. Theodor Heymann and his wife Pauline Beate born Schottlaender. In 1907 she married the doctor Dr. Emil Nawratzki, who together with his colleague Dr. In 1904, Max Arndt founded the Waldhausklinik on Potsdamer Chaussee 69, which operated as the “mental hospital for the mentally ill” and which had specialized in withdrawal treatments. The daughters were born: Charlotte Annemarie on November 11, 1907 and Ilse Ruth on August 19, 1910. Around 1930 the family lived at Prinz-Friedrich-Leopold-Strasse 5 and later around the corner at Teutonenstrasse 15. Emil Nawratzki was wealthy and had already acquired a zoo share in 1919, which gave the family free entry to the zoo. In 1936 Emil Nawratzki and his co-owner Dr. Max Arndt sell the clinic to the Inner Mission of the Evangelical Church in the Province of Brandenburg. The daughters emigrated, Charlotte Annemarie first to Jerusalem, then to Egypt, Ilse Ruth, who had become an ophthalmologist, first to Milan and then to Jerusalem. Toni Nawratzki and her husband committed suicide on the night of July 6th, 1938. After the Second World War, the daughters made reparation claims, including a. because of the zoo share.
Dina Oelsner	Dreilindenstrasse 52	June 9, 2011	Dina Tana Silberberg was born on April 27, 1869 in Dortmund to a Jewish family. She married and took the name of her husband "Oelsner". In 1939 she lived alone in Nikolassee at Dreilindenstrasse 52. At that time, Ms. Carla Thieme ran a hostel under this address, perhaps Tana Oelsner lived there. She had to move again to Sybelstrasse 69, from there she was deported to Theresienstadt on July 17, 1942, where she was murdered on October 23, 1942.
David Plelis	Teutonenstrasse 15	July 3, 2010	David Plelis was born on March 1, 1912 in Proskurow / Ukraine / Soviet Union to a Jewish family. He was probably disabled. In 1939 he lived in Teutonenstrasse 15, where the psychiatrist Dr. Emil Nawratzki lived with his wife Toni. Their children had already emigrated and the couple committed suicide on July 7, 1938. David Plelis now had to move into the permanent home in Weißensee, Wörtherstrasse 20 (today Smetanastrasse 53). The Weißensee permanent home was founded in 1902 as a workhouse for the unemployed and homeless, and from 1923 it was operated as a home for the idiotic Jewish people. This home accommodated 30 male and 30 female adult people with disabilities. On April 2, 1942, David Plelis was deported from the home to the Warsaw Ghetto. On the deportation list, his name is written: Imbecile. He was murdered at an unknown date.
Arthur Sello	Tewsstrasse 21	Aug 15, 2013	Arthur Johannes Sello was born on December 24, 1872 in Bojanowo / Posen to a Jewish family. He studied law, became a judge and married the non-Jewish Lydia Schmiedeberg in Birkholz / Neumark in 1906. The family belonged to the Evangelical Church. The daughter Maria was born on June 6, 1909 in Posen, followed by the son Gottfried on February 4, 1913, also in Posen. Then the family moved to Potsdam, where their daughter Irmgard was born on December 13, 1914, and there is said to have been a third daughter. Arthur Sello fought in World War I and received the Iron Cross. From 1926 he worked at the Berlin Higher Regional Court and then became chairman of the newly established regional labor court. In 1933 he was given a forced leave of absence, although he was a front-line fighter. Two of his daughters emigrated. The family lived at Wannseestrasse 70 (now Spanische Allee) until 1937, and from 1938 at Tewsstrasse 21. Although Arthur Sello was relatively protected by a privileged mixed marriage, the family lived in constant fear of deportation, so he lived very withdrawn. On March 6, 1944, Arthur Sello was killed by an aerial bomb because, as a Jew, he was not allowed to use the air raid shelter.
Johanna Stahl	Spanish Avenue 10	June 26, 2015	Johanna Lehmann was born on September 12, 1886 in Berlin as the daughter of the businessman Isidor Lehmann and his wife Jenny, née Rector. Johanna probably started her own business because when she married the plasterer, sculptor and wood carver Emil Stahl in 1919, she stated that she was a business owner. Her husband was born in Szeged, Hungary, and had Hungarian citizenship, which Johanna also obtained through the marriage. Daughter Margit was born on November 29, 1920. The marriage of Johanna and Emil Stahl was divorced and in the mid-1930s Johanna Stahl moved into the Schlachtensee sanatorium / old people's home at Wannseestrasse 10 (today Spanische Allee). In 1939, 10 Jewish tenants lived there. Johanna Stahl had to move out again after 1939, first to Kaiser-Friedrich-Straße 48 to Charlottenburg and then to Lindenallee 25 zu Schuftan, also in Charlottenburg. Her daughter Margit also lived there. Johanna Stahl was deported from Prager Strasse 29 to Auschwitz on June 28, 1943 and murdered. The daughter Margit was supposed to be deported to a concentration camp in Poland in 1943, after which she fled to Budapest. In 1944 she met her future husband, the shoemaker Istvan Saller, who hid her and provided her with food. She married him on February 24, 1945, their daughter Katalin (Kathy) was born in Budapest on January 30, 1948. The son Istvan (Steven) was born in Vienna on August 12, 1948, then the family emigrated to the USA in 1951. Daughter Giselle was born there on February 16, 1953 in Cincinnati. Margit Saller died in 1979.
Renate Stein	Teutonenstrasse 23	Dec 11, 2014	Renate Stein came to Breslau on March 5, 1922 as the daughter of the lawyer Dr. Felix Stein and his wife Johanna nee Gerstel zur Welt, their sister Brigitte was born in 1920. After her father died in 1925, her mother met the writer Joachim Jochen Klepper and married him in 1931. The family moved to Berlin and in 1935 lived in Südende Oehlertring. Her stepfather was excluded from the Reichsschrifttumskammer because of his Jewish wife. After 1938 Renate was no longer allowed to attend school, she trained as a seamstress, her sister Brigitte went to England as a house maid. When the deportation of Renate and her mother was imminent, Jochen and Hanni Klepper and Renate Stein committed suicide together with gas and sleeping pills.	location
Emma refuses	Spanish Avenue 10	June 26, 2015	Emma Pappenheim was born on March 28, 1861 in Berlin as the daughter of the businessman Jacob Pappenheim and his wife Helene nee Bernhard. She married the businessman Martin Waldemar Weigert in Berlin in 1882. Their son Oskar was born on August 12, 1886, and they also had a daughter, Charlotte. Emma was the heiress of her father's business, S.Pappenheim & Co., a straw and felt hat factory, hat shapes and borders, which her husband continued. In 1900 the family lived at Wilhelmstrasse 147 III. In 1916 the company was sold and the family lived at Johann-Sigismund-Straße 2–3 in Halensee. After her husband died, Emma Weigert moved to the Schlachtensee sanatorium / old people's home, where she lived in 1939. She had to move again to Grolmannstrasse 30. From there she was deported to Theresienstadt on August 28, 1942. She died on September 12, 1942, allegedly of intestinal catarrh. Both children escaped the Holocaust, Charlotte fled to Copenhagen and Oskar to the USA, where he died in 1968.
Selma Worm	Pfeddersheimer Weg 50	March 9, 2009	Selma Klein was born on March 20, 1891 in Kolberg as the daughter of Carl Klein and his wife Hedwig, born Moses. The parents were of the Mosaic faith. Brother Walter was the oldest child and was born in 1887, followed by Else (1888), Martha (1890) and Frieda (1894). The parents encouraged their daughters in particular to develop their musical abilities and attached great importance to a good education. Selma married and took the name of her husband "Herbst", who died before 1927. In 1927 Selma Herbst married Johannes Ernst Martin Worm in Berlin, who died a few years later. Selma Worm built a small house in Nikolassee, Pfeddersheimer Weg 50. She wanted to rent the attic apartment. Selma was very musical, played the piano and cello, played tennis and took a folding boat across the Wannsee. She also gave piano lessons. On the deportation list she is referred to as a piano teacher. On October 14, 1943, she was deported to Auschwitz concentration camp and murdered on November 17, 1943.