Lucas do Rio Verde

Municipio de Lucas do Rio Verde Lucas do Rio Verde
Section of the BR-163 national road within the city.
Lucas do Rio Verde
Coordinates	13 ° 2 ′  S , 55 ° 57 ′  W Coordinates: 13 ° 2 ′  S , 55 ° 57 ′  W
Location of the municipality in the state of Mato Grosso
Symbols
coat of arms flag
founding	5th August 1983 (age 37)
Basic data
Country	Brazil
State	Mato Grosso
structure	21 neighborhoods
height	398 m
climate	tropical, Aw
Residents	65,534
Post Code	78455-000
Telephone code	(+55)  65
Time zone	UTC −4
Website	lucasdorioverde.mt (Brazilian Portuguese)
politics
City Prefect	Flori Luiz Binotti (2017-2020)
Political party	Psd

View of Lake Ernani José Machado in Lucas do Rio Verde in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

Lucas do Rio Verde , officially Portuguese Município de Lucas do Rio Verde , is a Brazilian city in the interior of the state of Mato Grosso , 334 km north of the capital Cuiabá. According to an estimate by the Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics (IBGE), Lucas do Rio Verde ranked 8th within the state in 2019 with over 64,000 inhabitants and is one of the youngest cities of this size in Brazil at almost 40 years of age. It originated from the agro-industry in this region.

Origin of name

On the one hand, the name of the city pays homage to the rubber taps named Francisco Lucas de Barros, representative of the Italian group Orlando & Cie and Borges & Cie, one of the few pioneers who, thanks to their in-depth knowledge, pioneered the practically uninhabited region of the Brazilian Midwest prepared for future settlers; on the other hand, the city name goes back to the local body of water, which is called Rio Verde (Green River) because of its emerald green color .

history

In the early 1960s, where Lucas do Rio Verde is today, there were no houses, no electricity, or a paved road. At that time only a few Indians lived in Mato Grosso. Reserves were created to protect these residents on the one hand and to be able to freely create infrastructure on the other. As part of the nationwide integration program, the military government had highways built ("estradas de penetração") firstly to employ the many unemployed who could not find work as a result of the droughts of 1969 and 1970, especially in the northeast, and secondly to deal with the demographic vacuum in the Amazon to counteract colonization. Thanks to this policy, the 1770 km long national road BR-163 from Cuiabá to Santarém was gradually built . As a result, the first agricultural and settlement entrepreneurs moved to this area and with them many tenants who cleared the forest with an ax and then, after burning the vegetation between charred stems and trunks, planted beans for their own use with a spade. After the harvest, they delivered the agreed portion to the landowner. As far as they could get the agreed harvest from the acreage, they sown grass to raise cattle, and another forest area was cleared. After the forest had been cleared and the withered vegetation burned down, large enterprises in the possession of extensive forest areas sowed grass from the airplane at the beginning of the rainy season.

However, due to the steady decline in the prices of agricultural products on the world market, many farmers across the country - especially small and medium-sized farms - were unable to pay banks and other creditors their accumulated debts. They got into debt and had to sell their real estate or give it directly to the creditors, the banks. At the same time, capitalists and big landowners who became rich through financial speculation bought land from indebted farmers at ridiculous prices and grew even bigger. Capitalized in this way, they managed to constantly modernize their production techniques; they could use all means of mechanization that were available to the management and were inaccessible to the common farmer. They were given easy access to new loans in the banking network, as their accumulated assets, large areas for little money, offered sufficient guarantees. New latifundia were created by amalgamating smaller properties, which were often located in agricultural projects of small producers and had previously been difficult to integrate into the project.

In 1981 around 600 farming families protested in Ronda Alta, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, for months, who had no (or no longer) land. They claimed land in order to farm. This is where the landless farm workers' movement (in short: Movement of the Landless - Movimento dos Sem Terra: MST) came into being, and continues to campaign for agrarian reform to this day.

In the 1970s, in the Holambra cooperatives in the state of São Paulo, several cooperative members, including Dutch and Swiss, decided to look for soil abroad because of the limited land reserves of the Holambra. They found a new area in the Cerrado in Mato Grosso, which they wanted to colonize and farm as a cooperative. For this purpose they sat down with the INCRA ( Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária) and planned the settlement and management of this area, organized and jointly financed a control post that was supposed to prevent the spontaneous land occupations in this area.

In 1981, under the pressure of the ongoing protests in Ronda Alta, the government of President João Batista Figueiredo declared the area of ​​the future Lucas do Rio Verde a priority for agrarian reform and expropriated a large part of the peasant families who had already settled there. Although the project of the cooperatives from São Paulo and the INCRA seemed to be in great danger because of this decree, it ultimately even accelerated the realization of the settlement and cooperative project. The former Holambra cooperative members founded a new cooperative, Cooperlucas (Cooperativa Agropecuária Lucas do Rio Verde Ltda.), Which was commissioned to provide technical assistance to the new settlers as part of the Lucas do Rio Verde special settlement project ( Projeto Especial do Assentamento Lucas do Rio Verde ) and provide support. In this way, in 1981/82, in addition to the former Holambra cooperative members from São Paulo, another 203 families of landless farmers from Ronda Alta, Rio Grande do Sul, were settled here. For the first few months, the families lived in improvised tents with no electricity, no running water, and no medical assistance. The sense of community and the common vision, the chance to use one's own land for a better future, which was promoted from the beginning, helped to cope with the precarious situation and countless difficulties.

Thus, in 1981, the history of today's city of Lucas do Rio Verde began. Until the end of the 1990s, the settlement was not yet supplied with electrical energy. There were individual oil-powered generators that produced electricity for the city.

August 5th, 1982 is celebrated as the founding day of the agricultural settlement, which at that time still belonged to the Diamantino municipality. On September 16, 1985, the law that made the Lucas do Rio Verde district possible was ratified. On March 17, 1986, the urban core received the status of a district, and on July 4, 1988, it became politically and administratively independent with 5500 inhabitants.

In 1990 the first telephone exchange with 362 local connections was put into operation. Previously, a single public telephone booth was available to the entire population, which resulted in very long queues.

While there were 38 parishes in Mato Grosso in 1976/77, in 2000 there were already 142.

Population development

On the occasion of the 2010 census, Lucas do Rio Verde had 45,556 inhabitants, making it the 8th most populous place in Mato Grosso. The population density was 16.31 inhabitants / km². Of these inhabitants, 42,455 (93.19%) lived in the urban zone of the city and 3101 (6.81%) in the agricultural zone; the population was composed of 54.04% white, 40.00% mulatto, 5.06% black and 0.88% yellow.

Regarding nationality, 99.81% were Brazilian and 0.10% were foreign.

In 2010, 95.3% of the population of Lucas do Rio Verde lived above the poverty line, 3.6% in poverty and 1.1% in extreme poverty.

In 2018, Lucas do Rio Verde had 65,534 inhabitants (see diagram above).

economy

In 2017 the national product per capita in the municipality was R $ 60,473. According to IBGE, there were 7,910,354 poultry animals, 148,284 pigs, 32,724 cattle, 3,200 sheep, 601 horses and 155 goats within the municipality in 2018. And in the same year 3.972 million liters of cow's milk from 1,866 cows and 6,000 kg of honey were produced in the municipality. In 2017, crops with seasonal crop rotation produced 1,060,423 t of corn, 714,519 t of soy, 7164 t of beans, 3,147 t of rice, 238 t of cassava, 126 t of watermelons and 63 t of sugar cane.

Web links

Commons : Lucas do Rio Verde  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Homepage of the Prefeitura de Lucas do Rio Verde
• Portal of the city of Lucas do Rio Verde
• 30 years of Lucas do Rio Verde with videos on the history of the city (Portuguese)

Individual notes

1. ↑ Climate Sinop. In: de.climate-data.org. Retrieved March 6, 2020 . 
2. ↑ Toda política eleições 2016. Accessed March 22, 2020 (Portuguese). 
3. ↑ Vera Terezinha Faccin Carpenedo: Lucas do Rio Verde. 30 anos. Uma construção coletiva. (PDF) Prefeitura de Lucas do Rio Verde, 2010, pp. 28 + 51 , accessed on March 10, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
4. ^ Anton Huber: Tempestade no Cerrado (=  Coleção ypê roxo ). Carlini & Caniato Editorial, Cuiabá-MT 2010, ISBN 978-85-99146-79-8 , p. 61-62 (Brazilian Portuguese).
5. ^ Anton Huber: Tempestade no Cerrado (=  Coleção ypê roxo ). Carlini & Caniato Editorial, Cuiaba-MT 2010, ISBN 978-85-99146-79-8 , pp. 17 (Brazilian Portuguese).
6. ^ João Carlos Vicente Fereira: História de Lucas do Rio Verde. In: Portal Mato Grosso. June 3, 2008, accessed March 7, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
7. ^ Anton Huber: Tempestade no Cerrado (=  Coleção ypê roxo ). Carlini & Caniato Editorial, Cuiabá 2010, ISBN 978-85-99146-79-8 , p. 18 .
8. ^ Anton Huber: Tempestade no Cerrado (=  Coleção ypê roxo ). Carlini & Caniato Editorial, Cuiabá 2010, ISBN 978-85-99146-79-8 , p. 23 .
9. ^ Anton Huber: Tempestade no Cerrado (=  Coleção ypê roxo ). Carlini & Caniato Editorial, Cuiabá-MT 2010, ISBN 978-85-99146-79-8 , p. 87 (Brazilian Portuguese).
10. ↑ Vera Terezinha Faccin Carpenedo: Lucas do Rio Verde. 30 anos. Uma construção coletiva. (PDF) Prefeitura de Lucas do Rio Verde, 2010, p. 30 , accessed on March 11, 2020 (Portuguese). 
11. ^ Anton Huber: Tempestade no Cerrado (=  Coleção ypê roxo ). Carlini & Caniato Editora, Cuiabá 2010, ISBN 978-85-99146-79-8 , pp. 87-88 (Brazilian Portuguese).
12. ↑ Vera Terezinha Faccin Carpenedo: Lucas do Rio Verde. 30 anos. Uma construção coletiva. (PDF) Prefeitura de Lucas do Rio Verde, 2010, p. 31 , accessed on March 10, 2020 (Portuguese). 
13. ^ Anton Huber: Tempestade no Cerrado (=  Coleção ypê roxo ). Carlini & Caniato, Cuiabá 2010, ISBN 978-85-99146-79-8 , pp. 14 (Brazilian Portuguese).
14. ↑ Vera Terezinha Faccin Carpenedo: Lucas do Rio Verde - 30 anos - uma construção coletiva. (PDF) Prefeitura de Lucas do Rio Verde, 2018, accessed on March 10, 2020 (Portuguese). 
15. ↑ Vera Terezinha Faccin Carpenedo: Lucas do Rio Verde. 30 anos. Uma construção coletiva. (PDF) Prefeitura de Lucas do Rio Verde, pp. 37–38 , accessed on March 10, 2020 (Portuguese). 
16. ^ Anton Huber: Tempestade no Cerrado (=  Coleção ypê roxo ). Carlini & Caniata Editorial, Cuiabá 2010, ISBN 978-85-99146-79-8 , p. 34 .
17. ↑ IBGE: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica: Tabela 2.1 - População residente, total, urbana total e urbana na sede municipal, em números absolutos e relativos, com indicação da área total e densidade demográfica, segundo as Unidades da Federaçpios e os municí 2010. Accessed March 10, 2020 . 
18. ↑ IBGE: Estimativas da população residente no Brasil e unidades da Federação com data de referência em 1 ° de julho de 2019. (PDF) 2019, accessed on March 10, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese). 
19. ↑ IBGE: Economia - PIB per capita (2017). Retrieved March 22, 2020 . 
20. ↑ IBGE: Lucas do Rio Verde - 2018 - Agricultura. Retrieved March 10, 2020 (Portuguese). 
21. ↑ IBGE: Censo Agropecuário 2017 - Resultados definitivos - Lucas do Rio Verde - 2017 -. October 25, 2019, accessed March 10, 2020 (Portuguese).