Ludwigskirche (Freiburg im Breisgau)
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The Ludwigskirche in Neuburg , a district of Freiburg im Breisgau , is the church of the Protestant Ludwigsgemeinde. The Ludwigkirche located in heavy road borders directly on the old cemetery and after Großherzog Ludwig I . named who built the old Ludwigskirche, which was destroyed by bombs in 1944 and was located on today's Habsburgerstrasse / corner of Rheinstrasse. The district of Neuburg is often incorrectly assigned to Herdern , as the term Neuburg is not so anchored in the population.
Old Ludwig Church
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Freiburg im Breisgau, which belonged to Austria until 1806, was predominantly Catholic up to that time. Even during the Thirty Years' War , when Freiburg was occupied by Swedish-Weimar troops (1632 and 1638–1644), Protestant services were also held. After that, the few Protestant Christians belonged to the Haslach parish , as this place belonged to the margraviate of Baden-Durlach and was therefore Lutheran. The Protestant Christians from Freiburg were also buried in the Haslach cemetery.
After Freiburg fell to the Grand Duchy of Baden, a parish office was set up in 1807, which was combined with a university professorship. The first Protestant pastor Gustav Friedrich Wucherer was a professor of physics. Initially, the former All Saints' Monastery in Pfaffengasse (today the Archbishop's Office of Freiburg in Herrenstrasse) was used for the services.
The city of Freiburg wanted to thank Ludwig I for his negotiations with the Vatican, as a result of which the Archdiocese of Freiburg was founded in 1821 . For this purpose, the city council made 15,000 guilders available for the erection of a monument. Ludwig wanted to use this amount to set up a Protestant church.
After considerations of building a new church in the classical style had been rejected, Grand Duke Ludwig donated the church of the former Tennenbach monastery to the Protestant community and commissioned Heinrich Hübsch to plan the Ludwigskirche. The minster " Unsrer liebe Frau zu Tennibach " was built between 1180 and 1230 based on the model of the primary abbey of the Cistercian order Fontenay in Burgundy and stood empty after the monastery was secularized (1806).
Friedrich Eisenlohr was commissioned to measure the abbey church in 1829 and supervised the demolition work in Tennenbach. Before that, however, the bones of the Margraves of Baden and the Princes of Fürstenberg had to be transferred to the Freiburg Minster on December 10, 1829 :
“ Egenon , Margrave of Urach and of Freiburg / died on January 12, 1236 / Agnes, the Countess of Hochberg / the daughter of the Countess of Hohenberg / died on April 18, 1315 / Otto , Count of Hochberg / died on July 22, 1386 / the deceased / their remains with monuments / by order of the holiest and most powerful / Ludovicus Guilielmus Augustus / the great leader of Baden / the leader of the Zähringer / this is as it were rest / once from the monastery of Tennenbach / in this best temple of the Zähringer / were brought for the Lord / on December 10, 1829. "
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The monastery church was demolished stone by stone from 1829 and rebuilt in Freiburg on the corner of today's Habsburgerstrasse and Rheinstrasse as the first own church building of the still young Protestant community in the city. In terms of construction, the church in Freiburg had little in common with the abbey church, for example due to the different uses: In Tennenbach it was a monastery church that gave the rites, liturgical chants and prayers of the monks a worthy space seven times a day; In Freiburg, this church should offer space for a large community with good acoustics. In addition, Hübsch attached particular importance to the fact that what he believed to be a purely Romanesque style of the Tennenbacher Church was cleaned up of later, especially Gothic elements at its new location, by replacing all pointed-arch Gothic windows with neo-Romanesque arched windows or rose windows. Compared to Tennenbach, the Ludwigskirche has been shortened and its floor plan has been widened and, in addition to a heavily modified vaulting inside, a completely new facade with an additional portal. The new 60-meter-high crossing tower designed by Hübsch was especially designed for its urban impact.
After many difficulties that had to be overcome during the construction phase, the Ludwigskirche was inaugurated on June 26th, 1839. In 1856, on behalf of Grand Duke Leopold, an altarpiece was designed in the choir by the court painter Wilhelm Dürr .
On the night of the bombing on November 27, 1944 , the Old Ludwig Church was completely destroyed. A number of stones from the Old Ludwig Church were saved when they were cleared and integrated as mementos in the new building in Starkenstrasse or are placed there on the church square. Parts of the war debris were used for the altar in the Nimburg mountain church .
New Ludwig Church
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After various preliminary considerations, Horst Linde was commissioned with the construction of the new Ludwigskirche, which was then erected between 1952 and 1954 at a different location, namely north of the Old Cemetery . The modern church building is a skeleton structure made of formwork concrete in the form of a hall church . A large part of the outer walls is glazed and decorated with works by the glass designer Harry MacLean . In addition, some fragments recovered from the ruins of the destroyed Ludwigskirche, such as a part from the earlier round arch frieze, were inserted. A few remains of the former Tennenbach monastery church were thus preserved.
The free-standing bell tower in the shape of a campanile has a belfry open to the outside .
In 1995, the Ludwig church received, receives special attention in church music, a new, of Mathis Orgelbau built organ with three manuals and pedal and 41 registers .
Martin Schmeding is titular organist . The Ludwig church parish is the seat of the Freiburg choir.
literature
- Heinrich Schreiber : The Tennenbach Abbey and the Ludwig Church in Freiburg . Freiburg 1863.
- Freiburg im Breisgau (1965): Stadtkreis und Landkreis Official district description. Bd ... Ed. Of Statist. State Office Baden-Württemberg in connection with the city of Freiburg im Breisgau and the district of Freiburg Freiburg: State Statistical Office (The city and districts in Baden-Württemberg) 1. 1. Halbbd. 1965, 556 p. 2. 1st half vol. The municipalities of the district A – K 1972, 621 S. Rombach Freiburg.
- Bernhard Klein: Heinrich Hübsch and the Protestant Ludwig Church, remarks on the reconstruction of the Cistercian monastery church Tennenbach . In: Journal of the Breisgau History Association Schau-ins-Land 101 (1982), pp. 275-298. Freiburg.
- Rainer Humbach: From Tennenbach to Freiburg - the first building of the Ludwigskirche . In: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv 115 (1995) , pp. 279-314.
- Martin Flashar : Historical architecture rediscovered - the history of the old Ludwigskirche continues . In: Held in God's Word - 200 Years of Protestantism in Freiburg. Freiburg 1807-2007 , Schillinger Verlag, Freiburg 2006. ISBN 978-3-89155-324-4 .
- Martin Flashar, Rainer Humbach: Stone on stone. Architectural parts of the old Ludwigskirche are returning , Promo-Verlag Freiburg 2007. ISBN 978-3-923288-57-1
- Ulrich Bayer: The effects of the aerial warfare on parishes in Baden (with contemporary witness reports on the destruction of the Freiburg Ludwigskirche), in: Udo Wennemuth u. a. (Ed.): Suppression-Adaptation-Confession. The Evangelical Church in Baden in the Third Reich and in the post-war period, Karlsruhe 2009.
- Johannes Werner: Testimony and Sign. How the Tennenbach Monastery lives on in Freiburg. In: Badische Heimat 3/2011, pp. 376–380.
- Karl Ritter: The Protestant Ludwig Church in: Baden Architects and Engineers Association: Freiburg im Breisgau. The city and its buildings , HM Poppen & Sohn, Freiburg im Breisgau 1898, pages 357–363
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Karl Schmid, Hans Schadek: Die Zähringer. 2, Impulse and Effect , Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1986, ISBN 3-7995-7041-1 , p. 363
- ^ Edition of the Freiburger Zeitung of December 11, 1829
- ^ Martin Flashar: Ludwigskirche in Freiburg - the story goes on. Badische Zeitung, August 25, 2010, accessed on February 23, 2015 .
- ↑ After the heyday came the end of the monastery , Badische Zeitung, Hans-Jürgen Günther (vacr), April 30, 2011
- ↑ Vines, frescoes, monk chants, Martin Lautenschlager, Evangelisches Pfarramt Nimburg, 2007
- ↑ Disposition of the organ
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 0 '8 " N , 7 ° 51' 31.6" E