Lummenfelsen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
NSG Lummenfelsen on the island of Helgoland

IUCN Category IV - Habitat / Species Management Area

Waterside view of the cliff section of the NSG "Lummenfelsen der Insel Helgoland"

Waterside view of the cliff section of the NSG "Lummenfelsen der Insel Helgoland"

location Heligoland , Pinneberg District , Schleswig-Holstein , Germany
surface 1.1 ha
Identifier NSG 62
WDPA ID 82122
Natura 2000 ID (FFH)
DE-1813-491 (SPA) DE-1813-391 (FFH)
DE-1813-491 (SPA)
Geographical location 54 ° 11 '  N , 7 ° 52'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 11 '11 "  N , 7 ° 52' 24"  E
Lummenfelsen (Schleswig-Holstein)
Lummenfelsen
Sea level from 0 m to approx. 57 m above sea level NN
Setup date May 8, 1964
Aerial view of the cliff section with Langer Anna at the bottom left (2012), NSG outlined in white

The Lummenfelsen nature reserve on the island of Helgoland (NSG identification 62) is located on the western edge of the cliffs of Helgoland in the German Bight . With an area of ​​around 1.1 hectares , it is the smallest nature reserve in Schleswig-Holstein and one of the smallest nature reserves in Germany.

As a sea ​​bird breeding rock, the area is of outstanding importance for several species, including the guillemot that gives it its name . It is considered the nature reserve with the greatest density of breeding birds in Germany.

Area description

It was placed under protection by ordinance of May 8, 1964. The nature reserve comprises a cliff section around 220 meters long and up to 60 meters above sea ​​level . The steep rocks, geologically derived from the red sandstone , are partially deeply cut in this area. Their shape corresponds to the cliff coast , a steep coast subject to erosion with protrusions and bays in between. A protective wall has been running at the foot of the cliffs since the 20th century (see Prussian wall ).

On the lake side, the nature reserve borders directly on the NSG Helgoland rock base . The Pinneberg , the highest point of Heligoland, is adjacent on the land side . The Lange Anna , a free-standing surf pillar and symbol of the island, is only around 200 meters away.

The nature reserve lies within two significantly larger protected areas: The area is part of the FFH area DE-1813-391 Helgoland with the Helgoland rock base and the EU bird sanctuary DE-1813-491 Helgoland sea bird sanctuary . As a result, the Lummenfelsen belong to the European Natura 2000 network of protected areas .

Flora and fauna

On the cliffs, especially in the areas inaccessible to sheep, the wild form of vegetable cabbage , which is otherwise not found in Germany and is called cliff cabbage on the island , grows .

The Heligoland cliffs are the only German breeding ground for the northern gannet , the kittiwake , the fulmar , the razorbill and the guillemot . Most of the breeding sites are in the Lummenfelsen area, but neighboring rocks, for example the Lange Anna, are also used as breeding rocks.

With several thousand breeding pairs each, the most common kittiwakes (about 4800 breeding pairs in 1993 and almost 7100 breeding pairs in 2009) and the guillemot (about 2500 in 1993 and about 2250 in 2009) are most common on the Lummenfelsen. The northern gannet has been breeding on the Lummenfelsen since 1991; since then there has been a strong increase in the population (around 420 breeding pairs in 2009). Fulmar broods were first observed on Heligoland in 1972 (around 110 breeding pairs in 2009). The razorbill is only represented in small numbers (eight breeding pairs in 1993 and 16 in 2009).

natural reserve

The Lummenfelsen have been looked after by the Jordsand association , mainly on a voluntary basis, since 1980 or 1983 . The association observes the animal and plant populations in the nature reserve, offers information in one of the lobster booths and organizes regular guided tours for visitors. Other natural and ornithological as well as scientific organizations, including the Helgoland ornithological station , are also active in the area.

tourism

The nature reserve is accessible via the cliff edge path on the Helgoland Oberland . As in the surrounding area, there are several viewpoints on the protruding rocks. The path and the rocky floodplain at the foot of the cliffs are closed to the public. Views of the nature reserve from the lake are possible as part of boat trips.

See also

Web links

Commons : Lummenfelsen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nature Conservation Concept 2000 (PDF; 4.0 MB) In: Kreis-pinneberg.de. Retrieved August 4, 2016 .
  2. ↑ Note: The claim, which can also be found in several official publications, that it is the smallest nature reserve in Germany, is wrong. There are various smaller NSGs in other federal states ( e.g. Eibenkopf , Wacholderberg ).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h nature reserves "Helgoland rock plinth" and "Lummenfelsen der Insel Helgoland". (PDF; 1.5 MB) In : kreis-pinneberg.de. October 1994, accessed August 4, 2016 (leaflet).
  4. ↑ Ordinance on the nature reserve "Lummenfelsen der Insel Helgoland" of May 8, 1964 . Retrieved January 14, 2015.
  5. ^ A b c d e Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Areas of the State of Schleswig-Holstein (ed.): The breeding birds of Schleswig-Holstein - Red List (5th version) . 2010, ISBN 3-923937-45-8 ( schleswig-holstein.de [PDF; 6.0 MB ; accessed on August 4, 2016]).
  6. ^ On-site Jordsand association: Helgoland
  7. ↑ Death trap plastic waste: climbing on the Helgoland bird rock. (PDF) (No longer available online.) In: helgoland.de. December 9, 2015, archived from the original on April 22, 2016 ; accessed on August 4, 2016 (press release).