Lutheran City Church (Vienna)

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Main portal with facade of the Lutheran City Church
Lutheran town church

The Lutheran City Church is an Evangelical Lutheran church building in Vienna's 1st  district, Inner City .

Location and architecture

The Lutheran City Church is located at Dorotheergasse  18 next to the Reformed City Church and opposite the Dorotheum auction house . It was built in the Renaissance period and has a neoclassical street front. There is a triangular gable on the facade above the main portal. Above this there is a high round arch window, flanked by two pilasters each and crowned by a large triangular gable. The Lutheran City Church does not have a steeple, but is closed off at the top by a bell on the front facade.

The hall church has a transept-like extension with a cross-shaped floor plan. There are galleries on all sides inside the church . The altarpiece by Franz Linder from 1783 is a copy of van Dyck's painting Christ on the Cross , which is kept in the Kunsthistorisches Museum just a few minutes' walk away . Carved choir stalls were added to the altar in 1876. The baptismal font on a column made of stucco lustro has been in the church since 1822. In the rear part of the Lutheran City Church, marble sealing plates have been preserved on the burial niches of the hearts of Empress Anna , Emperor Matthias and Emperor Ferdinand II , who were originally buried here and later transferred to the Loreto Chapel of the Augustinian Church. There are also memorial plaques for the evangelical martyr Caspar Tauber and for Emperor Joseph II in the church.

history

Portrait of Elisabeth of Austria (around 1592). The Queen's Monastery can be seen in the background

The Lutheran City Church was built as the Catholic monastery church of the Königinkloster between 1582 and 1583. This Poor Clare monastery , consecrated to Mary, Queen of Angels , was a foundation of Elisabeth of Austria , a daughter of Emperor Maximilian II and widow of King Charles IX. from France. The queen widow probably founded the monastery as atonement for the night of St. Bartholomew , the massacre of the Huguenots in France, and spent her last years there. The construction plans for the royal monastery originally came from the Italian architect and painter Pietro Ferrabosco , but the construction was carried out by the future court architect Jakob Vivian . The monastery church was consecrated on August 2, 1583.

In the course of the Josephine reforms, the monastery was abandoned in 1782. In the same year, both a Lutheran and a Reformed congregation in Vienna were able to be constituted through the tolerance patent of 1781. The current parish of Vienna Innere Stadt, located in the Lutheran City Church, is the oldest within the Evangelical Superintendent of A. B. Vienna . The Lutheran and the Reformed congregation each bought part of the former royal monastery in 1783. The Reformed community had the Reformed City Church built on its property as the first Protestant church in Vienna to be built. The Lutheran congregation got the central part of the abandoned monastery with the monastery church. Another part of the site was purchased by the banker Johann von Fries , who had today's Palais Pallavicini built there. The former monastery church was converted into the Lutheran town church and expanded. Since, according to the provisions of the tolerance patent, the church was not allowed to be recognizable as such from the outside, the three church towers had to be removed. The Lutheran City Church was consecrated on November 30, 1783.

After minor structural changes, a major renovation was carried out in 1876 by the architect Otto Thienemann . The facade was redesigned in such a way that the church was also recognizable as such from the outside, which was permitted since the Protestant patent of 1861. In the 19th century the composers Franz Lachner and Hermann Graedener were employed as organists of the Lutheran City Church and the important piano maker Andreas Streicher published a new hymn book for the church service. Due to stricter fire regulations after the ring theater fire , the Lutheran town church had to be rebuilt again in 1907. Because a direct exit from the church interior to Dorotheergasse was necessary, the architect Ludwig Schöne had the interior of the church rotated 180 degrees, i.e. the position of the organ and the altar - a procedure that was tested in the neighboring Reformed City Church by architect Ignaz Sowinski as early as 1887 had been. During the Second World War , the Lutheran City Church suffered severe damage, and the facade was completely bombed in 1945. The facade was rebuilt in 1948: simple, with walled-up windows and a striking stone cross on the smooth facade. This redesign was reversed in 1989 and the neoclassical facade was restored in the shape of 1907.

organ

View of the organ

The organ goes back to an instrument that was built in 1808 by the organ builder Friedrich Deutschmann with 20 registers . Only the case and a few pipes have survived from this instrument . The instrument was arranged in the early romantic style . Until 2017 the instrument was reconstructed and expanded by the organ builder Lenter. It has 38 stops on three manual works and a pedal .

I main work C – a 3
1. Drone 16 ′
2. Salicional 16 ′
3. Principal 08th'
4th Viola da gamba 08th'
5. Quintatön 08th'
6th Gemshorn 08th'
7th Great flute 08th'
8th. Octave 04 ′
9. Fugara 04 ′
10. Quint 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
11. Super octave 02 ′
12. third 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
13. Mixture IV 02 ′
14th bassoon 16 ′
15th clarinet 08th'
II Hinterwerk C – a 3
16. Principal 08th'
17th Wooden harmonica 08th'
18th Dolce 08th'
19th Coppel 08th'
20th Principal 04 ′
21st flute 04 ′
22nd Dulciana 04 ′
23. Nasard 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
24. Octav 02 ′
25th Cymbel II 01'
26th Vox humana 08th'
III Physharmonika-Werk C – a 3
27. Physharmonica 16 ′
28. Physharmonica 08th'
29 Drone 08th'
30th Aeoline (from g 0 ) 08th'
Pedals C – f 1
31. Violon bass 16 ′
32. Sub bass 16 ′
33. Principal bass 08th'
34. Octavbass 08th'
35. Violon 08th'
36. Octave 04 ′
37. trombone 16 ′
38. Trumpet bass 08th'
  • Coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
  • Swell steps: Expression Vox humana, Expression Physharmonica, Expression for labial pipes of the 3rd manual
  • Remarks
  1. ↑ Resounding .
  2. ↑ In its own swell housing.

Peal

The bell chamber is located behind the front gable. The bell consists of two bronze bells.

Bell overview Luth. City Church
No Surname volume foundry Casting year Weight diameter
I. Peace bell dis´´ Grassmayr bell foundry 1955 159 kg 65 cm
II Our Father Bell fis´´ Grassmayr bell foundry 1959 96 kg 54 cm

literature

  • Hermann Rassl: The word of the Lord remains forever: 200 years of the Evangelical Church AB Vienna . Evangelical Press Association, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-85073-149-9 .
  • Martin Schlor: The history of the Evangelical Parish AB Wien-Innere Stadt from 1945 to 1985 . Diploma thesis, University of Vienna 1989.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On the history of the organ
  2. ↑ To the disposition ; see. also for disposition on the website of the organ builder Lenter

Web links

Commons : Lutherische Stadtkirche (Vienna)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 23.5 ″  N , 16 ° 22 ′ 6.5 ″  E