Machland (unit of space)

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The Upper Austrian Machland is one of 41 spatial units in Upper Austria .

location

All room units in Upper Austria

The Machland spatial unit is located entirely in the southern part of the Perg district in the Lower Mühlviertel and is part of the Machland region and cultural landscape .

The area of ​​the spatial unit is around 114 km² and extends over around 20 km from west to east. The maximum width is 10 km. The deepest area is around 230  m above sea level. A. near Dornach . The highest area of ​​the area is at the mouth of the Enns at around 250  m above sea level. A.

The following municipal areas have a significant share in the Machland spatial unit (in alphabetical order): Arbing , Baumgartenberg , Mauthausen , Mitterkirchen im Machland , Naarn im Machlande and Saxen .

The Machland spatial unit is surrounded by the following Upper Austrian spatial units (from west to east): Linzer Feld , southern Mühlviertler outskirts , Danube gorge and side valleys and divided into three sub-units:

Demarcation

The demarcation of the Machland spatial unit takes into account geo (morpho) logical / pedological conditions on the one hand and usage criteria such as development, but above all road layout, settlement and forest boundaries on the other. Starting from the confluence of the Enns into the Danube , the western border continues in the direction of Zirking and Schwertberg and from there along the road via Aisthofen to Perg, always on the border with the Lower Terrace of the Bohemian Massif . Between Perg and the Danube, the border again runs along the existing roads via Puchberg, Deiming, Saxen to Dornach. In the south, the border is formed by the state border with Lower Austria.

Characteristic

  • Large flat basin landscape on the Upper Austrian Danube east of Mauthausen between 230 and 240 meters above sea level.
  • The gravel terraces do not show any significant difference in height, so floods that are several kilometers wide can occur. Because of this, the settlement areas are at the foot of the slope of the Bohemian Massif.
  • The Danube is dammed ( Wallsee-Mitterkirchen power station ) and rarely has near-natural sections. The flowing streams (e.g. the back arm of the Naarn , Perger Au ) are partly natural.
  • The wetland is up to 2 km wide and is home to extensive alluvial forests with hybrid poplar , ash and white willow . The alluvial forests are not close to nature. At the edge of the adjacent subunit there are cultural landscape elements (e.g. orchards). In the wetlands there are still many natural and species-rich still waters.
  • The lowland of the Danube tributary has a higher proportion of forest. Here are black alder - and ash forests dominant.
  • The agriculturally used lower terrace is poorly forested (around 10%) and is mainly used for arable farming. There are still rural elements of the cultural landscape. The forests are mostly spruce forests . Remains of semi-arid grassland and rare plant species can still be found in ponds and former gravel pits.
  • The settlements are far from the Danube, only Naarn and Mitterkirchen are near the Danube. Individual farms and small hamlets characterize this area. Strong urban sprawl can be observed in the north and west.
  • The higher-level roads and a railway line (e.g. the B 3 and the Grein - Linz railway line ) cross the spatial unit on an embankment and therefore have a strong fragmenting effect.

literature

  • Office of the Upper Austrian Provincial Government, Nature Conservation Department (Ed.): Nature and Landscape / Guiding Principles for Upper Austria. Volume 11: Machland spatial unit . Linz 2007 ( pdf [accessed February 17, 2017]).

Web links