Magdalena Pauli

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Magdalena Pauli, around 1800

Magdalena Pauli , née Poel (born February 23, 1757 in Archangelsk ; † January 4, 1825 in Bückeburg ), sometimes called "Manon", was a philanthropist living in Altona , sister of the diplomat Piter Poel (1760-1837), wife of the secret Legation councilor and merchant Adrian Wilhelm Pauli (1749–1815) and friend of the merchant and social reformer Caspar Voght (1752–1839; since May 2, 1802 Baron von Voght).

Life

origin

Magdalena Pauli came from a Dutch family who had moved to Russia . Her grandfather Gerrit Claesz Pool was a shipyard master and ship's carpenter at the Oostindische Compagnie in Holland, whose son Jan went to St. Petersburg at the invitation of the Tsar. Her father, Jacobus Poel (1712–1775), rose to become a respected merchant in Arkhangelsk in the 18th century and was very wealthy. Her mother was his second wife (Archangelsk married around 1750, at least before 1753), Magdalena Pauli, née van Brienen, died in Hamburg on October 8, 1763 (daughter of the merchant Rutger van Brienen in Saint Petersburg). After her early death, Magdalena Poel grew up with her younger brother Piter Poel in children's homes and boarding schools. After the death of her father in Zierow (Mecklenburg) in 1775, she inherited goods in Zierow in Mecklenburg and in Rethwisch in Stormarn.

Unreachable lover Heinrich Julius von Lindau

Heinrich Julius von Lindau (1754–1776), who later became a law student in Göttingen, grew up in Hamburg and fell in love with Magdalena, who was only 13 years old. The marriage proposal, apparently directed to Magdalena's father in May 1774, was rejected because of the modest means by Lindau. In May 1775, Lindau moved to Switzerland because of severe lovesickness. The following June he met Goethe at Lavater in Zurich . The rejection of a wealthy merchant's daughter, probably in January 1776, who was related and friends with Goethe, Charlotte von Barckhaus called von Wiesenhütten, later married noble von Oetinger (1756–1823) in Frankfurt am Main, increased his due to the first rejection at Magdalena Poel suffered depression to such an extent that he sought death as a British-Hessian soldier in the American War of Independence as "Werther in a tunic" . As part of a self-chosen suicide mission, he was practically cannon fodder on Manhattan in November 1776 . Goethe's epistolary novel The Sorrows of Young Werther had triggered his longing for death after the twofold lovesickness with Magdalena and then with Charlotte, who was almost the same age.

Loved but ultimately unattainable lover of Caspar Voght

On April 14, 1776, Magdalene Poel married Adrian Wilhelm Pauli, born in Lübeck on February 10, 1749, died there on January 28, 1815. He was a merchant and from November 16, 1775 until he left on December 15, 1802, the Swedish consul in Lübeck . She lived with him at first in Lübeck and in summer on Zierow . The couple had three children: Dina Emilie (1780–1867), Sophia Luise (1785–1864) and Carl Wilhelm Pauli (1792–1879). In 1785 they sold Zierow to Christian Andreas von Biel . In 1786 Adrian Wilhelm Pauli bought the Rondeshagen estate , which was used as a summer residence. In 1794 the family moved their city residence to Altona.

The Hamburg merchant Caspar Voght (later, since May 2, 1802 Baron von Voght; 1752–1839), Piter Poel's closest friend, had fallen in love with Piter Poel's young sister by 1777 at the latest.

Caspar Voght, 1801

“This popular woman was short, not even well built; a dark color covered the not fine skin of her face, extremely nearsighted, her glasses only too often covered her view. The growth of hair and feet were the only things that women found beautiful in her: but features and looks with greater mobility, tenderness of feeling, love and kindness were connected in an almost indescribable way, with wit and humor, with cheerfulness and seriousness. "

- Caspar Voght : Memories II, p. 68.

Regardless of their marriage, Pauli returned this love for Voght. Both discovered many common interests, such as a love of literature, music and dance, and both had a fondness for horses. Pauli and Voght had a close relationship in which they had a significant influence on Voght's reform ideas to create a model estate in Klein Flottbek . The property, acquired on November 21, 1785 and expanded on August 1, 1786 and in 1797, was considered a lover's park ; In honor of Magdalena Pauli, the merchant had transformed the “swampy meadows of some farmers' hooves into a gem of the landscape”, trained and protected the farm workers and thus combined social reform , economic and aesthetic aspects.

"Through her, for her everything was, every point on the high bank of the Elbe, where nature had delighted us, received its monument, every place that had become sacred to me through her word, her gaze."

- Caspar Voght : Voghts, memories II.

The rumors that arose in Hamburg society about the relationship led Magdalena Pauli to temporarily withdraw from the relationship:

"But the voices of the aunts and bases, the anxious care of the prudes, for the good reputation of the woman they envied, became louder and louder."

- Caspar Voght : Voghts, Recollections II, p. 70.

However, both kept in contact with letters and remained connected throughout their lives. They both continued to meet in the so-called Reimarus circle of Johann Albert Heinrich Reimarus and Georg Heinrich Sieveking , which the ideals of the Enlightenment felt obliged and took part in the literary salons of Elise Reimarus . Magdalena Pauli's participation in the freedom festival in Harvestehude in 1790 is mentioned many times .

In 1801 Magdalena Pauli divorced her husband due to a lack of common ground, but she did not marry Caspar Voght. They chose to "suppress the passionate feelings and meet on a friendly basis."

swell

  • Piter Poel : Pictures from the past, according to information from largely unprinted family papers . [Ed. and introduced by Gustav Poel ], Part 1. Pictures from Piter Poels and his friends' life. 1760-1787 . Hamburg 1884.
  • ( Caspar Voght :) Caspar Voght and his Hamburg circle of friends. Letters from an active life . Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1959. 1964. 1967 ( publications by the Association for Hamburg History , Vol. XV, 1-3).
    • Part 1. (Caspar Voght :) Letters from 1792 to 1821 to Magdalena Pauli, b. Poel . Edited by Kurt Detlev Möller. From his estate, ed. by Annelise Tecke. Christians Verlag Hamburg 1959 ( publication of the Association for Hamburg History , Vol. XV, 1).
  • Caspar Voght: life story . Edited by Charlotte Schoell-Glass. Christians Verlag, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-7672-1344-3 .

Research literature

Alfred Aust: I had a fine lot. Love and friendship in the life of Baron Caspar von Voght . Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1972, pp. 11–38: "The great love. Voght and Magdalena Pauli".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Her passionate admirer Caspar Voght later named the wife, who had been married on April 14, 1776, and who was ultimately unreachable for him despite her love in return, after the heroine Manon Lescaut of the novel Histoire du Chevalier Des Grieux et de Manon (1731) penned by the French writer Antoine -François Prévost d'Exiles . - See Alfred Aust: I had a fine lot. Love and friendship in the life of Baron Caspar von Voght . Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1972, p. 18.
  2. ^ Website of the Poel family .
  3. ↑ Cf. Piter Poel : Pictures from the past, according to information from largely unprinted family papers . [Ed. and introduced by Gustav Poel ], Part 1. Pictures from Piter Poels and his friends' life. 1760-1787 . Hamburg 1884, p. 148: “Already at the age of fourteen she had given a young Mr. L. [ie Heinrich Julius von Lindau] instilled a violent passion [...]. ”- See Reinhard Breymayer : Goethe, Oetinger and no end. Charlotte Edle von Oetinger, née von Barckhaus-Wiesenhütten, as Werther "Fräulein von B .." . Heck, Dußlingen 2012, pp. 13. 60–63.
  4. ↑ This sister of the painter Louise von Panhuys became the wife of the Wetzlar Reich Chamber Court Assessor Lic. Iur on September 9, 1784 in Frankfurt am Main. Eberhard Christoph Ritter and Edlen von Oetinger (1743–1805), a nephew of the famous Württemberg prelate Friedrich Christoph Oetinger . See Reinhard Breymayer: Prelate Oetinger's nephew Eberhard Christoph v. Oetinger, in Stuttgart Freemason and Superior of the Illuminati, in Wetzlar a judge at the Imperial Court of Justice - was his wife, Charlotte, nee, related to Goethe. v. Barckhaus, a role model for Werther's "Fräulein v. B ..."? 2nd, improved edition, Heck, Tübingen 2010.
  5. ^ On Heinrich Julius von Lindau, furthermore, Breymayer: Goethe, Oetinger , pp. 13–29. 53-82. 93-122. 143.
  6. ^ Homepage Rondeshagen.com: Adrian Wilhelm Pauli
  7. ↑ See Susanne Woelk: The Stranger Among Friends. Biographical studies on Caspar von Vogth . Weidmann, Hamburg 2000, pp. 193–197 on Voght's love affair with Magdalena Pauli, here p. 195: "There is much to be said for the formative role of Magdalena Pauli, which Voght had occupied since 1777 at the latest, when he initiated Georg Heinrich Sieveking into his feelings . "
  8. ↑ Zeit online: I see nothing but happy, quiet activity , article from May 11, 2010 , accessed on August 16, 2016.
  9. ↑ Homepage Rondeshagen.com: Magdalena Pauli & Baron Caspar von Voght
personal data
SURNAME Pauli, Magdalena
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Poel, Magdalena; Manon; Menon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philanthropist
DATE OF BIRTH February 23, 1757
PLACE OF BIRTH Arkhangelsk
DATE OF DEATH January 4, 1825
Place of death Buckeburg