Vincenzo Maria Coronelli

Vincenzo Maria (or Marco) Coronelli (born August 16, 1650 in Venice ; † December 9, 1718 there ) was a famous cartographer , cosmographer and manufacturer of globes .

Life

Coronelli was born the son of a tailor and trained as a carpenter . In 1665 he joined the Franciscan Minorites and went to the monastery of San Nicoletto. At the age of 16 he published a perpetual calendar . In Rome he studied theology , mathematics and cosmography , in 1673 he received his doctorate in theology . He then became a religious provincial in Venice.

In 1678 he went to Parma and became secretary to Duke Ranuccio II Farnese . He created a pair of globes for him with a diameter of 175 cm, which has not been preserved. From 1681 to 1683 he made the Coronelli globes , a terrestrial and a celestial globe, with a diameter of 384 cm for the French King Louis XIV . Today they are in the possession of the French National Library , in the entrance area of the Bibliothèque François-Mitterrand.

In 1684 he returned to Venice. In that year Coronelli founded the world's first geographical society, the Accademia cosmografica degli argonauti , chaired by the Doge Marcantonio Giustinian . In 1685 he was appointed cosmographer of the Republic of Venice . In 1693 his society already had 261 members, including the Polish King Jan III. Sobieski . He traveled to Paris again to create miniaturized replicas of the globes with Jean Baptiste Nolin. The smallest had a diameter of 8.5 cm and served as travel globes, while larger ones could be dismantled.

Atlante Veneto , Vol. 1, Venice 1696

In 1691 he published the Atlante Veneto in Venice , a work of 200 maps with detailed descriptions in the format 60 × 40 cm. In 1692 and 1694 he published his two-volume geographic main work, the Corso geografico universale, ó sia la terra divisa nelle sue parti . It consisted of 260 cards in the format 40.5 × 51 cm. From 1696 to 1697 he continued the Atlante Veneto with his Isolario , which was dedicated to the Mediterranean . In 1696 he traveled through the empire to London .

Vincenzo Maria Coronelli also created the first encyclopedia in Italian; the Biblioteca universale sacro-profana . It appeared in Venice, but remained incomplete. Of the work, originally set up to 45 volumes with 350,000 keywords, only the first seven volumes (A-Caque) with 35,000 keywords were published. The first, Pope Clement XI , appeared in 1701 . dedicated band. In the end, Coronelli had a print run of 40,000 copies. The 700 to 800-page volumes appeared between 1701 and 1709 in the Venetian printer A. Tivani. The work is considered a model for the French encyclopedists .

Coronelli was also interested in hydrology . So he developed plans for the regulation of the Adige , the protection of the Venetian lagoon , bridges and canals. He is also considered to be a possible inventor of the dry dock . Coronelli suggested protecting the island of Pellestrina with masonry made of stone blocks. He did not live to see the construction of the “ murazzi ” under the architect Bernardino Zendrini .

Portrait of Coronelli from 1710

1701-1704 was Coronelli General of the Order of Friars Minor, but was after battling papal transfer the Papal States had left by Pope Clement XI. deposed, even if he was allowed to hold the title for another three years. Now that he has finally returned to Venice, he published, alongside the Procuratori di S. Marco (Venice 1705), a history of this institution from the Middle Ages to the present, a Cronologia universale (1707), which lists the most important events since 4000 BC. Performed. Then 27 of the planned 45 volumes of the Teatro della guerra appeared between 1706 and 1709; they contained about 2000 tablets. Also Gli Ordini religiosi ed equestri , a work on religious and military orders, remained incomplete. Three volumes were published between 1707 and 1715.

1717 he was by Emperor Karl VI. Appointed to Vienna to develop plans for regulating the Danube . He received the title of Commissario Perpetuo del Danubio .

In 1718 Coronelli returned to Venice, where he died at his desk on December 9, 1718. His possessions were scattered and the Accademia degli Argonauti did not survive its founder for long.

Works

A Coronelli celestial globe in the State Hall of the Austrian National Library

Atlante Veneto , 1691–1696
Lo Specchio del Mare , 1698
Morea, Negroponte & Adiacenze , 1686
Ritratti de celebri Personaggi , 1697
Roma antico-moderna , 1716
Singolarita di Venezia , 1708-1709

In Austria there are two Coronelli globes each in the State Hall of the Austrian National Library - in the Abbey Library of Melk and in the Abbey Library of Vorau .

In Germany you can see two well-preserved Coronelli globes, a celestial and a terrestrial globe from 1688 and 1693, with a diameter of over one meter in the Trier City Library . In September 2006, the Koblenz City Library organized an exhibition on the 58 Coronelli cards found in its historical inventory.

The International Coronelli Society for Globe Studies, founded in 1952, was named after him because of his services to the world .

literature

Giacinto Gimma: Descrizione compendiosa degli 45 tomi in foglio della biblioteca universale del PM Coronelli da Venezia , Francesco Gonzaga, Rome 1704 ( digital copy ).

Ermanno Armao: Vincenzo Coronelli, cenni sull 'uomo e la sua vita . Catalog, Bibliopolis, Florence 1944.

Giovanni L. Andrissi: Il cosmografo Vincenzo Coronelli e l'astronomia nel seicento , Editrice "Miscellanea francescana," 1951.

Lorenzo Di Fonzo: La produione letteraria del P. Vincenzo Coronelli, OFM Conv. (1650-1718) , Editrice "Miscellanea francescana", 1951.

Augusto De Ferrari: Coronelli, Vincenzo. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 29: Cordier-Corvo. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1983.

Maria Gioia Tavoni: Un intellettuale europeo e il suo universo. Vincenzo Coronelli (1650-1718) , Studio Costa, 1999.

Ulrich Theuerkauf: A treasure find in the tome room . in: To establish a library in our city too . Catalog for the anniversary exhibition of the Koblenz City Library edited by Bernd Schmeißer, Koblenz City Library 2002.

Web links

Commons : Vincenzo Coronelli - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ It was presented to the public in 2006 after 58 sheets from it had been rediscovered in Koblenz : The Corso geografico universale by Vincenzo M. Coronelli in the old stock of the Koblenz City Library, exhibition from September 17 to October 20, 2006.

personal data
SURNAME	Coronelli, Vincenzo Maria
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Coronelli, Vincenzo Marco
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Italian cartographer, cosmographer and manufacturer of globes
DATE OF BIRTH	August 16, 1650
PLACE OF BIRTH	Venice
DATE OF DEATH	December 9, 1718
Place of death	Venice

[1] It was presented to the public in 2006 after 58 sheets from it had been rediscovered in Koblenz : The Corso geografico universale by Vincenzo M. Coronelli in the old stock of the Koblenz City Library, exhibition from September 17 to October 20, 2006.