Maria Zell (Kirchenthumbach)

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The Roman Catholic mountain and pilgrimage church Maria Zell in the Upper Palatinate municipality of Kirchenthumbach in the Neustadt an der Waldnaab district belongs to the "Parish of the Assumption" of Kirchenthumbach.

history

The church was donated in 1714 by Johann Friedrich Eisenhut , imperial mounting supplier, who was attacked by road robbers on October 17, 1714 while traveling from Vienna to Graz on the Wienerberg and, in his distress, vowed to make a miraculous image after the Mariazell Mother of God and in to donate a church to be built near Thumbach. This story is told on a votive picture attached to today's choir parapet of the church.

Although the church bills are missing, it is assumed that the church was built under Pastor Nebenhög . At the time of its founding, the chapel was very simply furnished, with the miraculous image being the most important piece of equipment. There was also a wooden offering box . Masses were not allowed to be celebrated back then. The offering box has been robbed several times, so it was decided to knock it out with sheet metal, put a screw lock on it and fix it better. The youngest sister of Johann Friedrich Eisenhut named Kunigunda (baptized on April 1, 1686) married into the Vichtel family and took over the care of the chapel during her lifetime.

After the death of the founder, the concern for the chapel fell to the community. From offerings and a foundation from the widow Schwemmer , two churches were decayed and the market clerk was rewarded with 15 kreuzers per year each. As the church soon became a popular place of pilgrimage, the desire arose that mass should also be read here. The diocese of Regensburg only wanted to allow this if the chapel was expanded. Since the church had a fortune of 130 guilders and a further 216 guilders came together through a collection (185 guilders were borrowed at low interest), the work began in 1753 under Pastor Weißbach . In 1756 the shell was finished, but had devoured 1,320 guilders; the Landsasse von Metzenhof and other citizens participated in a foundation fund, which should be removed through annual collections.

The original chapel was not demolished but converted into a sacristy . In addition to the first items of equipment, a large rococo altar , a pulpit, two confessionals and prayer chairs, made by the carpenter Johann Eckmann from Kemnath , were added. In 1759 Prussian soldiers marching through donated a small amount of money to the church and two Italians donated a brass traffic light . The church was consecrated on October 21, 1760, with the exception of Sundays and public holidays, services could now be held, and special permission was granted for the Sunday after the birth of Mary . From Rome there also came the concession of an annual full indulgence . In 1765, the citizens built a better path up the mountain and planted twelve linden trees. In 1777 the master carpenter Valentin Hammer was commissioned to make a roof turret. Bell founder Johann Silvius Kleeblatt from Amberg delivered two bells, weighing 216 pounds together and just as expensive.

A flourishing pilgrimage developed to the church, which raised plenty of money. In 1790 it was planned to build a way of the cross to the church; this could not be realized at the time, because on August 26, 1790 French troops passed through and plundered all the church money. In addition, the church was broken into several times in 1793 and the sacrificial boxes were robbed. In 1800 the mountain church was temporarily converted into a powder magazine, the image of grace was transferred to the parish church of Kirchenthumbach and the numerous services of the mountain church, including the papal indulgence, were also transferred to the parish church. In 1852, due to a vow made by a woman Katharina Diepold , the construction of a way of the cross to the mountain church began. The painter Seitz from Auerbach delivered the 14 pictures painted on cast plates, the master bricklayer Schwemmer delivered the stones, further linden trees were planted and the started all up to the 1st station of the cross was completed. The Way of the Cross was inaugurated on July 23, 1865. In 1962 the Kirchenthumer Lindenallee was elevated to a national natural monument.

Interior

The altar, pulpit, pews and confessionals are works of the Rococo . The main altar with two columns shows in the middle a copy of the Virgin Mary from Mariazell in Styria . Its frame contains five angel heads and a halo. In the altarpiece is a representation of St. Trinity . Next to the altar are figures of St. George and St. Florian . On the back wall of the pulpit is a picture of Jesus the Good Shepherd .

In two niches in the entrance area there are newer statues of the Immaculate Mary and St. Theresa of the Child of Jesus . In 2013 a statue of St. Joseph with baby Jesus, created in 1932 by the sculptor Maximilian Roider from Regensburg for the old parish church, placed in front of the pulpit.

The church was renovated in 1937, with frescoes explaining the origins of the pilgrimage, the attack on the traveler Friedrich Eisenhut in 1714. Four angels making music and 14 monochrome symbols of the Lauretanian litany were created by the painter Josef Wittmann . A pilgrimage scene to the church is depicted above the organ, in the center of the picture the Mariazell Mother of God, carried by two angels, is depicted.

The windows in the chancel were made by the court glass painting company Georg Schneider . The pictures represent St. Konrad and St. Notburga . The boy in the retinue of St. Konrad is Karl Schmidt , who was seriously injured in a motorcycle accident in 1933 and died in 1935.

Construction

The mountain church is a 20 m long and eleven m wide hall church with a gable roof . The height to the eaves is six meters. The choir is rounded on the sides, the church has a roof turret with an onion dome . The attached sacristy (5 × 4.25 m) is the original Maria-Zell-Chapel from 1714. On the east side there is a baroque facade with visible ashlar stones, the entrance portal, four round windows and the figure of the Virgin Mary set in the middle of the masonry.

In 1958 the church was renovated again, a new roof turret with an onion dome was added and two steel bells from 1921 were hung. On the front facade is a niche with a stone Maria from 1767. A comprehensive interior and exterior renovation took place between 1995 and 1997.

On the Sunday after the birth of the Virgin Mary, the mountain festival is celebrated here with a light procession.

organ

The first organ was delivered from Ebnath in 1764 . The console from 1907 comes from the organ building company Martin Binder & Sohn from Regensburg. The organ has a manual and four sounding registers.

literature

  • Paulinus Fröhlich: Kirchenthumbach: Contributions to the history and cultural history of the market Kirchenthumbach. Pp. 89-97. Laßleben, Kallmünz 1951.
  • Fritz Fürk: For the two hundred and seventy-five year anniversary of the “Maria-Hilf-Bergkirche” in Kirchenthumbach . Kirchenthumbach 1989.
  • Churches of the parish of the Assumption of Mary, Kirchenthumbach. Pp. 8-9. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-7954-6973-3 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Parish of Mariä Himmelfahrt Kirchenthumbach , accessed on February 17, 2020.
  2. ↑ Norbert Wilterius; Michael Biersack: Johann Friedrich Eisenhut (1667–1749): The founder on the trail of Kirchenthumbach / Opf. to Vienna. Verlag Eckhard Bodner, Pressath 2017, p. 19.

Coordinates: 49 ° 44 ′ 41.4 "  N , 11 ° 43 ′ 16.6"  E