Johann Friedrich Eisenhut

Johann Friedrich Eisenhut, depicted with the Viennese council hat

Johann Friedrich Eisenhut (born May 13, 1667 in Kirchenthumbach , † June 17, 1749 in Vienna ) was an Upper Palatinate tailor , purveyor to the court of Vienna and founder .

origin

Johann Friedrich was the eldest son of nine children of Georg and Margareta Eisenhut , who probably came from Schlammersdorf . This had settled in Thumbach in 1667 after the Thirty Years War . After his military service as Fourier in Kirchenthumbach, Georg Eisenhut bought the deserted house No. 6 right next to the parish church , on which a craftsman lay justly so that he was allowed to practice the tailoring trade.

Advancement in Vienna

Johann Friedrich learned the tailoring trade from his father and to his teaching and journeyman in the manner prescribed for Schneider roll made that it eventually led to Vienna. Vienna was a thriving city after the victory over the Turks in 1683. Here on April 16, 1690, at the age of 23, he married the tailor widow Maria Monica Lechner , third wife of the late tailor Philipp Lechner . This gave him the opportunity to practice his trade as a master craftsman in Vienna and to acquire citizenship in 1691. The couple quickly had children ( Anna Susanna Teresia , baptism entry from February 21, 1691; Christian Anton , baptism entry from 6 October 1692; Johannes Friedrich , baptism entry from 6 March 1695; Johannes Andreas Joseph , baptism entry from 6 March 1695). After the death of his first wife († June 28, 1698), he married Anna Catharina Mannlin on February 3, 1699 , daughter of a "middle-class grocer ". On the one hand, he was a shopkeeper, but also a busy businessman with excellent social connections. The marriage resulted in eight children, of which the youngest Ferdinand Anton Wolfgang (baptism entry on October 19, 1714) later became his sole heir. The grocer's daughter Anna Catharina died on April 18, 1722 at the age of 47.

Presumably through his father-in-law's relationship, he reached a supply contract with the imperial court chamber in 1718 . The contract of April 4, 1718 was signed by Count Franz Wolfgang Anton Josef Eustach von Starhemberg and the President of the Court Chamber Johann Franz Anton Count Walsegg . For the campaign to Hungary, a large amount of Austrian mountain wine, lager and grain brandy, then food such as butter, lard, semolina, dried fruit and spices were to be delivered. The value of the goods required was 48,290 guilders and 36 kreuzers . On the one hand, the contract promised great profit, but on the other hand it contained a number of risks, e.g. B. the delivery dates were precisely set and the goods had to be carried to the war zones at your own risk; In addition, the court chamber's payment behavior was not the best, so that unfinished monetary claims by Eisenhut against the imperial court chamber are documented again and again . From Eisenhut is also known that large quantities of uniforms at the regiment of Wilhelm Reinhard von Neipperg or 1722 to that of Jung-down (meaning Heinrich Joseph von Daun ) were delivered. These regiments consisted of 2,000 to 3,000 soldiers who had to be equipped with outfits. From April 30, 1729, there is a report in the Vienna Diarium about the master tailor who set out with 20 journeymen on his own ship to Orșova to re-clothe an imperial regiment.

After his first marriage in 1699, Johann Friedrich lived in Vienna for rent in the inner city opposite the Bischofshof . After 1700 two houses in the Schottenviertel (near the Arsenal ) apparently came into his possession, from May 19, 1717 to 1743 also the property Singerstraße 8 and from 1726 to 1730 a hunting lodge in the Prater . He himself stayed in the so-called Pentenried house behind St. Stephen's Cathedral . In 1717 he was appointed to the "Outer City Council".

Foundations and estates

He belonged (at times also as rector ) to the "Brotherhood of the 72 Disciples of Christ", belonging to the Vienna Cathedral Chapter . In 1709 this brotherhood decided to build a calvary in Hernals , which had been destroyed in the Turkish war. The money for this (82,000 guilders) came from Johann Friedrich Eisenhut and his rectorate colleague Georg Neuhauser , brandy distiller and member of the Outer Council of the City of Vienna. The Kalvarienberg (today Kalvarienbergkirche (Vienna) ) became the destination of a popular pilgrimage from St. Stephen's Cathedral to Hernals.

Johann Friedrich is also considered the founder of a chapel (today the Maria Zell pilgrimage church ) near Kirchenthumbach. The occasion was an attack that was perpetrated on him and his fellow traveler Ferdinand Nothelfer ("visor cutter", i.e. mask and hood cutter) on the Wienerberg during a trip to Graz . According to the inscription on the votive picture in the Kirchenthumbach church, which has been handed down several times , the attack should have taken place in 1714, but according to an entry in the miracle book of the Austrian Mhyrrenberg already on April 15, 1704, the Lower Austrian Maria Taferl is mentioned here and not the Styrian Mariazell as reported in the Kirchenthumbach sources. After completion of the chapel in Kirchenthumbach by his brother-in-law Johann Vichtl , Johann Friedrich Eisenhut had a miraculous image of the Maria Zeller Madonna sent to Kirchenthumbach. The youngest sister of Johann Friedrich Eisenhut named Kunigunda (baptized on April 1, 1686) married into the Vichtel family and took over the care of the chapel during her lifetime. His travel companion Ferdinand Nothelfer donated a two hundredweight bell to the church in Lichtenthal and had it consecrated in honor of the Fourteen Holy Helpers . By the way, the seven muggers were caught and beheaded on July 20, 1706.

In the will drawn up on January 14, 1747, it is stated in detail that he delivered outfits for various regiments for the sum of 131,914 guilders. It also refers to outstanding payments by the court chamber and the outstanding interest payments on its loans. With the exception of various legacies, he bequeathed his fortune to his youngest son Ferdinand Wolfgang von (sic!) Eisenhut . The will also includes a legacy to build 19 small chapels on a church path or a pilgrimage to Maria Trost, which were supposed to represent the rosary when the outstanding debts are paid. The individual structures for this and the course of the pilgrimage were described in detail; it is not known whether these were ever realized.

The suggestion made by the editor F. Rudolf of the Vienna Reichspost on January 5, 1894, that the street names leading to the Kalvarienberg should be changed in favor of Neuhauser and Eysenhut , was not complied with.

literature

• Norbert Wilterius; Michael Biersack: Johann Friedrich Eisenhut (1667–1749): the founder on the trail of Kirchenthumbach / Opf. to Vienna. Verlag Eckhard Bodner, Pressath 2017, ISBN 978-3-947247-07-3 .

Web links

• Johann Friedrich Eisenhut in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna

Individual evidence

1. ^ Paulinus Fröhlich: Kirchenthumbach: Contributions to the history and cultural history of the market Kirchenthumbach. Laßleben, Kallmünz 1951, p. 89.
2. ^ Fritz Fürk: For the two hundred and seventy-five year anniversary of the "Maria-Hilf-Bergkirche" in Kirchenthumbach. Kirchenthumbach 1989, p. 6.
3. ↑ Believers celebrate the “Birth of Mary” mountain church thanks to Eisenhut. In: Onetz . September 6, 2017, accessed February 19, 2020.
4. ↑ Norbert Wilterius & Michael Biersack, 2017, p. 80.