Marianne Hainisch

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Marianne Hainisch 1872
Memorial plaque for Marianne Hainisch in Rahlgasse (Vienna-Mariahilf)
Memorial plaque above the entrance gate of Marianne Hainisch's house in Rochusgasse

Marianne Hainisch (née Perger ; born March 25, 1839 Baden ( Lower Austria ); † May 5, 1936 Vienna ) was the founder and leader of the women's movement in Austria and the mother of the future Federal President Michael Hainisch .

Life

The fact that the industrialist wife and mother of two became a pioneer of the Austrian women's movement goes back to the social hardship of a befriended family. The man had gone bankrupt due to the cotton crisis after the Civil War and his wife could not find employment that corresponded to "the social position of the man". She was also denied professional training.

Hainisch joined the Vienna Women's Employment Association , which was founded in 1866. It served the purpose of training women of the lower middle class professionally in economic and craft areas in order to protect them from impoverishment. Often it was difficult to find well-paid work due to prejudices about women's employability.

As a member of the Association for Advanced Women's Education , Hainisch demanded the establishment of secondary schools for girls and the admission of women to university studies in 1870 . She founded a six-class lyceum from private funds , which was granted public rights in 1891. In 1892 the first grammar school for girls in German-speaking countries was built. The first girls' class was set up in the rooms of the grammar school at Hegelgasse 12. In 1910 the school moved to the building at Rahlgasse 4 . In 1902 Hainisch founded the Federation of Austrian Women's Associations , of which she was chairman until 1918. In 1903 he was recognized as the official representative of the International Women's Council in Austria. In 1909 she was elected Vice President of the Women's World Federation. Before the First World War , she worked for welfare and in the peace movement with Bertha von Suttner , after whose death in 1914 she took over the leadership of the Peace Commission in the Federation of Austrian Women's Associations.

As a member of the bourgeois democratic workers' party , she ran for parliament in 1919, but did not win the election. Nevertheless, Hainisch is continuously involved in the political field to stand up for women's rights. Under Hainisch's leadership, the Austrian Women's Party was founded in 1929 , "which should finally enable women to exercise their right to vote to assert their just claims."

Marianne Hainisch is considered to be the initiator of Mother's Day in Austria , which has been celebrated in Austria since 1924. She died of natural causes in 1936 at the age of 97 and was buried in Eichberg .

In 1976 a memorial was erected for her in her native Baden . In 2002 the Marianne-Hainisch-Gasse in Vienna- Landstrasse (3rd district) was named after her.

Fonts (selection)

  • On the question of women's education, lecture given at the third general assembly of the Vienna Women's Acquisition Association, 1870 full text online.
  • Woman's question of bread, 1875 full text online.
  • A mother's word about the women's question; Lecture given on February 1, 1892 in Vienna in the “Association for Extended Women's Education”, 1892 full text online.
  • Seers, witches, and the delusions about women in the 19th century, 1896
  • Women's work, 1911 full text online.
  • The mother, 1913 full text online.
  • New edition on the 80th anniversary of Hainisch's death , ed. by Thierry Elsen and Simone Stefanie Klein. Provided with a critical comment (T. Elsen), an annotated part of the picture (S. Klein), as well as a preface by Eleonore Hauer-Rona. edition libica, Vienna 2016, ISBN 978-3-903137-03-5
  • The book of the house. Modern information system for all members of the household, 1932.
  • Autobiography (1929), in: Elga Kern (Ed.): Leading Women in Europe , Munich 1999 [1928], pp. 15–21

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Isabella Lechner: The mother of Mother's Day . In: Wiener Zeitung . No. 92 , May 10, 2014, p. 19 ( online [accessed December 12, 2019]).
  2. ↑ A women's party . In: Baden newspaper . No. 9 , January 29, 1930, p. 2 , col. 3 ( Online [accessed December 12, 2019]).
  3. ↑ Permalink Austrian Library Association .

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Hainisch, Marianne
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Perger, Marianne (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian founder and leader of the Austrian women's movement
DATE OF BIRTH March 25, 1839
PLACE OF BIRTH Baden near Vienna , Lower Austria
DATE OF DEATH May 5, 1936
Place of death Vienna