Michael Hainisch

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Michael Hainisch (1928)

Michael Arthur Josef Jakob Hainisch (born August 15, 1858 in Aue near Schottwien , Austrian Empire , † February 26, 1940 in Vienna ) was an independent Austrian social and economic politician and from 1920 to 1928 Federal President of the Republic of Austria . He replaced Karl Seitz as head of state.

Life

Michael Hainisch was the son of the Austrian women's rights activist Marianne Hainisch , b. Perger, who married into the Hainisch industrial family in 1857 and lived with her husband, Michael, on the property of the Aue cotton spinning mill near Schottwien. Hainisch was born in the manor house that belongs to the company and was probably completed in 1788 .

After his legal studies at the Universities of Leipzig and Vienna (1882 doctorate in law. In Vienna), he studied in Berlin economics at Adolph Wagner and Gustav von Schmoller (with him in the seminar was sitting Hermann Bahr ) and was from 1886 to 1890 in the Imperial civil service active. Then he dealt with agricultural and socio-political problems and used the estate at Spital am Semmering , which his wife Emilie Auguste Figdor had given him, as a model company for practical solutions - his breeding cow "Bella" became famous with record milk production.

In Vienna he worked as a popular educator and co-founded the Vienna Central Library and the German Gymnastics Association (1890). He supported Ludo Moritz Hartmann's initiative to found Austria's first adult education center . On December 2, 1900, a call for the constitution of a people 's university was published, which he signed like Ernst Mach , Rosa Mayreder and Julius Tandler . Due to his ideology, liberal and large-German, he is counted among the Austrian Fabians , but remained independent despite his proximity to the Greater German People's Party . In 1918 he became a general councilor of the Austro-Hungarian Bank , the central bank of Austria-Hungary , which fell apart in the same year .

Bronze medal from Federal President Michael Hainisch, 1920 (no year). Artist Grete Hartmann , née Chrobak, 1869–1946

Michael Hainisch was elected the first Federal President of the Republic of Austria by the Federal Assembly (National Council and Federal Council in joint session) on December 9, 1920 at the suggestion of the Christian Socialists , who had not passed their own candidate Viktor Kienböck , and remained so after his re-election in 1924 until December 10, 1928. He replaced Karl Seitz, who had served as President of the National Assembly from his election to this function on March 5, 1919 until Hainisch was sworn in as head of state without holding a title in this regard. Previously, from October 30, 1918, the three presidents of the Provisional National Assembly with equal rights had jointly exercised this function.

Until 1929, the Federal President's office was not yet endowed with the rights that the 1929 constitutional amendment conferred on it; The Federal Government was elected by parliament at that time (as had been the case since 1949, for example, the German Chancellor) and not, as was the case from 1930, appointed by the Federal President.

Due to his correct administration, Hainisch was recognized by all political camps. He was a promoter of agriculture, the electrification of railways, tourism, Austro-German trade, rural customs and the creation of a monument protection law. After his second term of office as Federal President, he acted in 1929/1930 as a non-party trade minister in the Federal Government of Schober III of Federal Chancellor Johann Schober .

In 1938 Michael Hainisch, like the respected social democrat Karl Renner , spoke out as a convinced Greater German for the "connection" of Austria to the German Reich .

Hainisch owned u. a. an honorary doctorate from the University of Innsbruck and was an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences .

Michael Hainisch died in the 19th district of Vienna in the house Perntergasse 17 in the area called Hohe Warte . He was buried to rest in the family crypt on the northwest slope of the Schafkogel in Eichberg (municipality of Gloggnitz) in Lower Austria.

Hainisch crypt in Eichberg near Gloggnitz

Works

  • The future of the German Austrians. A statistical and economic study. 1892.
  • The struggle for existence and social politics. 1899.
  • Home work in Austria. Reports to the International Association for Statutory Labor Protection . 1906.
  • The emergence of the interest on capital. 1907.
  • Some new figures on the statistics of German Austrians. 1909.
  • The grain monopoly. 1916.
  • Is the interest on capital justified? Requirements and limits of socialism. 1919.
  • Economic conditions in German-Austria. 1919. (Reprinted 1992).
  • The internal colonization in German Austria. 1920.
  • The rural exodus, its nature and its fight within the framework of an agricultural reform. 1924.
  • Speech at the doctorate for an honorary doctorate in political science. 1925.
  • -, Norbertine Bresslern-Roth (Ill.): From my life. 1930.
  • - (Ed.): Cattle breeding with pasture and manure farm on the Gut Jauern. A practical example for the rural alpine country. 1931.
  • Speeches and treatises on agricultural policy and agriculture. 1932.
  • -, Norbertine Bresslern-Roth (Ill.): Was Z'samklábt's. 1935.
  • -, Friedrich Weissensteiner (arr.): 75 years from eventful times. Memories of an Austrian statesman. 1978.

literature

Web links

Commons : Michael Hainisch  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manfred Hösch: Location typology of industrial enterprises in the district under the Vienna Woods to 1850. Dissertation. Technical University of Vienna, Baden bei Wien 1984, text volume, p. 440 and 456, online (PDF; 17 MB) ; Photo book, plans 5 and 6, online (PDF; 11 MB) .
  2. ↑ Hermann Bahr: Critique of the Present . Haas & Grabherr, Augsburg 1922, pp. 293-296. (Full text online)
  3. ↑ Honorary doctorates from Innsbruck University. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Abendblatt, No. 23054/1928, November 19, 1928, p. 1, bottom left. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfp;
    The Innsbruck honorary doctorate for Dr. Hainisch and Dr. Hero. In:  Neue Freie Presse , Morgenblatt, No. 23055/1928, November 20, 1928, p. 6, center right. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfp.
  4. ^ Michael Hainisch in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna
  5. ↑ Charles Scolik (photo):  Our Federal President as a farmer. Pictures of the model estate Jauern am Semmering. In:  Wiener Bilder , No. 41/1928 (XXXIIIth year), October 7, 1928, p. 8 f. (Online at ANNO ). Template: ANNO / Maintenance / wrb.

Remarks

  1. ↑ (...) one of the most handsome mansions from the time of Maria Theresa. Its dimensions are large: front length 49 m, house depth 13 m, cornice height on the slope 8 m, built-up area 700 m² and enclosed space 7,500 m³ (...)  - From: Johann Gloggnitzer: Johann Gloggnitzer tells of Gloggnitz and the surrounding area , municipality of Gloggnitz, Gloggnitz 1971, P. 85, OBV .
    After 1908, under new ownership, the multi-storey manorial building was run as a guesthouse for decades . Today, 2014, large parts of the outer walls of the manor house still exist. ( )World icon
personal data
SURNAME Hainisch, Michael
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hainisch, Michael Arthur Josef Jakob (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian Federal President
DATE OF BIRTH August 15, 1858
PLACE OF BIRTH Aue near Schottwien
DATE OF DEATH February 26, 1940
Place of death Vienna