Alexander Van der Bellen

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Alexander Van der Bellen (2019)
Signature of Alexander Van der Bellen

Alexander Van der Bellen (born January 18, 1944 in Vienna ), often unofficially known by the first name Sascha or the abbreviation VdB , is an Austrian economist , politician ( non-party , until 2016 the Greens ) and since January 26, 2017 Federal President of the Republic Austria .

From 1976 to the 1990s he taught as a university professor for economics in Innsbruck and Vienna . From 1997 to 2008 he was federal spokesman for the Greens and from 1999 to 2008 club chairman of his party in the Austrian National Council , to which he had been a member since 1994. From 2012 to 2015 he was a member of the Vienna City Council and State Parliament .

Life

Origin and youth

The ancestors of Alexander Van der Bellen on his father's side emigrated from Holland to the Russian Empire around 1700 or 1763 . During the Russian Civil War , part of the family fled - evidently before the summer of 1919 - from the Bolsheviks to Estonia, which had become independent . Before that, the grandfather Aleksander von der Bellen was the head of a bourgeois local government in Pskov . During this time, the family changed their name from "von der Bellen" to "Van der Bellen", referring to their Dutch roots. In 1931 Van der Bellen's father, who was also called Alexander and was a banker, married Alma Sieboldt in Kihelkonna on Saaremaa . In 1934 he also became an Estonian citizen. In June 1940, Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union as a result of the Hitler-Stalin Pact and then annexed . As a result, in February or March 1941, Van der Bellen's father with his wife Alma and Van der Bellen's older sister Vivian-Diana, like many Baltic Germans, moved to the National Socialist German Reich , where they were known as ethnic Germans in accordance with the agreements of the German-Soviet border and friendship treaty were recorded. Because of his background and as an international bank manager, Van der Bellen's father had to fear repression by the Soviet secret service NKVD .

Via Laugszargen (Memelland) and a German resettlement camp in Werneck near Würzburg , the parents came to Vienna, where their son Alexander was born in 1944 and baptized as a Protestant. When the Red Army approached the Vienna urban area as part of the Vienna operation , the family fled to the Tyrolean Kaunertal , where his father again worked in business.

After primary school in Innsbruck , Van der Bellen attended the humanistic academic high school in Innsbruck from 1954 , where he graduated in 1962 . After he had had Estonian citizenship like his parents up to then , Van der Bellen was granted Austrian citizenship in 1958 (according to other sources: 1959) . According to his own statements, Van der Bellen did not do military service in the armed forces . He underwent twice voluntarily a pattern in which the first was a temporary incapacity and the second the suitability found. Later he received postponements several times during his studies and after his marriage. After that he was no longer called up, which Van der Bellen attributes to his later professorship.

Study and science

After graduating from high school , Van der Bellen, like his father, studied economics at the University of Innsbruck . He graduated in 1966 with a degree in economics . With his dissertation Collective Households and Public Sector Enterprises: Problems of Their Coordination , he was promoted to Dr. rer. oec. PhD . From 1968 to 1971 he was a research assistant with Clemens August Andreae at the Institute for Public Finance at the University of Innsbruck and from 1972 to 1974 Research Fellow at the International Institute for Management and Administration at the West Berlin Science Center (WZB). There he made friends, according to his own statements, with the Turkish economist Murat R. Sertel , with whom he worked on decision theory and preference theory and published several articles and discussion papers.

In 1975 Van der Bellen completed his habilitation in finance and was appointed associate professor at the University of Innsbruck in 1976, where he remained until 1980. During this time he went to Vienna and taught and researched from 1977 to 1980 at the Federal Administration Academy . From 1980 to 1999 he was a full professor for economics at the University of Vienna . Between 1990 and 1994 he was dean or deputy dean at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics . In October 1999, when he became the chairman of the Greens in parliament, he took leave of absence as a professor at the University of Vienna and remained so until January 2009. Van der Bellen retired in February of the same year.

His research focused on planning and financing processes in the public sector, infrastructure financing, tax policy, public spending, state regulatory policy, public companies, and environmental and transport policy. He has published in specialist journals such as Die Betriebswirtschaft , Econometrica , Journal of Economic Theory , Austrian Journal for Political Science , Public Choice , Wirtschaftspolitische Blätter and a magazine for public and non-profit organizations .

Political career

Political party

Van der Bellen was a member of the SPÖ from the mid-1970s to the late 1980s , but then turned to the environmental movement . His former doctoral student Peter Pilz , the then federal spokesman for the Greens , brought Van der Bellen to his party. Van der Bellen later described this change as a development “from an arrogant anti-capitalist to a generous left-wing liberal ”, although the latter self-image, according to his autobiography from 2015, has also changed to “liberalism with an Anglo-Saxon character”.

In 1992 Van der Bellen was proposed by the Greens for the post of President of the Court of Auditors ; he was subject to Franz Fiedler, who was close to the ÖVP . After the Greens in the national elections in 1995 had retracted on December 17 losses, Van took the barking in December 1997 (during the XX legislative period. ; 15 January 1996 to 28 October 1999) with 82.3% of the delegates' votes by Christoph Chorherr the Party chairmanship and until October 2008, at almost eleven years of age, remained the longest-serving federal spokesman in the history of the Austrian Greens .

He took over the office of party chairman with a poll value of 4.8% at the time. Van der Bellen led the party to new highs in the following three National Council elections : 1999 National Council election on October 3 to 7.4%, 2002 National Council election on November 24, 2002 to 9.5% and 2006 National Council election on October 1, 2006 to 11 .05%.

After the losses in the National Council election in 2008 on September 28th, in which the Greens fell back to 10.11 percent, Van der Bellen, who had meanwhile been dubbed “the green professor” in the media, resigned as federal spokesman on October 3rd, 2008. He handed over the office to the then Third President of the National Council, Eva Glawischnig-Piesczek , who was unanimously elected as the designated federal spokeswoman on October 24th as the new party leader and was later confirmed at the federal congress .

Member of the National Council

Alexander Van der Bellen as federal spokesman for the Greens in the election campaign before the National Council election in Austria in 2008

With the beginning of the XIX. Legislative period on November 7, 1994, Alexander Van der Bellen moved for the first time as a member of the National Council for the Greens and was this consistently from 1994 to 2012. During the XXIV. Legislative period , he resigned from the National Council on July 5, 2012. From 1999 to 2008 he was the chairman of the Green Club in Parliament.

During his time in the National Council he was a. a. Member of the budget, main , science, finance, industry (as deputy chairman), the rules of procedure and foreign policy committee (as secretary and deputy chairman) as well as member of several sub-committees. In 2009/10 he was a substitute member and from 2010 to 2012 a member of the Austrian delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe in Strasbourg .

After the National Council election in 2008 , he was proposed by the Greens, who were no longer the third strongest force, as a candidate against the controversial FPÖ candidate Martin Graf for the office of Third National Council President, against whom he was defeated in the vote on October 28, 2008: Graf was elected with 109 of 156 valid votes, Van der Bellen only received 27 votes, and another 20 votes for other MPs.

University Commissioner for the City of Vienna

In February 2011, Van der Bellen was appointed by the red-green city government elected to office on November 25, 2010 ( state government and city senate Häupl V ; SPÖ Vienna and Die Grünen Wien ) as the Commissioner for Universities and Research (also: Commissioner of the City of Vienna for Universities and research, so designated 2013). While he himself carried out this activity on a voluntary basis - in addition to his mandate from the National Council - the new staff position set up for him was endowed with a budget of 210,000  euros annually for the infrastructure.

As university commissioner, he worked to improve the relationship between the city of Vienna and the universities located there, i.e. universities, technical colleges and private universities. On his initiative, for the first time, there were regular meetings between representatives of the Viennese universities and Magistratabteilung 35 ( Magistrat der Stadt Wien ) in order to improve cooperation on immigration and residence issues for students and researchers from third countries. The initiative was taken up by the Austrian University Conference - The Austrian Rectors' Conference (uniko) and expanded from Vienna to all of Austria. On the initiative of the University Commissioner Van der Bellen, the Vienna University Round, an informal advisory body of rectors and vice-rectors of Vienna universities including the research institute Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), was set up.

He wanted to resign from his position when he took up his mandate in Vienna (see below); in fact, he held it until the end of the Vienna legislative period in autumn 2015, when he left the Vienna State Parliament and City Council at the same time.

Member of the Vienna Landtag and local council

In the state and municipal council elections in Vienna 2010 on October 10th, Van der Bellen ran for the 29th place in the list of the Vienna Greens . With the electoral slogan “Go Professor go!” He received 11,952 preferential votes and thus made it to first place. Although he emphasized in some interviews before the election "If I get the preferential votes and it comes to red-green, I will definitely move into the state parliament", he still did not accept the municipal council mandate after the election and stayed until July 5th 2012 in the National Council.

On June 14, 2012, Van der Bellen announced in a press conference that he would be moving from the National Council to the Vienna City Council and State Parliament . On July 5, 2012, he resigned from the National Council. The inauguration took place in September 2012 at the first municipal council meeting after the summer break. In January 2015 it was announced that Van der Bellen would withdraw from Vienna's local politics at the end of the legislative period. In the internal election of the Viennese Greens on February 14th, after the application deadline had passed, he did not run for the party’s internal candidacy. This means that he was no longer on the electoral lists of the Greens in the 2015 state and municipal council elections in Vienna in autumn.

Election of the Federal President in 2016

Before the election

Since August 2014 Alexander Van der Bellen has been the candidate for the office of the ninth Austrian Federal President of the Second Republic . In November 2014, the Greens reserved the domain vdb2016.at for a possible presidential candidacy of Van der Bellens through the media agency Media Brothers of Stephan Gustav Götz , who works for the green communications team . This has been delegated to the association Together for Van der Bellen since January 6, 2016 .

Election campaign

On January 8, 2016, Van der Bellen officially announced his candidacy for the 2016 federal presidential election as part of a video message.

Van der Bellen ran as an independent, non-party nominated candidate for the office of Federal President. This brought some criticism to the Federal Party Chairman of the Greens, who had been in office for the longest from 1997 to 2008, because he was still part of his party as an active party member and was often not perceived as independent. However, Van der Bellen suspended his membership in the Greens on May 23, 2016 in order to demonstrate his will to conduct a non-partisan government.

Regardless of this, the Greens supported him during the election campaign; For example, the Greens provided the association “Together for Van der Bellen - Independent Initiative for the 2016 Federal Presidential Election” with six employees and premises as donations in kind as well as 1.2 million euros. The support association has its headquarters at the address of the Federal Green Party, the chairman of the association is Van der Bellens election campaign manager Lothar Lockl . For the repetition of the second ballot, the association received a total of 18,398 individual donations, which amounted to around 2.7 million euros. In comparison, Van der Bellens runoff opponent, Norbert Hofer , received 3.4 million euros from his FPÖ party; However, the Greens suspected that this sum only includes monetary donations and no donations in kind from Hofer's party.

By running as an independent candidate, Van der Bellen said he did not have the approval of the Green Federal Congress. In this way, discussions with the party base as well as reports about a possible non-unanimous vote were bypassed. For him, as a non-party candidate, it would not have been legally necessary to disclose the campaign donations; Nevertheless, the association "Together for Van der Bellen" published them on its website.

Ballots
Van der Bellen after winning the repeat election of the Federal President on December 4, 2016

Van der Bellen achieved second place in the first round of the 2016 federal presidential election with 21.34% of the vote, behind Norbert Hofer with 35.05%.

Van der Bellen with Federal Chancellor and SPÖ boss Christian Kern

After the former ÖVP party leaders Erhard Busek , Wilhelm Molterer and Josef Riegler had already voted in favor of Van der Bellen in the first ballot, which led to irritation, especially among members of their own party, they published with their signature - together with OeNB- President Claus Raidl and ex-minister Maria Rauch-Kallat - an open letter called an " appeal " . This initiative was initiated by "two well-known unconventional thinkers from the ÖVP", namely the General Secretary of the Savings Banks Association Michael Ikrath and the former ÖVP member of the National Council Ferdinand Maier . In the “appeal” they called “with clearly critical comments on the FPÖ candidate Norbert Hofer” for the election of Van der Bellen and against “white voting” (legally an invalid vote) and non-voting. In addition, people from politics (some high-ranking politicians of the SPÖ and the ÖVP, such as the former European Union - Agriculture Commissioner Franz Fischler , the Carinthian governor Christof Zernatto and the ÖVP delegation head in the European Parliament Othmar Karas ), from the economy, have the area the NGOs and society signed the open letter "not out of enthusiasm, but after careful consideration". With Josef Pröll , the fourth former ÖVP chairman, who also sits on the personal committee, was also committed to Van der Bellen. Numerous citizens, including prominent artists, renowned scientists and bipartisan top politicians, were represented in Van der Bellen's personal committee.

Publicly spoken to by journalists, Vienna's governor and mayor as well as Vienna's SPÖ chairman Michael Häupl and the newly sworn in federal chancellor and designated SPÖ federal chairman Christian Kern also met during his inaugural press conference on May 17th on the election of Van der Bellen in known of the runoff election. Irmgard Griss, on the other hand, Van der Bellen's competitor in the first ballot and supported by the liberal NEOS among others , spoke out against recommending one of the two “runoff” candidates for a long time. For just as long, she kept a low profile with regard to her voting behavior in the second election campaign, citing electoral secrecy . It was not until May 18 that she stood behind the candidate Van der Bellen in a joint press conference.

In the second ballot on May 22, 2016 (the runoff ), the provisional official final result without the postal votes was very tight (Hofer: 51.93%, + 15.88% of the official final result in the first ballot; Van der Bellen: 48.07 %, +26.73%). So on the evening of the election there was still no winner. The next day, May 23, 2016, Interior Minister Wolfgang Sobotka announced the preliminary official final result including the postal votes, according to which Alexander Van der Bellen received 50.35% and Norbert Hofer 49.64% of the valid votes. Van der Bellen had a lead of 31,026 votes over Hofer. The turnout was 72.7%.

When the final official result was announced, a correction was made (votes were counted twice in one constituency), after which the difference was reduced to less than 31,000 valid votes between Van der Bellen and Hofer, although this had little impact on the percentage points. (The changes only affected the third decimal place.)

After the election, Van der Bellen, as Federal President-designate, reaffirmed his position on May 25, 2016 that he would not give the FPÖ a mandate to form a government, even if it were to become the party with the most votes. This would be a novelty in the history of the Second Republic, since so far all Federal Presidents had given the mandate to form the government to the chairman of the party with the most votes.

On June 8, the FPÖ chairman Heinz-Christian Strache, as the authorized recipient of the candidate Norbert Hofer, represented by Dieter Böhmdorfer , submitted a 150-page complaint to the Constitutional Court , which was supposed to reveal deficiencies in the implementation of the second ballot. He scheduled a public hearing for the hearing of witnesses from June 20 to 23, 2016. On July 1, 2016, the Constitutional Court upheld the FPÖ's election challenge . Due to irregularities in the counting of the postal votes, the election had to be repeated throughout Austria.

Alexander Van der Bellen with Russian President Vladimir Putin on his state visit to Austria (2018)

Van der Bellen also won the second runoff election, which was postponed to December 4, 2016, and received 53.8% of the valid votes (turnout 74.2%). While Van der Bellen's lead in the runoff election in May 2016 was just under 31,000 votes, he was able to increase his lead to over 348,000 votes in the runoff election in December 2016.

Swearing in

With the swearing-in ceremony on January 26, 2017 Van der Bellen has taken office. After his inaugural speech, he received the federal government of Kern and was welcomed with a military ceremony as the new commander-in-chief of the armed forces. When he took office, Van der Bellen became the second head of state in Europe to come from a green party after Raimonds Vējonis .

As Federal President

He is the first Federal President of the Second Republic to have the government removed from office on May 28, 2019 due to a successful vote of no confidence in the National Council.

State visit to China 2018

The historically largest state visit from Austria to China , which lasted from April 7 to 12, 2018 , was led by Van der Bellen and Federal Chancellor Sebastian Kurz (ÖVP). Foreign Minister Karin Kneissl (FPÖ), as well as the Ministers for Environment, Economy and Infrastructure and Chamber of Commerce President Christoph Leitl , around 170 business people, including companions and press people, resulted in a total of around 250 participants, who also met the Chinese leadership up to President Xi Jinping . Economic exchange with the rising power of China, development and sustainability , but also human rights and the exchange of panda bears were topics.

Political positions

Van der Bellen with Sergio Mattarella , President of the Italian Republic , the Governor of South Tyrol , Arno Kompatscher , and the Mayor of Bolzano Renzo Caramaschi in Bolzano on November 23, 2019

During the election campaign for the office of Federal President, Van der Bellen announced several times that he would not entrust the right-wing populist FPÖ with forming a government, even if it were the party with the largest number of votes after an election.

In 2002 Van der Bellen spoke out indirectly in favor of cannabis legalization - taking into account the protection of minors - and stated that cannabis was not a drug. Before the National Council election in 2008 , he spoke out in favor of equal opportunities for homosexual and heterosexual partnerships .

In 2015, Van der Bellen expressed himself in an interview as a TTIP proponent ("The advantages are [...] obvious. You can easily become deaf and blind to the long-term perspective of loud alarms.") In February 2016, he spoke out against this Agreement. In November 2016, he approved the CETA free trade agreement . The compatibility of arbitral tribunals with European law still has to be examined.

During a speech in the German Bundestag in March 2016, he pleaded for the EU to become the “United States of Europe”. In November 2016 he advocated the formation of an EU army, provided that Austrian neutrality is retained.

In May 2016, Van der Bellen called for more humanism in refugee policy and in January 2016 rejected the government’s maximum refugee limit of 37,500 asylum applications in 2016.

In foreign policy, Van der Bellen wants to advocate the accession of the Balkan states, particularly Serbia, to the EU. He is against recognizing the Russian annexation of Crimea and against moving the Austrian embassy in Israel to Jerusalem as long as Jerusalem is not the internationally recognized capital of Israel. He also criticized the pro Erdoğan demonstrations in Austria. Van der Bellen warned not to fall into an anti- Islam mood.

Van der Bellen advocates the possibility of dual citizenship. He is against referendums that concern fundamental and human rights (e.g. reintroduction of the death penalty).

In the run-up to the World Climate Conference in Katowice ( COP24 ), Van der Bellen was able to win over numerous European heads of state to sign a joint appeal to the international community. The effects of the climate crisis are already being felt around the world today, and this is a threat to global stability and security.

In his “order of the day for the turn of the year” 2018/19, Van der Bellen announced, as the highest commander of the armed forces, that he would ensure that “the constitutional condition of the armed forces would be restored” during budget negotiations.

Other activities

Van der Bellen is one of the four vice-presidents of the non-partisan Austrian Society for Foreign Policy and the United Nations (ÖGAVN).

Furthermore, he became head of the Institute for Public Finance and Tax Law in the Federal Ministry of Finance (BMF) and a member of the University Anniversary Foundation of the City of Vienna for the Promotion of Science, the Board of Trustees of the Vienna Science, Research and Technology Fund (WWTF) and the Advisory Board of the Sustainability Strategy of OMV , resourcefulness.

Private

Van der Bellen is also called " Sascha ", a short form of his first name, by friends, colleagues and within his party .

family

Van der Bellen married when he was 18 and became a father for the first time when he was 19. His first marriage to Brigitte (1943–2018), b. Hüttner, with whom he has two sons, has been divorced by mutual agreement. Van der Bellen has been married to his long-time girlfriend and managing director of the Green Club, Doris Schmidauer , since December 2015 . He lives in Vienna and in the Kaunertal in Tyrol.

religion

Van der Bellen resigned from the Protestant church as a young man because he was annoyed with his local pastor. According to his own statement, he does not believe in the one God, but in the "message or vision" that, in his opinion, make up the New Testament , in particular the content of the Sermon on the Mount and love of neighbor . In 2019 he rejoined the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession .

Freemasons

According to his own statements in October 2008, Van der Bellen was accepted into the only Masonic lodge in Innsbruck at the time in the mid-1970s , where he took part in meetings for about a year, which he described as "active". “After that, as a purely passive member, I paid the membership fee for about 10 years and finally left at my explicit request.” In an election interview in ZIB 2 on May 18, 2016, the moderator Armin Wolf also became a member of Van der Bellen addressed by the Freemasons. In response to Wolf's final question “Are you still a Freemason?”, Van der Bellen replied, unlike in 2008 on the exit question (see above): “Not to my knowledge. I then went to Vienna and there I just developed other interests. "

Right to Estonian citizenship

After the second round of elections, in which he was in the lead (see below in the section “ Federal President Election 2016 ”), the President of the Republic of Estonia , Toomas Hendrik Ilves , congratulated Van der Bellen on the election. The Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs announced that he could get an Estonian passport again at any time. This is based on the fact that Van der Bellen's parents were Estonian residents and citizens before June 16, 1940, and children of such people would automatically be considered citizens of the again independent Republic of Estonia. Urmas Paet , former Foreign Minister of Estonia and Member of the Estonian Reform Party in the European Parliament , stated: “The election result is a good reason to congratulate the Austrians twice, but for Estonia and the Estonian people, the fact that Austria elected an Estonian citizen as president. "

Awards

Fonts (selection)

  • Fund economy in Austria (= series of publications. Issue 13). Jupiter, Vienna 1968, DNB 456063757 .
  • Collective households and public service enterprises. Problems with their coordination. Dissertation University of Innsbruck 1970 (X, 214 pages; reference in the Austrian library network ).
  • Formal approaches to general and collective preference theory. Path independence and other criteria for selection functions, with special consideration of collective decision-making rules (=  International Institute for Management and Administration. 74,60). International Institute for Management and Administration, Berlin 1974.
  • Mathematical selection functions and societal decisions. Rationality, path independence and other criteria of the axiomatic preference theory (=  Interdisciplinary systems research. 14). Birkhäuser, Basel / Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-7643-0814-1 .
  • with Murat R. Sertel : Computations in choice groupoids (= International Institute for Management and Administration.  76,2). International Institute for Management and Administration, Berlin 1976.
  • with Murat R. Sertel: Synopses in the theory of choice (= Discussion paper series.  77,69). International Institute for Management and Administration, Berlin 1977.
  • Public companies between market and state (= pocket science: economy ). Kiepenheuer and Witsch, Cologne 1977, ISBN 3-462-01203-7 .
  • with Dieter Lukesch , Paul Tschurtschenthaler: Cost-benefit analyzes in road construction. Case study. The Arlberg road tunnel from an economic, financial and legal point of view (=  writings from technology and law. 5). Orac, Vienna 1979, ISBN 3-85368-368-1 .
  • with Manfred Wicke , Walter Straninger: Street research order No. 481 of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs (=  street research. Issue 381). Research company for traffic and road systems in the Austrian Association of Engineers and Architects , Vienna 1990.
  • with Joachim Lang , Anton Rainer: eco taxes. Revised versions of lectures at the Institute for Public Finance and Tax Law, Federal Ministry of Finance , Vienna, together with the International Fiscal Association , Regional Group Austria. Institute for Public Finance and Tax Law, Vienna 1995.
  • The art of freedom. In times of increasing bondage. Brandstätter, Vienna 2015, ISBN 978-3-85033-922-3 .

literature

Books:

  • Mitchell G. Ash : “Alexander Van der Bellen. Economist and party chairman of the Greens. Interview. “In: Mitchell G. Ash, Josef Ehmer (Ed.): University - Politics - Society (=  650 years University of Vienna - Departure into the new century. Vol. 2). V & R Unipress, Vienna University Press, Göttingen 2015, ISBN 978-3-8471-0413-1 , p. 389 ff.
  • Christian Neuwirth: Alexander Van der Bellen. Views and intentions. Molden, Vienna 2001, ISBN 3-85485-057-3 .
  • Charles E. Ritterband : Difficult farewell to "Sascha" (October 2008). In: Charles E. Ritterband: On the trail of the Austrian. Expeditions by an NZZ correspondent. With caricatures by Michael Pammesberger , Böhlau, Vienna a. a. 2009, ISBN 978-3-205-78399-2 , p. 152 ff.
  • Georg Thiel , Johannes Tichy: Alexander Van der Bellen, economist and politician. In: Georg Thiel, Johannes Tichy: Smoking heads: 40 portraits. Pustet, Salzburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-7025-0724-4 , p. 52 ff.

Other:

See also

Web links

Commons : Alexander Van der Bellen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Wikiquote: Alexander Van der Bellen  - Quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ cf. VdB: "Ladies and Gentlemen, that's a polar bear" , Kronen Zeitung, January 6, 2020, Kickl attacked Van der Bellen after an interview , Vorarlberg Online, July 10, 2019, presidential election: Greens reserved "www.vdb2016.at" , The Standard, November 19, 2014, and Van der Bellen's personal Twitter account , all accessed on January 6, 2020.
  2. ↑ Van der Bellen emphasizes solidarity and confidence - news.ORF.at. Retrieved April 25, 2020 .
  3. ↑ a b “Because I think I can!” Van der Bellen on the presidential job, dialect and the opera ball. It is known: He is against asylum limits and does not want to swear to an FPÖ government. Interview with Van der Bellen in: Heute.at , January 13, 2016, accessed on May 26, 2019. ("Van der Bellen: 'Because my ancestors on my father's side emigrated from Holland to Russia around 1700, at the time of Peter the Great .' ")
  4. ↑ a b c d e Herwig G. Höller: Alexander Van der Bellen: A refugee child. In: Die Zeit , Austria edition, No. 14/2016, March 23, 2016, accessed on December 1, 2019.
  5. ↑ In contrast to the interview with Van der Bellen in heute.at in January 2016 as above, cf. in March 2016 in the magazine Die Zeit , Austria edition, No. 14/2016: Alexander Van der Bellen: A refugee child . Herein: "Everything should have started with a Dutch glazier who, as the family legend says, moved to the tsarist empire in 1763. " As well as: "For the new start, the family changes its name: the 'from' is replaced by 'Van', one invokes the Dutch roots. In the historical archive in Tartu there is a letter in which the father of the former green federal spokesman tells his university that the Dutch 'Van' refers to a bourgeois origin. In all official documents, the family members state that they are Dutch - probably one expects to be disadvantaged as a Russian. "
  6. ^ A b President Ilves congratulates Austrian president-elect Alexander Van der Bellen. ( Memento of June 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) In: Press release of the Office of the President - Public Relations Department, May 24, 2016, accessed on June 3, 2016, quote from President Toomas Hendrik Ilves : “ However , we are also connected by Estonia on a very personal level. It is unusual that there are two states in Europe where the parents of both presidents were Estonian citizens and - fleeing war and violence - found a new home abroad. I hope that you can visit the Kihelkonna parish in Saaremaa, where your parents were married in 1931, as well as the house at Koidu street in Tallinn where they lived a few years later. ”
  7. ↑ "Double" the joy in the home of Van der Bellen's parents. In: Der Standard , May 24, 2016.
  8. ↑ Alexander Van der Bellen as a guest on ORF Upper Austria. In: ORF .at, May 17, 2016, accessed on May 19, 2016.
  9. ↑ a b About the person ( Memento from April 1, 2016 in the web archive archive.today ) Biography on the website of the association “Together for Van der Bellen - Independent initiative for the 2016 federal presidential election”, accessed on May 7, 2016.
  10. ↑ Catalog sheet 1,070.909-0, ÖB 1971/6. Facsimile of the Austrian National Library , accessed on May 7, 2016.
  11. ↑ a b c d e Alexander Van der Bellen on the website of the Austrian Parliament
  12. ↑ a b c Mitchell G. Ash : Alexander Van der Bellen. Economist and party chairman of the Greens. Interview in: Mitchell G. Ash, Josef Ehmer (Ed.): University - Politics - Society. (=  650 years of the University of Vienna - the beginning of the new century. Vol. 2). V & R Unipress, Vienna University Press, Göttingen 2015, ISBN 978-3-8471-0413-1 , p. 391.
  13. ↑ a b c Alexander Van der Bellen , in Internationales Biographisches Archiv 17/2016 of April 26, 2016 (se), in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of the article freely available)
  14. ↑ Popularity across party lines. In: ORF .at, January 8, 2016.
  15. ↑ a b Oliver Pink : How left is Van der Bellen? The press on May 14, 2016.
  16. ↑ a b Peter Mayr, Michael Völker: Alexander Van der Bellen resigns - Glawischnig follows. In: Der Standard , print edition 4./5. October 2008, accessed May 7, 2016.
  17. ↑ a b c City Council of the Federal Capital Vienna, 19th electoral period, 34th meeting on March 1, 2013, verbatim minutes. 18. 00410-2013 / 0001-GKU; MA 7, item 19 [on the agenda]: Subsidy Vienna Science, Research and Technology Fund, speech by municipal councilor Univ.-Prof. Herbert Eisenstein (Club of the Vienna Freedom Party), p. 43f. .
  18. ^ Municipal Council of the Federal Capital Vienna , 19th electoral period, 5th meeting on February 25, 2011, verbatim minutes. 11. 00475-2011 / 0001-GKU; Item number 15 [on the agenda]: Subsidy to the Vienna Science, Research and Technology Fund, p. 53f. .
  19. ↑ See Forum Aliens Law. Website of the Austrian University Conference (uniko), accessed on May 7, 2016.
  20. ↑ a b c Van der Bellen changes to the Vienna City Council. In: DiePresse.com . June 14, 2012, accessed on May 7, 2016 : “There was a flaw that I did not accept the voter mandate. [...] That has kept me busy for the last 18 months. "
  21. ↑ a b Van der Bellen no longer competes in Vienna. In: Vienna. ORF .at, January 21, 2015, accessed on May 7, 2016.
  22. ↑ a b c Quoted from Councilor Isabella Leeb ( ÖVP Club of the Federal Capital Vienna) in: Municipal Council of the Federal Capital Vienna , 19th electoral period, 5th meeting on February 25, 2011, verbatim protocol. 11. 00475-2011 / 0001-GKU; Item number 15 [on the agenda]: Subsidy to the Vienna Science, Research and Technology Fund, p. 53 and p. 54 .
  23. ↑ APA : Vienna election: Van der Bellen creates direct mandate. In: DiePresse.com . October 18, 2010, accessed on May 7, 2016 : “The former Green leader moved up from 29th to 1st place on the state list by means of preferential votes. But it is not yet clear whether he will move to the local council. "
  24. ↑ a b See councilor Sigrid Pilz (Green Club in the City Hall) in: City Council of the Federal Capital Vienna , 19th electoral period, 5th meeting on February 25, 2011, verbatim minutes. 11. 00475-2011 / 0001-GKU; Item number 15 [on the agenda]: Subsidy to the Vienna Science, Research and Technology Fund, p. 55 : “Ms. Leeb , I think it's nice that you say that Sascha Van der Bellen is a shining example for you as a politician is. […] (GRin Ing Isabella Leeb: Why didn't he refuse it?) […] From Sascha Van der Bellen […]. "
  25. ↑ Christian Rösner: Van der Bellen is moving to Vienna with a delay. Ex-Greens boss is still moving from parliament to town hall. In: Wiener Zeitung Online . June 14, 2012, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  26. ^ APA : Presidential election: Greens reserved "www.vdb2016.at". In: derStandard.at , November 19, 2014, accessed on May 7, 2016.
  27. ↑ vdb2016.at in whois.domaintools.com, accessed on May 7, 2016.
  28. ↑ Brave in the new times! Van der Bellen is running for Federal President. Video on YouTube , published January 8, 2016. Accessed May 7, 2016.
  29. ↑ Meret Baumann: Federal President Election in Austria: Power and Powerlessness of the President. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . April 18, 2016, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  30. ↑ Van der Bellen is President - news.ORF.at . In: news.ORF.at . May 23, 2016 ( orf.at [accessed February 24, 2017]).
  31. ↑ APA : Greens: Van der Bellen receives 1.2 million euros and donations in kind. In: DiePresse.com . February 4, 2016, accessed on May 7, 2016 : "Among other things, the Hofburg candidate will be provided with premises and six employees."
  32. ↑ Contact ( memento of April 19, 2016 in the web archive archive.today ): "Media owner & publisher: 'Together for Van der Bellen - Independent initiative for the 2016 federal presidential election', Rooseveltplatz 4-5, 1090 Vienna". "Like. Lothar Lockl, Chairman of the Board of Management ”. Imprint accessed on May 7, 2016.
  33. ↑ Disclosure of donations ( memento from April 23, 2016 in the web archive archive.today )
  34. ↑ Van der Bellen: “Don't solve problems with extremes”. In: DiePresse.com . Retrieved June 7, 2016 .
  35. ↑ Disclosure of the donations ( memento of April 23, 2016 in the web archive archive.today ) Income from donations and other donations received for the election campaign in accordance with the Federal Presidential Election Act § 24a for the election on April 24, 2016, from January 8, 2016. Website of the association “ Together for Van der Bellen - Independent initiative for the 2016 federal presidential election ”, accessed on May 7, 2016.
  36. ↑ Federal President Election 2016 - overall result including a statement by the federal electoral authority. Federal Ministry of the Interior (Ed.), Version dated May 2, 2016, accessed on May 7, 2016.
  37. ↑ a b Van der Bellen: 100 supporters for "Michael Jordan der Politik". In: diePresse.com , March 2, 2016, accessed on May 21, 2016.
  38. ^ Civil appeal for Van der Bellen. In: diePresse.com , May 14, 2016, accessed on May 21, 2016.
  39. ↑ kron: Griss: "I chose Van der Bellen". In: diePresse.com , May 18, 2016, accessed on May 21, 2016.
  40. ↑ Voting cards counted: Alexander Van der Bellen is Federal President. In: derStandard.at , May 23, 2016, accessed on May 23, 2016.
  41. ↑ No government education mandate for FPÖ. In: ORF .at
  42. ^ APA : FPÖ contestation brought in - HC Strache: Hofer could have become president. ( Memento from June 8, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) In: Wirtschaftsblatt , June 8, 2016, accessed on June 8, 2016.
  43. ↑ Julia Neuhauser: Redial "certainly not in summer". DiePresse.com, June 16, 2016, accessed on June 16, 2016 .
  44. ↑ Contestation of the election: Supreme Court completely revokes the runoff election. In: derStandard.at . July 1, 2016, accessed July 1, 2016 .
  45. ↑ Final result with postal voting: Van der Bellen comes to 53.79 percent In: derStandard.at , December 6, 2016, accessed on December 9, 2016.
  46. ↑ Candidates with the highest number of votes per federal state December 6, 2016, accessed on December 9, 2016.
  47. ↑ Alexander Van der Bellen sworn in as Federal President , on derstandard.at, accessed on January 26, 2017.
  48. ↑ www.bundespraesident.at: Inaugural speech
  49. ↑ sueddeutsche.de: A refugee who became president in Austria (comment)
  50. ↑ bundespraesident.at
  51. ^ Military ceremony and large flag parade of the Austrian Armed Forces
  52. ↑ andreas.puschautz: In short, it could be the first to be mistrusted. Retrieved May 28, 2019 .
  53. ^ Salzburger Nachrichten: Removal of government: Federal President calls for "talking to one another" in politics. Retrieved May 28, 2019 .
  54. ^ State visit to China: Austrian delegation with high hopes profil.at, April 6, 2018, accessed April 13, 2020.
  55. ↑ World politics: Record state visit leads Van der Bellen and Kurz to China sn.at, April 3, 2018, accessed April 13, 2020.
  56. ↑ Van der Bellen and Co.: Big state visit: "China wants to become number one world power" kleinezeitung.at, April 8, 2018, accessed April 13, 2020. - With blog, updated until April 12, 2018.
  57. ^ State visit to the People's Republic of China - Black and White Bears to conclude bundespraesident.at, April 12, 2018, accessed April 13, 2020.
  58. ↑ The most important positions of Alexander Van der Bellen. Süddeutsche Zeitung , December 4, 2016, accessed on August 3, 2020 .
  59. ↑ derstandard.at August 11, 2002: Cannabis is not a drug.
  60. ↑ derstandard.at
  61. ↑ Mitchell G. Ash: Alexander Van der Bellen. Economist and party chairman of the Greens. Interview. In: Mitchell G. Ash, Josef Ehmer (Ed.): University - Politics - Society. (= 650 years of the University of Vienna - the beginning of the new century. Volume 2) VR Unipress, Vienna University Press, Vienna 2015, ISBN 978-3-8471-0413-1 , p. 389 ff.
  62. ↑ Van der Bellen recently against TTIP. Salzburger Nachrichten of February 10, 2016.
  63. ↑ positions. Süddeutsche Zeitung , December 4, 2016, accessed on August 7, 2020 .
  64. ↑ diepresse.com
  65. ↑ kurier.at December 1, 2016
  66. ↑ focus.de
  67. ↑ vienna.at January 23, 2016
  68. ^ A b c d michael.andrusio: Federal President Election: How Hofer and Van der Bellen would create their foreign policy . ( kurier.at [accessed on February 26, 2017]).
  69. ^ STANDARD Verlagsgesellschaft mbH: Van der Bellen attacks Erdogan supporters . In: derStandard.at . ( derstandard.at [accessed on February 26, 2017]).
  70. ↑ Van der Bellen: Do not fall into an anti-Islam mood | the beaver. Retrieved February 26, 2017 .
  71. ↑ Van der Bellen warns for more climate protection ahead of the climate conference - derStandard.at. Retrieved December 6, 2018 .
  72. ^ WZ Online APA: Van der Bellen criticizes the state of the army. Retrieved December 29, 2018 .
  73. ↑ Team: Presidium on the website of the Austrian Society for Foreign Policy and the United Nations (ÖGAVN; international name: Foreign Policy and United Nations Association of Austria - UNA-AUSTRIA). Retrieved May 7, 2016.
  74. ^ Charles E. Ritterband : Difficult farewell to "Sascha". In: Charles E. Ritterband: On the trail of the Austrian. Expeditions by an NZZ correspondent. Böhlau, Vienna a. a. 2009, ISBN 978-3-205-78399-2 , p. 152 ff.
  75. ↑ "Father was always the Saschi for us" , April 17, 2016
  76. ↑ Van der Bellen got married again. Ex-Greens boss is considered a hot candidate for federal presidential election. In: derStandard.at . December 28, 2015, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  77. ↑ Anna-Maria Wallner: The new woman chancellor. In: DiePresse.com . September 28, 2008, accessed May 7, 2016 .
  78. ↑ Alexander Van der Bellen as a guest on ORF. In: ooe. ORF .at. April 19, 2016.
  79. ^ Van der Bellen is a member of the Protestant Church again. In: religion.orf.at . April 30, 2019, accessed April 30, 2019.
  80. ↑ a b Answer from Alexander Van der Bellen of October 1, 2008 to a question to Alexander Van der Bellen of September 18, 2008 regarding Freemasons and Van der Bellens membership in the Freemason in the topic: Democracy and civil rights. In: Die Presse (Ed.): Meinparlament.at - In dialogue with politics. Question-answer accessed May 22, 2016.
  81. ^ Presidency: Van der Bellen, ex-Freemason. In: Die Presse , print edition May 11, 2016, accessed on May 21, 2016.
  82. ↑ Hofburg candidate Van der Bellen in the ZIB 2 interview (11:12 am). In: Zeit im Bild / ZIB 2, on May 18, 2016, transcript for “Are you still a Freemason?” Starting from ZIB-2 broadcast minute 09:45 (interview starts at 05:30).
  83. ↑ a b APA : Why Estonia and Russia are interested in Alexander Van der Bellen. ( Memento from May 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) In: Wirtschaftsblatt , May 24, 2016: “According to the Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, children of residents of the independent Estonia, which was destroyed in 1940 and who had Estonian citizenship before June 16, 1940, are automatically considered as a citizen of what is now Estonia. Documents from the Estonian State Archives and the German Federal Archives available to the APA show that Alma and Alexander Van der Bellen senior, the parents of the future Austrian Federal President, were in possession of Estonian citizenship at the time. "
  84. ↑ Quoted from: Alexander Van der Bellen - an Austrian president with Eastern European roots. In: Borsh - Magazine with a focus on Northeast Europe, Dietmar Pichler EU (Ed.), May 30, 2016, accessed on June 5, 2016.
  85. ↑ List of all decorations awarded by the Federal President for services to the Republic of Austria from 1952 (PDF; 6.9 MB)
  86. ↑ International Auschwitz Committee honors Van der Bellen on ORF.at, January 18, 2018. Retrieved January 18, 2018
  87. ^ Kurier: A true Tyrolean: address by Van der Bellen in dialect . Article dated June 6, 2019, accessed June 6, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Van der Bellen, Alexander
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Van der Bellen, Sascha
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian economist and politician (Die Grünen), member of the National Council a. D.
DATE OF BIRTH January 18, 1944
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna , Austria