Sebastian Kurz

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Sebastian Kurz (2020)
Signature of Sebastian Kurz

Sebastian Kurz (born August 27, 1986 in Vienna ) is an Austrian politician ( ÖVP ) and Federal Chancellor of the Republic of Austria .

From 2009 to 2017, Kurz was federal chairman of the Young People's Party (JVP). He exercised his first political mandate from 2010 to 2011 as a member of the Vienna City Council and State Parliament . From 2011 to 2013 he was State Secretary for Integration in the Federal Government of Faymann I , then for a short time a member of the National Council and from 2013 to 2017 Federal Minister for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs in the Federal Governments of Faymann II and Kern .

In May 2017, Kurz was elected party chairman of the ÖVP. In the following early National Council election in October 2017 , the ÖVP stood under the name “List Sebastian Kurz - the new People's Party (ÖVP)” and emerged as the party with the strongest vote. On December 18, 2017, the Federal Government Kurz I , a coalition government made up of the ÖVP and FPÖ , was sworn in. On May 18, 2019, shortly after the Ibiza affair, the cooperation with the FPÖ ended and declared that he was aiming for new elections.

On May 27, 2019, Kurz was refused confidence in a vote of no confidence by the National Council, whereupon he was removed from office on May 28, 2019.

In the National Council election in Austria in 2019 , Kurz ran as the top candidate for his party and emerged as the winner. He then conducted coalition negotiations with the Greens , which were successfully concluded on January 1, 2020. The Federal Government Kurz II , a coalition government made up of the ÖVP and the Greens , was sworn in on January 7, 2020.

Family and education

Kurz is the son of the engineer Josef Kurz and the teacher Elisabeth Kurz née Döller. The maternal grandmother, Magdalena Müller, a Danube Swabian woman from Temerin ( Batschka , today Vojvodina , Serbia), moved to Zogelsdorf in Lower Austria , a cadastral community of Burgschleinitz-Kühnring , after being expelled and escaped , and married the farmer Alois there Döller. In his childhood, Kurz spent most of his holidays with his grandparents in Zogelsdorf. In 2017 he was given honorary citizenship by Burgschleinitz-Kühnring. In the 1990s, his family took on a refugee family from Yugoslavia . From 1992 to 1996, Kurz attended elementary school on Anton-Baumgartner-Strasse in Vienna-Liesing , then the Bundesgymnasium and Realgymnasium Erlgasse in Vienna, where he passed his Matura with distinction in 2004 . He then did his military service in the Austrian Armed Forces until 2005 . From 2005 studied short at the University of Vienna Law School (Juridicum Vienna) law . The course briefly broke off and did not finish.

Kurz has been in a relationship with the business educator Susanne Thier since they were at school .

Political career

Kurz has been a member of the Young People's Party (JVP) since 2003 . He was sponsored by Markus Figl . From 2008 to 2012 he was chairman of the JVP Vienna. In 2009 he was elected federal chairman of the JVP with 99 percent of the delegate's votes; in 2012 he received 100 percent when he was re-elected. In 2017 he handed over the office of federal chairman of the youth organization with a membership of 105,000 to the lawyer Stefan Schnöll . From 2009 to 2016 he was regional party chairman of the ÖVP Vienna. As chairman of the JVP Vienna, he started the campaign for youth electoral campaigns for the state and municipal council elections in Vienna in 2010 , and had a Geilomobile drive through Vienna.

From 2010 to 2011 he was a member of the Vienna City Council and State Parliament before he was introduced as Integration State Secretary of the Federal Ministry of the Interior in June 2011 as part of a cabinet reshuffle . After the National Council election in Austria in 2013 , Kurz was sworn in as Federal Minister for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs by Federal President Heinz Fischer in December of the same year at the age of 27 as the youngest Foreign Minister in Austrian history (since March 1, 2014) .

State Secretary for Integration (2011 to 2013)

Kurz emphasized the inclusion of religions and the dialogue with religious communities as important for integration. In the first few months of his work as State Secretary, Kurz made several proposals, e. B. a second compulsory year of kindergarten for children with language deficits. The campaign TOGETHER: AUSTRIA was launched in 2011 as a joint campaign between the State Secretariat for Integration, the Austrian Integration Fund (ÖIF) and the Ministry of Education . This was intended to promote the identification of immigrants with the Austrian landscape and culture and to convey values ​​such as freedom of religion and democracy . So-called “integration ambassadors” were sent to schools to discuss with migrants how they could identify with Austria. These “integration ambassadors” included Arabella Kiesbauer , Fadi Merza and Kazim Yilmaz. Kurz was also present at some of the school visits. In total, more than 300 “integration ambassadors” were out and about throughout Austria.

As Secretary of State for Integration, Kurz started in 2011 with an annual budget of 15 million euros. This was increased to 100 million euros by 2017. This is mainly due to the extensive expansion of German courses in cooperation with the Federal Ministry of the Interior and the Federal Ministry of Labor, Social Affairs and Consumer Protection.

In 2013, Kurz was involved in drafting the amendment to the Citizenship Act.

Federal Minister for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs (2013 to 2017)

Briefly with Ivo Josipović on his first visit abroad as Foreign Minister in Croatia (2013)

After the National Council election in 2013 , Sebastian Kurz took over the Foreign Ministry from Michael Spindelegger . In March 2014, the “Integration” area was added to the portfolio of his ministry. He describes the relationship with the Western Balkans as one of his personal focus areas, which is why he made his first visit abroad as Foreign Minister in Croatia. A good relationship with Israel is very important to him “out of historical responsibility” and because of the positive cooperation between the Israelite religious community in the area of ​​integration.

During a visit to Belgrade on February 26, 2014, he confirmed Austria's continued support for Serbia's accession to the European Union , also because of Austria's economic and political interests. He also spoke to Serbia's Prime Minister Aleksandar Vučić about the future of Bosnia and about relations between Austria and Serbia in a historical context.

In November 2014, a campaign with the hashtag #stolzdrauf was launched. In social networks you should show with photos what you are proud of in Austria. The campaign, which was supposed to contribute to a more community feeling in Austria, however, developed into a polarized debate. Critical or sarcastic comments have been made, especially on Twitter . Supporters of the campaign were personalities like the Muslim and former Miss Austria Amina Dagi or the musician Andreas Gabalier . Federal President a. D. Heinz Fischer , Austrian Airlines , the Israelite Cultural Community and the Islamic Faith Community . According to a report in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ), the political left was particularly bothered by the folksy Andreas Gabalier, while the political right did not want to recognize a headscarf wearer or a “ Tschuschn ” as a “real Austrian”. The right-wing extremist Identitarian Movement therefore also disrupted the press conference to present the action. The costs of the Foreign Ministry of 326,029 euros and 120,000 euros for the ÖIF in five to six weeks to advertise the campaign were also criticized, 55 percent of which went to newspaper advertisements in tabloids or free newspapers.

In June 2015, Kurz proposed that the family allowance for EU citizens working in Austria whose children live in their country of origin should be adjusted to the price level in their country of origin. Immigrants from other EU countries should also have paid into the Austrian social system for a few years before they would be eligible. The SPÖ spoke out against the plans, but stated that there was abuse of family allowances that had to be better controlled. The FPÖ welcomed the proposals. The Greens accused Kurz and the ÖVP of taking over “the hate policy of the FPÖ”.

At the end of June 2015, Kurz presented his plans to close Austria's embassies in Malta, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia by autumn 2018. At the same time, new embassies should be opened in Belarus, Moldova, Georgia, Qatar and Singapore. His plan also provided for another consulate general in China. He wanted to achieve financial savings by selling real estate that was no longer needed and by merging agencies.

After the City of Vienna rejected the intention, agreed in 2014, to award a research project on Islamic kindergartens in Vienna to Ednan Aslan , the Ministry of Integration took over the commission alone. The preliminary study published at the end of 2015 came to the conclusion that Salafist tendencies were emerging in the institutions examined and the spread of Islamist ideologies could be observed. Alarmed by this, the City of Vienna and the Ministry of Integration agreed to have a nationwide, comprehensive scientific study carried out. In addition, the City of Vienna controlled these kindergartens more and more. In June 2017, Kurz called for the general closure of Islamic kindergartens, as they would have isolated themselves linguistically and culturally from the majority society. With regard to the preliminary study published in 2015, a solid controversy arose shortly after the weekly newspaper Falter accused the ministry's integration department of having changed the preliminary study “in many places in terms of content and not just formally” for political reasons. Aslan then emphasized that he stood by the published study, and the facsimiles published by Falter did prove changes, but the serious allegations raised could not be derived from it. A review of the study was arranged by the University of Vienna.

In January 2016, Kurz said in an interview with the daily newspaper Die Welt with regard to border security in Austria: “It is understandable that many politicians are afraid of ugly images of border security. But it cannot be that we are transferring this job to Turkey because we don't want to get our hands dirty. It won't work without ugly pictures. ”The last part of the quote was subsequently used by the green EU parliamentarian Michel Reimon as a caption for a photo of the deceased refugee boy Aylan Kurdi and distributed on Facebook . Reimon also referred to Kurz as an inhuman cynic. An ÖVP spokesman described it as “despicable how the Greens exploited the death of this little boy for party politics.” Aylan died at a time “when there were no border closings, but a policy of false hopes” .

In February 2016, Kurz took part in the Western Balkans Conference taking place in Vienna with Interior Minister Johanna Mikl-Leitner as the representative of Austria . The conference was initially sharply criticized by the EU, but the resulting closure of the Balkan route was officially recognized by the EU shortly afterwards.

The Recognition and Assessment Act presented by the Ministry of Integration was passed in July 2016. This was intended to simplify the recognition of qualifications acquired abroad, such as the transfer of educational certificates.

During the commemorations and military parades for the end of World War II , Kurz first visited Belarus on May 5, 2015 , then Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov in Moscow. He described the annexation of Crimea and the support of the eastern Ukrainian separatists as "contrary to international law". There could be no softening of the EU sanctions without an improvement in the local situation and without the implementation of the Minsk II agreement . But peace could be made “not against, but only with Russia”. Block thinking in Europe belongs “back in the history books”. In June 2016, he took up the proposal previously made by the German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier to gradually withdraw the sanctions in return for the agreements from the Minsk Agreement that Russia had complied with.

In November 2016, Kurz, as a representative of the European People's Party, thanked the Macedonian sister party VMRO-DPMNE for their support in closing the Western Balkans route during an election campaign . The appearance was also criticized as an indirect campaign aid.

In view of the refugee crisis, the Ministry of Integration introduced values ​​and orientation courses in all federal states.

In March 2017, Kurz criticized the rescue operations of aid organizations as " NGO madness", as these actions would lead to more refugees dying in the Mediterranean instead of fewer. Kurz repeatedly demanded that the refugees rescued in the Mediterranean should no longer be brought to the Italian mainland, but instead stopped and returned to refugee centers outside the EU, following the Australian model. He was supported in his criticism by the EU border protection agency Frontex , while the aid organizations rejected the criticism.

In March 2017, the Integration Act was adopted in the Council of Ministers and passed in May 2017 in the National Council. It contains a legal right to a German course, at the same time an obligation to participate in language and values ​​courses and prohibits participation in Koran distribution campaigns in public spaces by Salafists. A ban on full veiling in public spaces was regulated in the Anti-Face Veiling Act. The Integration Act was supplemented by an Integration Year Act as proposed by the Federal Government . The compulsory non-profit work of persons entitled to subsidiary protection, persons entitled to asylum and asylum seekers with good chances of recognition was regulated in the Integration Year Act and is referred to as “work training in the interest of the common good”. The charitable work can last up to twelve months and is carried out by civil service organizations. Participants in the integration year also receive an “integration card”, which is intended to serve as a kind of certificate.

In May 2017, the integration ambassadors criticized Kurz's policy. According to a survey by the migrant magazine Bum Media , two thirds of integration ambassadors disagree with politics or individual points of its politics (above all the headscarf ban in the public service). The same medium stated that of the 350 integration ambassadors specified by the Foreign Ministry, only 68 could be found on the website.

During Kurz's tenure as Foreign Minister, it was agreed to increase the funds for bilateral development cooperation from around 75 to around 150 million by 2021.

Kurz described the EU-Turkey agreement on the refugee crisis agreed in March as necessary. However, he advocated giving Turkey as few tasks as possible, such as the “return of refugees”. In order to secure the EU's external border , Greece should be made more responsible. He understands that many politicians are afraid of "ugly pictures" when securing the border. However, it could not be that the EU should hand over this task to Turkey because they “don't want to get their hands dirty”. Kurz said it would not work without "ugly pictures".

The end of 2016 it was announced that the State Department the club south wind development policy promoting the 1979 monthly south wind magazine has deleted. This step caused criticism from various quarters as it endangered the survival of the magazine. The representative of the publisher of Südwind-Magazin considered the discontinuation of the funding "politically stupid". An internet petition against the rejection of funding was then started.

Kurz gave the Foreign Minister's annual speeches to the General Assembly of the United Nations and the UN Security Council and took part in the Review Conference of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty on April 28, 2015 . He spoke to himself inter alia. for nuclear disarmament and the protection of persecuted Christians.

Sebastian Kurz in conversation with Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov at the OSCE Summit in Mauerbach (2017)

As Austrian Foreign Minister, Kurz took over the chairmanship of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) for one year in January 2017 . In the first few days he visited the disputed area of ​​eastern Ukraine in this capacity. In connection with the EU sanctions against Russia, he proposed a "system of train-by-train business". A gradual lifting of the sanctions in return for progress in the Ukraine conflict could trigger a “positive dynamic”. While the OSCE considered it a success that the OSCE observation mission in eastern Ukraine could be extended, there was also criticism of the topic of his administration, which, according to Christian Nünlist, was assessed as partly too oriented towards his personal domestic political interests in Austria . As Chairman of the OSCE, Kurz hosted an OSCE summit in Mauerbach on July 11, 2017 .

On December 18, 2017, he handed over the Foreign Ministry to the FPÖ-nominated Foreign Minister Karin Kneissl .

Federal Party Chairman of the Austrian People's Party (since 2017) and first term as Federal Chancellor (2017 to 2019)

Even during Reinhold Mitterlehner's chairmanship , the party and the media had long considered it likely that shortly before the election to the 26th National Council, the party would take over and run as the top candidate of the ÖVP. The daily Kurier speculated in 2014 about a possible top candidate Kurz for the next election. Reinhold Mitterlehner , who was appointed as party chairman , became involved in internal party conflicts, and in 2016 there were increasing reports that Kurz would take over the party immediately before the election to the 26th National Council and run as the top candidate. According to a report by the weekly newspaper Falter, the development of a concept for breaking the coalition and positioning Kurz as a top candidate began in 2016. At the beginning of May 2017, a conflict between parts of the ÖVP and the SPÖ escalated. The ÖVP published a brochure which Christian Kern tried to put in the vicinity of Soviet ideology. Interior Minister Wolfgang Sobotka also accused Kern of “failure as Chancellor”. On the part of the SPÖ, Kurz and Sobotka were then located as the "center of a network of intrigues who (...) have no interest in constructive government work". The SPÖ also criticized Kurz's frequent absence from the Council of Ministers. After Mitterlehner had sought to recall Sobotka as Minister of the Interior, Kurz asked Mitterlehner to support his course of confrontation with the SPÖ. When Mitterlehner moved away from Sobotka's recall, Kurz and his supporters reacted by launching insults against Mitterlehner.

On May 10, 2017 Mitterlehner announced his resignation from his government offices as minister and vice chancellor as well as federal party chairman . Shortly thereafter, on May 14, the executive committee of the ÖVP appointed federal party chairman-designate. He refused to succeed Mitterlehner in the function of Vice Chancellor. In the run-up to the appointment as party chairman, he put seven conditions to the federal board of the ÖVP, some of which had already been decided on before his appointment and some had already been anchored in the statutes. Informally agreed innovations within the ÖVP are a required veto right of the ÖVP chairman against lists of candidates at the federal level of the state organizations and the sole decision-making authority over the creation of the federal list. The Falter reported that shortly before the takeover of the party, industrialists “felt” whether they would support his election campaign financially. Several million euros have already been informally pledged.

On July 1, 2017, Kurz was elected the new ÖVP chairman at the federal party conference with 98.7 percent of the delegate's votes. He achieved almost as many percent as his predecessor Reinhold Mitterlehner , who received 99.1 percent of the vote in 2014. In the election campaign, which focused on the person Kurz and his portrayal as the “Messiah of the ÖVP”, the ÖVP exceeded the legally permissible election campaign cost limit of 7 million euros by 6 million euros and must therefore expect fines of up to one million euros.

On December 22, 2017, Sebastian Kurz presented the government program to the Federal Council as the new Federal Chancellor .

From the National Council election in Austria 2017 , the ÖVP emerged under the list name "List Sebastian Kurz - the new People's Party (ÖVP)" with him as the top candidate with 31.5 percent as the party with the strongest vote, whereupon, after the final results of the election were available on October 20th In 2017, as ÖVP party leader, Federal President Van der Bellen commissioned him to submit proposals for the formation of a new federal government. After exploratory talks with all parliamentary parties, Kurz invited the FPÖ to government negotiations on October 24, 2017 . On November 8, 2017, the ÖVP parliamentary club elected Kurz as club chairman with 97.5 percent of the votes until the formation of the government was completed. The agreement on a coalition government was announced on December 15, 2017 by him together with FPÖ chairman Heinz-Christian Strache . On December 18, he was appointed and sworn in as Federal Chancellor by the Federal President. At the age of 31, he became the youngest incumbent head of government in the world.

Kurz was the first Chancellor of Austria who did not make his inaugural visit to neighboring Germany. He made his first trip abroad on December 18, 2017 to Brussels, where he met with EU Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker and EU Council President Donald Tusk . The readers of the German language magazine Deutsche Sprachwelt voted him the `` Sprachwahrer of the year 2018 ''.

Kurz's failure to react to scandals surrounding the FPÖ led to the use of the term “ Silent Chancellor”, originally coined for Wolfgang Schüssel . In the course of 2019, rumors of new elections increased. The word Chancellor of Silence became Austrian Word of the Year 2018.

Motion of censure and election campaign (2019)

In May 2019, Kurz's government fell apart as a result of the Ibiza affair . The media speculated that the ÖVP should have offered the FPÖ the continuation of the coalition on condition that Herbert Kickl resigned. After he was accused of reacting "hesitantly", Kurz announced the termination of the coalition one day after the publication of the so-called Ibiza video and proposed early elections to the Federal President. On May 20, 2019, Kurz proposed to the Federal President that the Interior Minister Kickl be dismissed. After all ministers of the FPÖ had resigned their offices, Kurz proposed a transitional government to the Federal President, which was appointed by Alexander Van der Bellen on May 22, 2019. On May 27, 2019 this government decreed in Parliament a majority was, by the first successful motion of censure in the Second Republic , together with his cabinet by the National Council with the votes of the clubs of the SPÖ , FPÖ and NOW deselected. On May 28, 2019, Kurz was therefore removed from office by Federal President Alexander Van der Bellen . This means that Kurz is so far the Chancellor with the shortest term of office. After his impeachment, Kurz positioned himself as a martyr of the motion of censure, which he described as illegitimate, and tried to portray criticism as an inadmissible attack by taking on the role of victim. Peter Filzmaier explained that he saw Kurz's staging in the election campaign as that of a “wrongly attacked person” , with “perhaps not an undesirable side effect that it would make it more difficult to differentiate between justified accusations such as the shredder affair and the attacks of a weirdo. “ Klaus Ottomeyer said that he saw similarities in the staging of Kurz and Jörg Haider's . Both would be "the classic victim-reversal" served and to be "the one hand, the big makers and then the poor Bua, who laments that all are so angry at him." Positioned.

On May 29, 2019, the executive committee of the ÖVP officially nominated Kurz as the top candidate for the 2019 National Council election in Austria .

In July 2019, a Kurz employee received media attention due to the destruction of data carriers from the Chancellery, the so-called shredder affair . The shredding of data carriers is legitimate in itself, but the process and the process as well as the implementation under a false name are checked by the Vienna Public Prosecutor for relevance to criminal law. [outdated]

With the top candidate Kurz, the ÖVP achieved a clear victory with 37.5 percent of the vote. Kurz received 155,803 preferential votes and was the only politician to have a six-digit number of preferential votes. Due to the election victory, the Federal President commissioned him to form a government on October 7, 2019. On October 22, 2019, Kurz was unanimously elected club chairman by the ÖVP parliamentary club.

Second term as Federal Chancellor (since 2020)

The formation of a government in Austria in 2019 was initially preceded by exploratory talks by the ÖVP under Kurz's leadership with all parties represented in the National Council. After these had been broken off one after the other by the FPÖ, the SPÖ and the NEOS , an agreement was reached with the Greens on the first turquoise-green coalition at the federal level. With the Federal Government Kurz II he was sworn in again as Federal Chancellor on January 7, 2020. Irene Neumann-Hartberger took over his seat on the National Council .

On May 12, 2021 it was announced that the Economic and Corruption Prosecutor's Office (WKStA) had started investigations against Kurz and his head of cabinet Bernhard Bonelli following a complaint from NEOS . Both are suspected of making false statements before the “ committee of inquiry into the alleged marketability of the turquoise-blue federal government ( Ibiza committee of inquiry )” and are now listed as accused. The contents of the investigations are statements on the processes surrounding the appointment of the supervisory board of Österreichische Beteiligungs AG (ÖBAG). Kurz and Bonelli are said to have misinformed the investigative committee while they were committed to the truth. On the same evening, in an interview with Armin Wolf on the ORF news program ZiB 2, Kurz denied having told the Ibiza investigative committee the untruth and complained that the opposition's only goal was to get him out of office. The six ÖVP governors Wilfried Haslauer , Johanna Mikl-Leitner , Günther Platter , Hermann Schützenhöfer , Thomas Stelzer and Markus Wallner demonstratively stood behind him on May 13, 2021.

Political positions

Foreign policy

As Foreign Minister, Sebastian Kurz advocated the abolition of nuclear weapons and stated: “Nuclear weapons are not only a permanent threat to all of humanity, but also a legacy of the Cold War that must be resolutely overcome. A paradigm shift in international nuclear disarmament efforts is long overdue in view of the threatened proliferation of nuclear weapons. ”In 2014, he organized an international conference in Vienna on this subject .

Economic policy

Kurz or the ÖVP spoke out against Austria's new debt in their 2017 election manifesto. This should be achieved by abolishing the cold progression for all incomes, and a reduction in wage and income tax should also be implemented. Inheritance, property and wealth taxes are rejected, cash should be retained as a means of payment. Government spending and debts are to be reduced.

At the end of December 2018, Kurz announced a national digital tax to partially finance a major tax reform after no agreement was reached on an EU-wide tax.

Social policy

Kurz rejects the reduction of small and medium-sized pensions, and pension privileges are to be abolished. The minimum income is to be capped Austria-wide to 1500 euros per community of needs, for people without Austrian citizenship there are to be separate regulations.

Labor market policy

Kurz advocates legal and collective bargaining equality between workers and employees, as well as more flexible working hours. Under his chancellorship, the black-blue coalition in parliament decided to make working hours more flexible, which had been controversial for years, with which the maximum daily working time can be increased to up to 12 hours under certain conditions.

Media Policy and Message Control

Strict control of communications between government and ministries was installed under Kurz. The concept was to create a common, identically-looking external appearance from which no member of the government could emerge through individual positions. Journalists accused the Kurz government of controlling and influencing media reporting by refusing to answer questions and using other methods of message control, as well as viewing journalists as audiences for productions. Kurz himself reduced his communication to short, often repeated sentences and key words.

reception

The Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung rated short in its first official visit to the German capital Berlin as "very eloquent," "concise" and to "no answer embarrassed". In December 2014, the German Press Agency saw Kurz as one of "seven winners on the world political stage in 2014".

Anna von Bayern wrote in Focus that the Foreign Ministry is seeing a new self-confidence and that Kurz has given it new relevance. Vienna has become a place of dialogue, first with the Ukraine summit in 2014, later during negotiations on the nuclear deal with Iran . The Syria talks began in Vienna in autumn 2015.

The US news magazine Time listed Kurz in 2017 as one of ten “Next Generation Leaders”. The "statesman of the new kind" has found a new way to deal with the refugee crisis. The “pragmatic way” worked and was adopted by other European politicians.

Kurz describes the world as a “conservative-liberal, European-minded politician” whose rise in many respects resembles that of President Emmanuel Macron . The closure of the Balkan route was a diplomatic masterpiece.

The Neue Zürcher Zeitung believes that Kurz embodies new beginnings, confidence, dynamism, elegance and determination, while Angela Merkel stands for standstill. He was “sovereign, also sympathetic to critics, and able to speak German. If Kurz were German, he would be Chancellor or shortly before. "

The magazine Cicero sees Kurz as a "charismatic figure" in contrast to the "often naive, all multicultural German elites who are generally positive about everything and who enjoy the grace of late birth."

In March 2016, Franz Schandl described in the left-liberal newspaper Der Freitag Kurz as someone who puts on a “friendly face”, but the differences in content to the right-wing populist competitors are “marginal”.

Eric Frey wrote in the Austrian Der Standard with regard to the National Council election in Austria 2017 that the “mistrust” of the Standard editorial team outweighed Kurz. This is due to the fact that Kurz is conducting a “foreigner election campaign”, reducing problems to the issue of immigration and marking the “strict law enforcement officer”. But Frey is also of the opinion that there are reasons for consent. Briefly is an “effective answer” to populists like “Haider, Strache and Co”. Briefly, the majority opinion, according to which immigration should be controlled more strictly, would put forward "without agitation and polemics". Kurz is a decisive natural talent with "high social and analytical intelligence."

The Rheinische Post wrote: “In direct contact with supporters, Kurz is very similar to Jörg Haider, the legendary right-wing populist who set out about 30 years ago to destroy the eternal red-black system of proportional representation - and ultimately failed. What changes Kurz wants was not clear in this election campaign. The only thing that is clear is that he wants to become Austria's youngest chancellor. For example, according to the German model, he is calling for guidelines to be established, which ministers may have to submit to. "

In a June 2018 comment by Edward Luce in the Financial Times , he drew parallels between current political developments in Europe and the United States and those in the 1930s. Kurz was compared with the Republican US President Donald Trump and the right-wing populist Italian Interior Minister Matteo Salvini and referred to as the " far-right chancellor ". The Austrian embassy in Washington contacted the author of the article for this attribution, as it did not consider it to be justified. He changed the named passages in the corresponding online edition to “Austria's Chancellor Sebastian Kurz, who leads a coalition that includes the extreme right”. In December 2018, the word “Chancellor of Silence” was named Austrian Word of the Year for the second time, alluding to Kurz's politics . According to the jury, Kurz avoids reacting to topics that are uncomfortable for him, as well as to actions and statements by members of the FPÖ, where the public can be expected to provide a clarifying statement from the Chancellor.

Spiegel Online ranked Kurz in first place in its ranking “Who will be important abroad in 2019?”. Kurz has attracted international attention "because he is only 32 years old and ruled with right-wing populists". His right-wing populist coalition partner FPÖ has pushed the boundaries of what can be said. “In the future, the tone against foreigners, refugees and migrants is likely to intensify, because Kurz lets the coalition partner FPÖ say the bad things, but remains silent about them. Its popularity ratings remain high, ”according to the ranking.

After the Ibiza affair, Norbert Mappes-Niediek wrote in the Mittelbayerische Zeitung that Kurz “mastered the art of staging like no other”. “There is no place for outside initiatives, for emotions, for public argument” in his “PR-driven government policy”. With his self-control, Kurz is "the exact opposite figure to the raving Strache in the video - to the self-drunk babbler mind you, not to the authoritarian despiser of democracy Strache [...]".

Roger de Weck stated that Kurz “manages the issues of the FPÖ and anchors them in the Austrian soul - up to the telling absurdity that Kurz and the FPÖ hardliner Herbert Kickl came up with the same slogan in the 2019 election campaign: 'One who ours Language speaks. ' The Kurz system embodies the established system, which systematically pretends to fight the system. "

Christian Kern , Kurz's predecessor as Federal Chancellor, criticized him heavily on the occasion of the shredder affair . Kurz had defended the behavior of his shredding employee in a television conversation, describing the shredding of five hard drives as "sloppiness", but "basically [...] a normal procedure in the course of a change of government". Kurz states: "The handover of Kern also went like this." Christian Kern reacted violently to the "allegation" that he had also tolerated or commissioned the shredding of hard drives by the Federal Chancellery . This claim is incorrect, so Kern an Kurz - "and you know that". The destruction of the hard drives was, however, a legally compliant process that had already been carried out by the Federal Government of Kern .

Luxembourg's Foreign Minister Jean Asselborn made Kurz personally responsible for the problematic refugee situation at the EU's external borders and, in September 2020, described him as a “culprit”. Briefly, "I am the very first to answer for this miserable situation".

The German satirist Jan Böhmermann dedicated the title “Turquoise Autocracy” to Chancellor Kurz and the Chancellor Party in the May 7, 2021 episode of ZDF's Royale magazine , which received around 1.5 million views a week after it was broadcast on YouTube. The focus is on turquoise scandals and exciters of the past months, from chat logs and dick pics to René Benko's entry into the "Krone". Böhmermann also criticized the uncritical commendation of Chancellor Kurz in some conservative newspapers in Germany. The Stuttgarter Nachrichten claim that the program was also produced in cooperation with ORF , which was not allowed to have its own satirical program on the subject.

Awards

Cabinets

Federal government Office Taking office End of office
Faymann I. State Secretary for Integration

in the Federal Ministry of the Interior

April 21, 2011 December 16, 2013
Faymann II Federal Minister for European and International Affairs /
Federal Minister for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs 		December 16, 2013 17th May 2016
core Federal Minister for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs 17th May 2016 18th December 2017
Briefly I Chancellor 18th December 2017 May 28, 2019
Short II Chancellor January 7, 2020

Publications

  • Securing social peace and promoting a "we feeling": Austria's initiatives and activities in dialogue with religious communities and migrant communities. In: Oskar Deutsch (ed.): The future of Europe and Judaism. Impulses for a social discourse. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2017, ISBN 978-3-205-20531-9 , pp. 123-134.
  • Integration through performance. In: Josef Mantl, Alexander Ochs, Marc R. Pacheco (Eds.): Communicating Sustainability. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-205-78817-1 , pp. 91–98.
  • Integration, inclusion and diversity. In: Harald Mahrer , Dietmar Halper (Hrsg.): Urbane Lebenswelten. Verlag Noir, Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-9503255-2-2 , pp. 19–24.
  • The change has begun and how it all began. In: Bettina Rausch , Karl Nehammer (Ed.): Open to new things . Edition Noir, Vienna 2018, ISBN 978-3-9504382-2-2 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Sebastian Kurz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ National Council Election 2017 - The Candidate Parties. In: bmi.gv.at. Retrieved May 15, 2019 .
  2. ^ Government relieved and sworn in again: Löger Interim Chancellor. In: kurier.at . May 28, 2019. Retrieved May 28, 2019 .
  3. ^ ORF at red: New government: Kurz and Kogler presented an agreement. January 1, 2020, accessed January 4, 2020 .
  4. ↑ ORF at / Agencies red: ÖVP - Greens: That is in the government program. January 2, 2020, accessed January 4, 2020 .
  5. ↑ AVISO: Appointment and inauguration of the Federal Government - Accreditation. Retrieved January 4, 2020 .
  6. ↑ The new Chancellor of Austria with Danube Swabian roots In: sonntagsblatt.hu , December 17, 2017
  7. ↑ Stevan Miler: Sebastian Kurz's grandmother comes from a small town in Vojvodina. In: Kosmo.at , January 23, 2018 [Note: Correct spelling of the grandparents' family name is Döller]
  8. ↑ a b Honorary Citizenship for Brief In: noen.at , January 10, 2018
  9. ↑ How refugees shaped Sebastian Kurz's childhood. In: Welt Online , February 5, 2018
  10. ^ Judith Grohmann : Sebastian Kurz - The Official Biography, FinanzBook Verlag der Münchner Verlagsgruppe , 2019, ISBN 978-3-95972-267-4 , p. 22 Reading sample , PDF, p. 18
  11. ↑ Sebastian Kurz , on meineabektiven.at. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  12. ↑ Sebastian Kurz's biography. In: parlament.gv.at. Retrieved September 24, 2020 .
  13. ↑ The foreign minister who messes with Turkey. In: stern.de. August 16, 2016. Retrieved May 15, 2017 .
  14. ↑ Tobias Rapp : One man, one program. In: Spiegel Online . May 26, 2017. Retrieved June 1, 2017 .
  15. ↑ In short: This is his first lady. In: Austria . July 2, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017 .
  16. ↑ Our election special: The top candidates in a video portrait. In: kleinezeitung.at . 2017, accessed May 29, 2019.
  17. ↑ Student union: stage for the future elite
  18. ↑ A portrait of the new JVP chairman Sebastian Kurz. In: DiePresse.com. May 4, 2009, accessed March 6, 2016 .
  19. ↑ Vienna JVP: Dominik Stracke replaces Sebastian Kurz. In: DiePresse.com. April 21, 2012, accessed March 6, 2016 .
  20. ↑ Briefly re-elected as JVP chairman with 100 percent. In: The press. April 14, 2012. Retrieved May 27, 2017 .
  21. ^ Young ÖVP: Kurz handed over the chairmanship to Schnöl . Article dated November 25, 2017, accessed December 1, 2017.
  22. ↑ orf.at: Three deputies for ÖVP boss Blümel - Sebastian Kurz is no longer a vice . Article dated March 18, 2016, accessed March 18, 2016.
  23. ↑ derStandard.at: Youth election campaign in Vienna: Sex and tough sayings . Article dated September 8, 2010, accessed May 18, 2017.
  24. ↑ derStandard.at: Kurz und das Geilomobil: “Guardian” falls for the “daily press” . Article dated May 18, 2017, accessed May 18, 2017.
  25. ^ The Guardian: Doing a Macron: can Austrian minister copy French election success? . Article dated May 17, 2017, accessed May 18, 2017.
  26. ↑ ÖVP team presents: Short, extraordinary solution ". In: DiePresse.com. April 19, 2011, accessed on March 10, 2016 .
  27. ↑ Sebastian Kurz's biography. In: parlament.gv.at. Retrieved March 10, 2016 .
  28. ^ Cabinet Faymann II: New government officially in office. In: Profile. December 16, 2013, accessed March 10, 2016 .
  29. ↑ Astrid Mattes: Towards a universal religion? Symbolic boundaries in Austrian immigrant integration policies. In: Kurt Appel, Isabella Guanzini (ed.): Europe with or without religion. Vienna University Press at V&R unipress, p. 233.
  30. ↑ Second compulsory year of kindergarten planned. In: Wiener Zeitung . June 15, 2011, accessed October 26, 2011 .
  31. ↑ Homepage of TOGETHER: AUSTRIA. Austrian Integration Fund (ÖIF), accessed on January 17, 2021 .
  32. ↑ Together with integration ambassadors, Sebastian Kurz presents TOGETHER: AUSTRIA #stolzdrauf. November 10, 2014, accessed January 16, 2021 .
  33. ↑ Stars as migration officer. In: ORF Online . October 13, 2011, accessed January 17, 2021 .
  34. ↑ Favorites: Foreign Minister Briefly attended school. In: mein district.at . January 24, 2014, accessed January 16, 2021 .
  35. ↑ TOGETHER: AUSTRIA - Integration messages tell Austrian success stories at the European Forum Alpbach. August 26, 2014, accessed January 17, 2021 .
  36. ↑ Andreas Schnauder, Michael Völker: Integration: More money for language and values ​​courses. In: The Standard . April 5, 2016. Retrieved September 27, 2016 .
  37. ^ State Secretariat for Integration : StS Kurz: Reform of Citizenship Law on Rail. In: ots.at. February 5, 2013, accessed January 17, 2021 .
  38. ↑ Interior Committee approves amendment to the Citizenship Act. In: parlament.gv.at . June 27, 2013, accessed January 17, 2021 .
  39. ↑ Foreign Minister Kurz makes his first trip abroad. In: The press. December 20, 2013. Retrieved May 23, 2017 .
  40. ^ Foreign Minister Briefly on a short visit to Croatia. In: The Standard . December 20, 2013, accessed December 22, 2013 .
  41. ↑ In short: The Western Balkans is my focus region . In: Today . December 17, 2013, accessed June 17, 2015 .
  42. ↑ Sebastian Kurz wants to help Serbia on the way to the EU. In: News. April 26, 2014, accessed June 17, 2015 .
  43. ↑ Franziska Troger (Austrian Integration Fund ): Sebastian Kurz presents together with integration ambassadors TOGETHER: AUSTRIA #stolzdrauf. In: ots.at. September 10, 2014, accessed June 17, 2015 .
  44. ↑ Kurz starts campaign with Gabalier for "Austrian Consciousness". In: APA / Der Standard. November 10, 2014, accessed on May 26, 2017 .
  45. ↑ a b c Stephan Löwenstein: Austrian demands. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . November 15, 2014, accessed July 13, 2017 .
  46. ↑ Integration: # prideful campaign cost 326,000 euros. In: The press. January 28, 2015, accessed May 15, 2017 .
  47. ↑ Maria Sterkl: Campaign "#stolzdrauf": At least 450,300 euros for advertising. In: The Standard. April 17, 2015, accessed June 16, 2016 .
  48. ^ Social benefits: FPÖ sees Kurz change course. In: Courier. June 14, 2015, accessed June 17, 2015 .
  49. ↑ Kurz does not want to pay social benefits for foreigners immediately. In: Courier. June 10, 2015, accessed June 17, 2015 .
  50. ↑ Andreas Schwarz: In short: Closing and opening messages. June 26, 2015. Retrieved August 11, 2017 .
  51. ^ Aslan: Study was planned with Vienna. In: wien.orf.at . July 5, 2017. Retrieved May 29, 2019.
  52. ↑ Meret Baumann: Islamists infiltrate kindergartens. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . March 1, 2016, accessed April 15, 2017 .
  53. ↑ Erich Kocina: Islam: More controls for kindergartens. In: The press. October 12, 2015, accessed May 14, 2017 .
  54. ↑ Kurz 'officials are said to have rewritten the kindergarten study. In: Courier. July 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017 .
  55. ↑ orf.at, Aslan study: University of Vienna for external examination
  56. ↑ a b Silke Mülherr: Austria's Foreign Minister: "It won't work without ugly pictures". In: Welt Online . January 13, 2016, accessed on October 27, 2018 .
  57. ↑ Florian Gasser, Joachim Riedl: Refugee Policy - Fetish Upper Limit . In: The time . No. 04/2016 , January 21, 2016 ( zeit.de; registration required [accessed October 27, 2018]).
  58. ↑ Reimon: Kurz is "inhuman cynic". In: derstandard.at. November 13, 2016, accessed on November 27, 2018 .
  59. ↑ Mikl-Leitner and Kurz opened the Western Balkans Conference , Oberösterreichische Nachrichten, February 24, 2016
  60. ↑ Anna Gabriel: EU: "This route is closed". In: diepresse.com . March 7, 2016, accessed on November 29, 2018 .
  61. ↑ New Recognition and Assessment Act. (No longer available online.) In: Austrian Integration Fund. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017 ; accessed on September 27, 2016 .
  62. ↑ Effective immediately: Recognition Act for Qualifications Acquired Abroad , at bmeia.gv.at. Retrieved May 14, 2017
  63. ↑ Sebastian Kurz: Hard bandages in Moscow. Retrieved June 17, 2015 .
  64. ↑ Der Standard : The end of the sanctions in Russia is approaching , June 20, 2016
  65. ↑ Kurz advertises a controversial ruling party in Macedonia. In: The Standard. November 28, 2016. Retrieved September 9, 2017 .
  66. ↑ Integration plan: value courses or less social assistance. In: ORF. November 19, 2015, accessed September 27, 2016 .
  67. ↑ In short: "The NGO madness must be ended". In: diepresse.com. March 24, 2017, accessed on December 10, 2018 .
  68. ↑ Agreement on integration law with burqa ban. In: Courier. March 28, 2017. Retrieved May 15, 2017 .
  69. ↑ Draft of the Integration Year Act – IJG , on ris.bka.gv.at. Retrieved May 16, 2017
  70. ↑ Integration Act brings burqa ban and mandatory integration year. In: Courier. February 7, 2017. Retrieved May 16, 2017 .
  71. ↑ Integration ambassadors distance themselves from Minister Kurz. In: Bum Media. May 8, 2017. Retrieved June 2, 2017 .
  72. ↑ Integration ambassador Sebastian Kurz as a hardliner. In: Profile. May 24, 2017. Retrieved June 2, 2017 .
  73. ↑ Government increases development aid contribution. In: The Standard. April 21, 2016. Retrieved September 27, 2016 .
  74. ↑ Against the south wind. In: Falter. March 5, 2017. Retrieved May 28, 2017 .
  75. ↑ "Südwind-Magazin" protests against the subsidy stop. In: The press. February 7, 2017. Retrieved May 28, 2017 .
  76. ↑ "Südwind-Magazin" threatens to stop after funding has stopped. In: The Standard. December 12, 2016. Retrieved May 28, 2017 .
  77. ^ A b Ida Metzger: Sebastian Kurz: "Islam belongs to Europe". In: Kurier. March 28, 2015, accessed on May 15, 2017 .
  78. ↑ Christian Ultsch: Sebastian Kurz: In New York's antiquated Arthurian round. In: The press. September 27, 2014, accessed May 15, 2017 .
  79. ↑ Nuclear weapons: Briefly as humanitarian Kassandra-Rufer. Retrieved June 18, 2015 .
  80. ↑ UN speech: Briefly warns of Islamism and nuclear armament. In: The Standard. September 22, 2016. Retrieved September 27, 2016 .
  81. ↑ Austria takes over the Chairmanship of the OSCE in 2017. In: The press. December 5, 2014, accessed September 27, 2016 .
  82. ↑ OSCE Chairman Sebastian Kurz: "Need More Attention to the Ukraine Conflict". January 3, 2017, accessed on February 3, 2017 .
  83. ^ Criticism of OSCE leadership by Kurz. In: ORF . May 15, 2017. Retrieved May 23, 2017 .
  84. ^ OSCE meeting in Mauerbach: Austria mediates agreement on a new Secretary General. July 11, 2017. Retrieved July 11, 2017 .
  85. ↑ Gernot Bauer : ÖVP: Why the chairman debate is completely different this time. In: profile . September 20, 2016. Retrieved May 15, 2017 .
  86. ^ Daniela Kittner: ÖVP variants for a Spindelegger successor. In: Courier. March 26, 2014, accessed August 11, 2017 .
  87. ↑ Gernot Bauer: ÖVP: Why the chairman debate is completely different this time. In: profile . September 20, 2016. Retrieved May 15, 2017 .
  88. ↑ ÖVP: cross shots against party leader Mitterlehner , Die Presse, October 22, 2016
  89. ^ "Project Ballhausplatz" , Falter, September 19, 2019
  90. ↑ ÖVP: “Project Ballhausplatz is not short, other parts already” , Kurier, September 20, 2017
  91. ↑ Anti-core brochure puts ÖVP in trouble , Der Standard, May 3, 2017
  92. ↑ Sobotka accuses Kern of “failure as Chancellor” , Die Presse, May 8, 2017
  93. ↑ Duzdar calls for clarity , ORF Online, May 9, 2017
  94. ↑ A Terribly Kind Family at the Council of Ministers , Die Presse, May 9, 2017
  95. ↑ "Do your dirt alone" , Trend, 19/2017
  96. ↑ Austria votes at the beginning of October. In: The press. May 15, 2017. Retrieved May 15, 2017 .
  97. ↑ Own list for choice: The seven conditions of Sebastian Kurz. In: Tyrolean daily newspaper. May 13, 2017, accessed March 9, 2020 .
  98. ↑ What Kurz demands of the ÖVP is already in the statute. In: The Standard. May 16, 2017. Retrieved May 16, 2017 .
  99. ↑ This is how the “List Sebastian Kurz - The New People's Party” should work. In: profile. May 15, 2017. Retrieved May 16, 2017 .
  100. ↑ The short thriller. In: Falter. May 16, 2017. Retrieved June 4, 2017 .
  101. ↑ Kurz elected party chairman with 98.7 percent. In: Courier. July 1, 2017, accessed July 3, 2017 .
  102. ↑ Sebastian Kurz - the populism machine , Tagesspiegel, October 16, 2017
  103. ↑ Election campaign costs : No investigations against ÖVP and FPÖ , Die Presse online, February 12, 2019, accessed on July 11, 2019.
  104. ^ Austria - National Council election 2017. Accessed on December 2, 2017 .
  105. ↑ Van der Bellen wants to “examine very carefully” the list of ministers from Kurz , derstandard.at, October 20, 2017.
  106. ↑ Kurz wants to negotiate with the FPÖ - announcement after explorations. In: orf.at. October 24, 2017, accessed January 30, 2019 .
  107. ↑ There are negotiating teams. In: orf.at. October 24, 2017, accessed February 2, 2019 .
  108. ↑ https://www.ots.at/presseaussendung/OTS_20171108_OTS0149/sebastian-kurz-neuer-klubobmann-der-oevp-elisabeth-koestinger-kandidatin-fuer-die-wahl-zur-nationalratspraesidentin
  109. ↑ " Ensure change". In: orf.at. December 15, 2017, accessed on February 11, 2019 .
  110. ↑ Hedda Nier: The youngest heads of state and government in the world. In: Statista.com. October 18, 2017. Retrieved December 19, 2017 .
  111. ↑ Ingrid Steiner-Gashi: Urgent first visit to Brussels: Kurz wants to dispel doubts. In: Kurier.at. December 18, 2017, accessed May 7, 2018 .
  112. ↑ The Chancellor of Silence , Der Spiegel, December 18, 2018
  113. ↑ ÖVP reshuffles and new election rumors
  114. ↑ In favor of good German and against gender language: Austria's government wins the election for the language guardian of the year . Article dated March 19, 2019, accessed March 19, 2019.
  115. ↑ Sprachwahrer des Jahres 2018: Sebastian Kurz, Federal Ministry for National Defense, Horst Samson . Article dated March 19, 2019, accessed March 19, 2019.
  116. Jump up ↑ derStandard.at: Kurz and Kunasek declared “Sprachwahrern des Jahres” . Article dated March 19, 2019, accessed March 19, 2019.
  117. ↑ Briefly closes the turquoise-blue route to Strache's Ibiza scandal , Tiroler Tageszeitung, May 18, 2019.
  118. ↑ Hans Rauscher : Kurz failed with the FPÖ - and still wants our trust , May 18, 2019.
  119. ↑ a b "Against the Loss of Control" - Journalists Against Message Control. Broadcast, Concordia Press Club and Parliamentary Editors Association, May 21, 2019.
  120. ↑ Curd Wunderlich: "Enough is enough" - Briefly terminates the coalition with the FPÖ. www.welt.de, May 18, 2019.
  121. ↑ Kurz announces a new election. www.faz.net, May 18, 2019.
  122. ↑ a b Kurz suggests that Kickl be discharged. In: ORF. May 20, 2019, accessed October 1, 2019 .
  123. ↑ Transitional government: The new cabinets are quite turquoise , Kleine Zeitung, May 23, 2019
  124. ↑ Löger becomes Vice Chancellor: These are the new transitional ministers , Kleine Zeitung, May 22, 2019
  125. ↑ Kurz could be the first to be mistrusted. , Courier, May 21, 2019.
  126. ↑ 78th National Council meeting: National Council expresses mistrust throughout the federal government. In: parlament.gv.at . Retrieved September 30, 2019.
  127. ↑ Franz Hollauf: So SPÖ, FPÖ, NOW brought Chancellor Kurz down. In: Krone.at. May 27, 2019, accessed October 1, 2019 .
  128. ^ Government relieved and sworn in again: Löger Interim Chancellor. In: kurier.at . May 28, 2019. Retrieved May 28, 2019 .
  129. ↑ After a vote of no confidence: Kurz is the shortest serving chancellor. May 28, 2019, accessed May 31, 2019 .
  130. ↑ Cornelius Lenguth: Sebastian Kurz or: The victory of opportunism . Sheets for German and International Politics 7/19, pp. 14-16
  131. ↑ Kurz relies on Kurz, Kurz und Kurz in the election campaign , Der Standard, May 28, 2019.
  132. ↑ Kurz likes to portray himself as a victim , Süddeutsche Zeitung, June 30, 2019
  133. ↑ Filzmaier: ÖVP stages Kurz as having been wrongly attacked , Wiener Zeitung, July 29, 2019
  134. ^ Election campaign: Victim myth about "poor boy" and attacks from all sides , Der Standard, July 30, 2019
  135. ↑ ÖVP nominated Kurz as a top candidate. In: orf.at . 29 May 2019
  136. ↑ The shredder affair reaches ex-Chancellor Kurz. Spiegel on July 23, 2019
  137. ↑ a b For Kurz and Kern: Shredding for the Chancellery is legitimate. In: orf.at . August 26, 2019, accessed September 14, 2019 .
  138. ↑ WKStA: No connection between "Ibiza video" and shredding. In: orf.at . September 2, 2019, accessed September 17, 2019 .
  139. ↑ Austria election 2019: Postal voters make Kurz's victory even bigger . In: The world . September 30, 2019 ( welt.de [accessed October 1, 2019]).
  140. ↑ National Council election 2019. Preferential votes nationwide. Federal Ministry of the Interior , October 14, 2019, p. 1 , accessed on October 17, 2019 .
  141. ↑ National Council election: Shortly with preferential votes in the federal government clearly first, Kickl before Hofer. In: derStandard.at . October 16, 2019, accessed October 18, 2019 .
  142. ↑ Briefly should form a new government
  143. ↑ ÖVP unanimously elected Kurz as club chairman. In: news.orf.at. October 22, 2019, accessed February 11, 2021 .
  144. ↑ New NR-MPs sworn in. In: ORF.at . January 10, 2020, accessed January 15, 2020 .
  145. ↑ False statement: Investigations against Kurz , website: orf.at of May 12, 2021.
  146. ↑ "Have a clear conscience": Briefly stands out against accusations , website: orf.at from May 12, 2021.
  147. ↑ VP country chiefs stand behind Kurz: "Unsteady allegations" , website: nachrichten.at from May 13, 2021.
  148. ↑ Frank M. Rauch: Plutonium, Iran and Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty , in Friday on February 14, 2014
  149. ↑ Christian Ultsch: Kurz calls for the abolition of nuclear weapons in Die Presse on September 26, 2018
  150. ↑ Announcement on the website of the Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs, accessed on June 14, 2019
  151. ↑ Part one of the short program: Lower taxes, cut social benefits for immigrants. In: Kurier.at. September 4, 2017. Retrieved November 13, 2018 .
  152. ↑ Michael Sprenger: Chancellor Kurz in an interview with TT: “We will introduce the digital tax”. In: tt.com. December 29, 2018, accessed on December 31, 2018 .
  153. ↑ Part one of the short program: Lower taxes, cut social benefits for immigrants. In: Kurier.at. September 4, 2017. Retrieved November 13, 2018 .
  154. ↑ Part one of the short program: Lower taxes, cut social benefits for immigrants. In: Kurier.at. September 4, 2017. Retrieved November 13, 2018 .
  155. ↑ New law on working hours with a 12-hour day passed. In: nachrichten.at. Oberösterreichische Nachrichten , July 5, 2018, accessed on November 18, 2018 .
  156. ↑ Operation Gleichklang: Whoever pulls the strings for Kurz and Strache , Kurier, February 11, 2018
  157. ↑ Message Control or: Please no questions , Niederösterreichische Nachrichten, May 28, 2019
  158. ↑ Freedom of the Press in Austria - Atmosphere of Fear , Der Spiegel, May 23, 2019
  159. ↑ Sebastian Kurz: His wavering between statesman and election tactician , profile, May 25, 2019
  160. ↑ Leila Al-Serori : Sebastian Kurz, the "young Metternich". In: Kurier. January 16, 2014, accessed on May 15, 2017 .
  161. ↑ Ranking: Sebastian Kurz in "winners on the world stage". In: . The Press December 1st, 2014, accessed on May 15, 2017 . More common were European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi .
  162. ↑ Anna von Bayern: Euro-Star: That is what makes Austria's foreign minister so successful. In: Focus. Retrieved September 29, 2016 .
  163. ↑ Simon Shuster: A New Kind of Statesman. In: Time . March 2, 2017. Retrieved March 6, 2017 .
  164. ↑ Sebastian Kurz. Macron des Ostens, Macron der Migration welt.de, accessed on accessed on January 3, 2019.
  165. ↑ Merkel and her shadow man nzz.ch, accessed on January 3, 2019
  166. ↑ The master diplomat cicero.de, accessed on January 3, 2019
  167. ↑ Franz Schandl: Black wonder whirlpool. In: Friday. March 16, 2016. Retrieved May 15, 2017 .
  168. ↑ Eric Frey : The Paradox to Sebastian Kurz. August 11, 2017. Retrieved September 14, 2017 .
  169. ↑ Press comments: "Kurz is very similar to Jörg Haider". In: kurier.at. October 13, 2017, accessed on August 16, 2018 .
  170. ↑ a b Der Standard: Kurz defends himself against the designation "far-right" . June 30 / July 1, 2018, page 13
  171. ↑ a b Embassy contacted "Financial Times" for short article. June 28, 2018. Retrieved July 8, 2018 .
  172. ^ Edward Luce: Donald Trump and the 1930s playbook: liberal democracy comes unstuck. In: ft.com . Retrieved July 8, 2018 .
  173. ↑ "Far Right" In short: journalist did not apologize. Retrieved July 8, 2018 .
  174. ↑ "hush Chancellor" is Austrian word of the year 2018. In: sn.at . December 6, 2018, accessed December 6, 2018 .
  175. ↑ Annual preview: Who will be important abroad in 2019? December 28, 2018, accessed February 14, 2019 .
  176. ^ Norbert Mappes-Niediek: The Austrian emergency solution. www.mittelbayerische.de, June 6, 2019
  177. ↑ Roger de Weck: The power of democracy. An answer to the authoritarian reactionaries. Berlin, Suhrkamp 2020, p. 29
  178. ↑ a b heute.at: Shredder Gate: Kern briefly issues an ultimatum , July 26, 2019
  179. ↑ WORLD: Jean Asselborn: Europe fell for Sebastian Kurz . In: THE WORLD . September 11, 2020 ( welt.de [accessed September 12, 2020]).
  180. ↑ "Turquoise Autocracy?" Jan Böhmermann prays for Austria and Sebastian Kurz. Accessed on May 13, 2021 (Austrian German).
  181. ↑ Sebastian Kurz - the Penate Chancellor & his turquoise family | ZDF Magazine Royale. Retrieved on May 13, 2021 (German).
  182. ↑ “Then a whole country belongs to you”: Böhmermann's “Short Sermon”, Bayerischer Rundfunk, May 7, 2021
  183. ↑ Böhmermann with full force against Sebastian Kurz Stuttgarter Nachrichten, May 11, 2021
  184. ↑ Europe's Jews honor Kurz with “Jerusalem Navigator”. In: Die Presse November 20, 2018.
  185. ↑ Kurz receives the German Media Freedom Prize In: orf.at April 15, 2021.
  186. ↑ Theo Anders / derstandard.at: New short biography: The Vita of Saint Sebastian (critical review )
personal data
SURNAME In short, Sebastian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian politician (ÖVP), party chairman, retired Federal Minister D. and Federal Chancellor
DATE OF BIRTH August 27, 1986
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna