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Tschusch (female Tschuschin , in Upper Austria and Salzburg Tschutsch ) is a colloquial and derogatory term in Austrian German for a member of a Slavic , Southeast European or Oriental people.

etymology

There are several theories about the origin of the word:

• According to the dictionary of Bavarian dialects in Austria , the term is derived from čuješ (pronounced: 'Tschujesch'; Bosnian / Croatian / Serbian present tense, 2nd person singular of the verb čuti (to hear): “hear” or Viennese heast ). It was used from around 1860 to 1880, when South Slavic workers were increasingly calling out this word during the construction work on the southern railway line .
• Another theory says that the word derives from the Serbo-Croatian interjection ćuš (pronounced: 'tjusch'), which was used to drive pack animals. This exclamation was then also used as the name for the load drivers. In the course of the occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary in 1878 , this name was then used for the new ethnic group .
• The Viennese economic historian and Slavist Wolfgang Rohrbach locates the origin of the word in the vicinity of the Habsburg military border (Krajina). The Slovenian swear word čúš corresponds to the German "Tschusch" and is derived from the Turkish word çavuş ( NCO , German " Tschausch "). "Tschauschen" were originally heralds or court officials of the Sultan. The word was widespread in the southern Slavic areas conquered by the Ottomans and has taken on the meaning of " wedding bitterness " in folklore . In German East Africa , colored NCOs of the protection and police force were called "Tschauschen".

Examples

The term Tschusch is a feature of Austrian culture or everyday culture and was thematized in several works:

• In the satirical double conference Travnicek on vacation by Carl Merz and Helmut Qualtinger (1958, spoken by Gerhard Bronner and Helmut Qualtinger), the sullen and cynical Viennese Trávníček “grunts” about his vacation in Yugoslavia, among other things because he is with the “Tschuschen” who live there “Couldn't have entertained. The term is also mentioned in the play Travnicek and the new Vienna .
• In order to counteract the incipient xenophobia against guest workers in the time of the first oil crisis , posters were posted in Austria in 1973 - as part of a private campaign - that showed a boy in lederhosen looking up at an evidently southern person, with the following text:

I hate Kolarić

you hate Kolarić

Why say Tschusch to you?

(My name is Kolarić, your name is Kolarić. Why do they say Tschusch to you?)

The poster thematizes the fact that old Austrian assimilated or acculturated Austrians of Slavic origin disparagingly refer to their recently immigrated fellow citizens as “Tschuschen”. This observation is presented as contradicting from a child's point of view.

• In 1983, Rainhard Fendrich sang in "Alte Helden" from the LP "Auf und vom " about a " clan Bua " who wants to be like his father, who raves about the past ("The father shines with pride and explains that everything is different ”). The boy is getting bigger and wants to be a hero like his father. “His friends think exactly like him. For homeland and pure blood, the Tschuschn fall like crazy. "
• In the song Drago by the Austrian band STS , the word Tschusch appears: It only takes three people to be together and there is already a Tschusch, a Jew or a Negro. (Only three people have to come together and one of them is the Tschusch , the Jew or the Negro .) The word is also used in the song Das neue Vaterland : He is ready to hunt, ready to lead, ready for the new fatherland . It should be noted that both songs are works against xenophobia.
• Lukas Resetarits ' famous sketch Tschusch-Tschusch first appeared in 1983 on the album Werwolfromantik by the group Drahdiwaberl . He satirically dealt with prejudices “real Viennese” against Yugoslav and Turkish “Tschuschen”.
• In civil engineering , many migrant workers are employed and sings Wolfgang Ambros in 1975 published song De Kinettn wo i schlof (The Künette where I sleep), "De Tschuschen kumman and i muass mi schleichn, otherwise zagns mi to!" (The Tschuschen come and I have to go away, otherwise they'll report me.)
• Directed by Diagonale 07 winner Jakob M. Erwa , ORF filmed a five-part mini - series called Tschuschen: power about young Viennese of foreign descent from August 2007 . The mini-series was broadcast at the turn of the month of March / April 2009, but the audience ratings were disappointing for the station.
• The former Austrian hip-hop band Beauty Defects also deals with the topic of Tschuschen in the song Ich dran (from the album Broj Jedan ). This is about the children of the 2nd and 3rd generation of immigrants in Austria. Frontman Milo (Milan Šimić) is of Croatian descent himself. This song contains the word “Tschuschen” from the Qualtinger performance mentioned above as a sample and remix.
• The Turkish-Austrian hip-hop band Esrap addresses the word in their song "Der Tschusch ist da"
• Already in the propaganda on the occasion of the referendum in Carinthia in 1920 , the Serbs were referred to as "Tschuschen" on leaflets, deliberately differentiating them from the ethnic Slovenes in Carinthia.
• In the film Die Migrantigen , a customer tells the head of an advertising agency, after rejecting his drafts, that he expected something more chatty from him .

See also

• Wiener Tschuschenkapelle - self-designation in the sense of an ethnic pride

literature

• Peter Wehle : Do you speak Viennese? From Adaxl to Zwutschkerl. Vienna, Heidelberg 1980, ISBN 3-8000-3165-5 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Austrian Dictionary ³⁹ , 611.
2. ↑ Robert Sedlaczek: “Tschusch!” Through the ages. Wiener Zeitung , February 15, 2006 (accessed November 25, 2013).
3. ↑ Wolfgang Rohrbach: In the footsteps of the Serbs of Vienna ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) ( MS Word ; 161 kB) Wiener Geschichtsblätter, vol. 56, 2001, issue 3, p. 186 f.
4. ↑ Michael Reichmayr: Ardigata! Crucinal! A Slovene swear dictionary based on work by Josef Matl (1897-1974) on German-Slavic language and cultural contact . Scientific publication series of the Pavelhaus , Volume 1, 2003. ISBN 3-9501567-3-9 , pp. 202f.
5. ↑ ČĀʾŪ SH , in: Encyclopaedia of Islam ² , II, 16.
6. ↑ Narodni običaji , in: Encyclopedia of Yugoslavia ¹ , VI, 246th
7. ↑ Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon (1920), III, 261.
8. ^ Carl Merz, Helmut Qualtinger: Travniceks collected works. Preiser Records, Vienna 1988.
9. ↑ Poster "I hate Kolaric, you hate Kolaric, why say Tschusch to you?" , 1973
10. ↑ Ursula Hemetek (ed.): In the beginning there was Kolaric. Posters against racism and xenophobia . Mandelbaum, March 2002. ISBN 3-854-76067-1
11. ↑ ORF customer service: tschuschen: power - shooting the new ORF miniseries in Vienna ( Memento from July 16, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
12. ↑ Report in the standard
13. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogjhowdiZPk [Esrap - The Tschusch is back]