Michael Mayr

This article deals with the Austrian historian and politician Michael Mayr . For persons of the same name, see Michael Mayr (disambiguation)

Michael Mayr

Michael Mayr (born April 10, 1864 in Adlwang in Upper Austria ; † May 21, 1922 in Waldneukirchen in Upper Austria) was an Austrian historian and politician of the Christian Social Party . From July 7, 1920, Mayr was State Chancellor , when the Federal Constitutional Law came into force on November 10, 1920, he was Austria's first Federal Chancellor and served until June 1, 1921.

Life

Michael Mayr studied history and geography at the University of Vienna and received his doctorate in 1890. From 1897 to 1920, Mayr was David von Schönherr's successor and head of the Tyrolean State Archives . In 1900 he became Professor of New History at the University of Innsbruck .

Mayr's political career began during the time of the monarchy ; from 1907 to 1911 he was a member of the Reichsrat , from 1908 to 1914 a member of the Tyrolean state parliament .

In 1916 Mayr called for South Tyrol to be expanded far into the Italian country and pleaded for the artificial Germanization of Italian names in Welschtirol .

In 1918/19 Mayr was the Tyrolean envoy in Switzerland , where he negotiated with envoys of the Entente Powers about a separate republic or a Free State of Tyrol. As a Tyrolean member of the Provisional National Assembly , he and the other Tyroleans demanded the right of the country to separate from Austria.

In his third government from October 17, 1919 to July 7, 1920, Karl Renner made him State Secretary for work on the Austrian constitution.

In 1919/20 Mayr was an elected member of the Constituent National Assembly and, as a representative of the Christian Socialists , negotiated with the Social Democrats on the Federal Constitutional Act, which was passed on October 1, 1920 and entered into force on November 10, 1920 . As in (the same year a decision of the Social Democrats after the first parliamentary elections agreed that ended) coalition, he took over on July 7, 1920 with the State Government Mayr I , a transition proportional Cabinet, the Office of the Chancellor of Karl Renner ( SDAPÖ ), who became State Secretary for Foreign Affairs (Foreign Minister); from November 10, 1920 the title of Federal Chancellor was valid. As such, Mayr had also been Foreign Minister since October 22, when the Social Democrats left the cabinet . The National Council , which met for the first time on November 10, 1920, elected the Mayr II federal government on November 20 , a Christian-social minority cabinet supported by allies in the “third camp”.

Because of an intended vote in Styria on annexation to Germany - the government had committed itself in the Treaty of Saint-Germain in 1919 to keep Austria independent - Mayr resigned as Chancellor on June 1, 1921; ran the business until June 21, 1921, when the federal government Schober I was sworn in.

He was a member of AV Austria Innsbruck , then in the CV , today in the ÖCV .

Publications

• Michael Mayr: Wolfgang Lazius as historian of Austria: a contribution to the historiography of the 16th century. With additions to the biography . E-Book of the University Library Vienna ( eBooks on Demand ) of the edition from 1894 (Innsbruck, Wagner'sche Universitätsbuchhandlung)
• Michael Mayr: Italian irredentism: its origin and development primarily in Tyrol . Tyrolia, Innsbruck 1917

Individual evidence

1. ^ Friedrich Heer : The struggle for Austrian identity , Böhlau, Graz 1981, ISBN 3-205-07155-7 , p. 377
2. ↑ Rudolf Spitzer: Karl Seitz : Orphan Boy - State President - Mayor of Vienna , Franz Deuticke, Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-7005-4643-2 , p. 78

literature

• Robert Kriechbaumer: Between threats of invasion, referendums and financial collapse. Politics in the shadow of the disaster. The Michael Mayr government 1920/21 . In: Robert Kriechbaumer, Wolfgang Mueller, Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.): Politics and the military in the 19th and 20th centuries. Festschrift for Manfried Rauchsteiner. Vienna-Cologne-Weimar: Böhlau Verlag 2017. ISBN 978-3-205-20417-6 , pp. 257-281.
• Walter Landi: Michael Mayr: dallo Lieutenancy Archive di Innsbruck al cancellierato della Prima Repubblica Austriaca. Carriera e percorso politico di uno storico tirolese. In: Giuseppe Albertoni et al. (Ed.): La storia va alla guerra. Storici dell'area trentino-tirolese tra polemiche nazionali e primo conflitto mondiale (Studi e Ricerche 18). Trento: Università degli Studi di Trento 2018. ISBN 978-88-8443-825-6 , pp. 37-92.
• Goldinger:  Mayr Michael. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 5, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1972, p. 439 f. (Direct links on p. 439 , p. 440 ).
• Hermann JW Kuprian:  Mayr, Michael. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 16, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-428-00197-4 , p. 565 f. ( Digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Michael Mayr  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Michael Mayr in the catalog of the German National Library
• Michael Mayr on the website of the Austrian Parliament
• Entry on Michael Mayr in the Austria Forum  (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )