Ernst Streeruwitz

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Ernst Streeruwitz (1929)
Coat of arms of the Streer von Streeruwitz family, 1748.

Ernst Streeruwitz (until 1919 Ritter Streer von Streeruwitz ) (born September 23, 1874 in Mies , Böhmen , † October 19, 1952 in Vienna ) was an Austrian officer , industrial manager and politician of the Christian Social Party . From 1923 to 1934 he was a member of the National Council , and in 1929 he held the office of Federal Chancellor for a few months . He was an advocate of the authoritarian corporate state and later of the "connection of Austria" to the German Reich .

Life

Ernst Streer Ritter von Streeruwitz was born on September 23, 1874 in Mies (Bohemia) as the son of the Reichsrat and Landtag member Georg Adolf Streer Ritter von Streeruwitz. He came from a Frisian family who immigrated to Bohemia and was ennobled in 1743. In 1748 the family received the Bohemian knighthood and the title "von Streeruwitz".

Streeruwitz graduated from grammar school, then the Theresian Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt and became a lieutenant in 1895. He served as a career officer in the kuk Dragoon Regiment No. 7 and in the General Staff. In 1899 he served at the war school, but fell seriously ill in 1900 and had to quit active military service. He then went on to study law at the University of Vienna and studied mechanical engineering for four years at the Technical University in Vienna.

In the years 1901–1903 the estate and factory property of the Franz Leitenberger company, Josefstal (Bohemia), was reorganized by Streeruwitz. From 1904 to 1913 he was director of Cosmanos AG, which is also located in Bohemia.

With the beginning of the First World War he entered voluntarily and advanced to Rittmeister (captain). Since he was unfit for front duty due to his previous illness, he was employed in the Austro-Hungarian War Ministry . Here he made great contributions to the protection of prisoners of war. For this he was awarded the Franz Joseph Order , the Signum Laudis with war decoration and the Iron Cross . After the end of the monarchy in Austria-Hungary , the abolition of the nobility was decided in 1919, and Knight Streer von Streeruwitz became Streeruwitz .

In January 1919 he returned to industry, where he had briefly held the management post of Neunkirchner Druckfabrik AG in 1914. In 1925 he became general director of Neunkirchner Druckfabrik AG. From 1923 to 1934, as a representative of the Christian-social list, he was a member of the Austrian National Council ( II. , III. And IV. Legislative period ). There he also represented the interests of Austrian industry. Streeruwitz was one of the leading members of various parliamentary committees and stood up especially for the trade-political understanding of Austria. He made special efforts to bring about a new Austrian customs tariff and was able to combine the conflicting interests of industry and agriculture.

A draft law drafted by him was elevated to law as the "Bank Liability Act". He also acted as a government representative on the occasion of the collapse of the Central Bank of German Savings Banks in the Republic of Austria and was thus able to end the "run" on the central bank, whereby he was able to save the reserves of a large number of savings and cooperative banks. After he had already carried out the reorganization of the state mortgage bank for Lower Austria as its chief curator, a state mortgage company for Burgenland was also established through his application.

Memorial plaque on his home at 15 Skodagasse

After the resignation of the Seipel government , Ernst Streeruwitz was appointed Federal Chancellor of the Republic of Austria on May 4, 1929.

In September 1929, Streeruwitz stayed in Geneva, where he led the negotiations for the liberation of the Republic of Austria from reparation obligations from the First World War. In the meantime, the domestic political situation in the republic had clearly deteriorated due to the strengthened Home Guard movement . Streeruwitz, who actually wanted to bring about a comprehensive constitutional reform to ease the situation, suddenly found himself faced with difficulties that he was no longer able to solve with his cabinet. He therefore resigned, triggered by the resignation of his Finance Minister Dr. Mittelberger returned as Federal Chancellor on September 25, 1929, not without first proposing former Federal Chancellor Schober as his successor.

Streeruwitz, who always stood up for the interests of industry, was vice-president of the Vienna Chamber of Commerce from 1927 to 1930 and also its president from 1930 to 1935. In addition to other association activities within Austrian industry, he was, among other things, a board member of the main industry association and a member of the Society of Friends of the Technical University in Vienna.

In 1938 he retired into private life and resumed his studies in political science, which he had interrupted in 1900, at the University of Vienna, where he received his doctorate in 1939. rer. pole. PhD .

Works

  • Order and structure of the world economy (1931)
  • How It Was (1934)
  • Spring tide over Austria (1937)
  • Peacekeeping and its Methods (1937)

literature

  • The Great Book of the Austrians , Kremayr & Scherian
  • Family Archives of the House of Nobles from Janecek

Web links

Commons : Ernst Streeruwitz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ portafontium.eu - Mies (Stříbro) baptismal register, Böhmen, 1869–1884, page 123, 4th line
personal data
SURNAME Streeruwitz, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Streeruwitz, Ritter Streer von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian officer, industrial manager and politician (CSP), member of the National Council
DATE OF BIRTH September 23, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH bad
DATE OF DEATH October 19, 1952
Place of death Vienna