Emmerich Czermak

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Buresch's cabinet with Federal President Wilhelm Miklas, Emmerich Czermak standing, third from the left (1932).

Emmerich Czermak (born March 14, 1885 in Datschitz , Margraviate Moravia , Austria-Hungary , † April 18, 1965 in Vienna ) was an Austrian high school director, politician ( Christian Social Party ) and education minister.

Life

Emmerich Czermak attended grammar school in Iglau and then studied geography and history at the University of Vienna , where he received his doctorate in 1907. He taught at the Realgymnasium Stockerau and became a local councilor in 1921 and vice mayor of the city in 1927; from 1921 he was also a member of the Lower Austrian state parliament . Since the 1920s he was a member of the Catholic-German national German community , which also included Arthur Seyß-Inquart , Engelbert Dollfuss , Karl Wache , Robert Hohlbaum and Hermann Neubacher .

The distinguished CVer (Nordgau Vienna, Babenberg Vienna, Saxo-Bavaria Prague) and pronounced anti-Semite worked as Minister of Education from 1929 to 1932 and acted as the last chairman of the Christian Social Party. In the spring of 1934, under pressure from Dollfuss, he had to dissolve the party; it was absorbed into the Fatherland Front . From 1934 he was president of the state school board for Lower Austria until he was ousted by the Nazis in 1938 .

He was involved with other members of the Nordgau in the establishment of the Ostgau Neutischein.

In his 1933 publication “Order in the Jewish Question”, Czermak advocated a solution through Zionism and emigration to Palestine . On behalf of Schuschnigg , he then made contact with “national Jews”, who were led by Oskar Karbach at the time, and wrote to him in a letter: “[...] We like to meet the Jewish people and their national religion with full respect. We want to see them protected, but also protect ourselves. Not from the confessors of the Jewish religion and nation, but from the nationally and religiously homeless pests who are to blame for the destruction of the values ​​of their own and the host people that have become incomprehensible to them . [...] "

After 1945 Czermak worked as a public administrator in the insurance industry. He was the father of the physician Hans Czermak .

His estate is in the archive of the Institute for Contemporary History at the University of Vienna.

Awards

Fonts

  • History of Hermann, Margrave of Baden and Duke of Austria and Styria. 1248-1250 . In: Annual report on the Lower Austrian regional high school and the associated regional commercial school in Krems . Volume 1911/12. Krems 1912.
  • Order in the Jewish question? With contributions by Emmerich Czermak: Understanding with Judaism? and Oskar Karbach: Turning the state's Jewish policy . (Documents compiled by the editors of the reports on cultural and contemporary history). 4. Special edition of the reports on cultural and contemporary history. Edited by Nikolaus Hovorka. Reinhold Verlag, Leipzig-Vienna 1933.
  • Art to the people . (Ed. Emmerich Czermak). Publishing house of the Cultural Department of the Fatherland Front of the Lower Austria Regional Management, Vienna 1936.
  • Benjamin Disraeli (Lord Beaconsfield): The Jewish world domination . Translated and explained by Lothar von Mitis. Along with a foreword by Emmerich Czermak. Publishing house O. Hillmann, Leipzig 1937.
  • Democracy and the right to vote . Europa Verlag, Vienna 1948.

literature

  • Austrians of the present. Lexicon of creative and creative contemporaries . Edited by the Austria Institute. Verlag der Österreichische Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1951, p. 38.
  • The great book of the Austrians . Compiled by Walter Kleindel with the assistance of Hans Veigl . Verlag Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1987, ISBN 3-218-00455-1 , p. 67.
  • Isabella Ackerl , Friedrich Weissensteiner: Austrian Personal Lexicon of the First and Second Republic . Ueberreuter Verlag, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-8000-3464-6 , p. 72.
  • Austria Lexicon in two volumes . Volume 1. Ed. By Richard and Maria Bamberger, Ernst Bruckmüller, Karl Gutkas. Verlagsgemeinschaft Österreich-Lexikon, Vienna 1995, ISBN 3-95004-380-2 , p. 202.
  • Karin Stögner: Czermak, _Emmerich , in: Handbuch des Antisemitismus , Volume 2/1, 2009, p. 157f.
  • Michael Dippelreiter: Emmerich Czermak - sketch of a life picture . In: Yearbook for regional studies of Lower Austria. New series, vol. 85, 2019, pp. 667–683.

Web links

Commons : Emmerich Czermak  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinrich Obermüller: Forbidden and persecuted. Catholic connections at middle and higher schools in the German-speaking area. Austrian Association for Student History, Vienna 1991, p. 246
  2. ↑ Lucian O. Meysels : The Austrofascism . Amalthea, Vienna 1992, ISBN 3-85002-320-6 , pp. 54f.
    Meysel's comment on this: “By 'pests' we obviously meant the ' red ' Jews. In this regard, nothing has changed since Lueger's famous saying 'Whoever is a Jew', 'I determine' ”.
  3. ↑ https://www.univie.ac.at/zeitgeschichte/ogz/archiv/nl.html ; NL43
personal data
SURNAME Czermak, Emmerich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian politician (CSP), member of the state parliament
DATE OF BIRTH March 14, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Datschitz , Moravia
DATE OF DEATH April 18, 1965
Place of death Vienna