Wilhelm Elbow

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Wilhelm Elbow

Wilhelm Ellenbogen (born July 10, 1863 in Lundenburg (Břeclav) , Moravia (July 9, 1863 according to his own information), † February 25, 1951 in New York ) was an Austrian doctor and social democratic politician.

Life

As the son of an elementary school teacher, he initially worked as a doctor in Vienna (AKH) after his studies, but was also involved in the Social Democratic Workers 'Party (SDAP) and in 1891 became head of the "Teaching Association of Workers' Education and Professional Associations Vienna". From 1901 to 1918 he worked for the SDAP as a member of the Reichsrat . At the International Socialist Congresses ( Second International ) in 1900, 1907 and 1910 he was active as a lecturer (topics: socialization of the means of production, immigration and emigration of workers and the unification of socialist organizations, the situation in Argentina, Finland, Persia and Turkey).

Simmering fire hall - urn grave by Wilhelm Ellenbogen

After his activity in the Provisional National Assembly (1918/19) he was active from 1919 to 1934 as a member of the constituent National Assembly or as a member of the National Council. From 1919 he acted as President of the State Commission for Socialization and from 1919 to 1920 he held the function of Undersecretary for Trade and Industry.

In the 1920s, Ellenbogen dealt intensively with the form of rule of fascism and openly denounced the close relationship between Federal Chancellor Ignaz Seipel (1922/24 and 1926/29) and Mussolini , especially against the background of the South Tyrol question and the oppression pursued by the fascists - and denationalization policy.

Due to his Jewish origins, he was forced to emigrate in 1938 and in 1940 went from Lisbon to the USA (other notable passengers on this trip: see Erna Sailer ), where he settled in New York. From 1943 to 1945 he was a member of the board of the Austrian Labor Committee (ALC), which, due to the membership or participation of Friedrich Adler, was viewed as the successor organization to the Austrian Socialist Mission ( AVOES ) founded in Brussels in 1938 . His wish to return to Austria after the end of the war was not fulfilled due to the resistance of the new party leadership.

His honorary grave (Department ML, Group 20 A, Number 1 G) is in the urn grove of the Simmering fire hall .

Works

  • What does social democracy want? Vienna 1914.
  • Socialization in Austria. Vienna 1921.
  • Fascism. Ed .: Norbert Leser , Georg Rundel. Vienna 1923.
  • Selected Writings. Vienna 1983.
  • Austrian fascism and us. In: The fight. Volume 26, No. 6, June 1933.

literature

  • Helga Riesinger: Life and work of the Austrian politician W. Ellenbogen. Vienna 1969 (Univ. Vienna, Diss., 1971).
  • Elbow, Wilhelm. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Volume 6: Dore – Fein. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-598-22686-1 , pp. 324-327.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ badatelna.eu - baptismal register Lundenburg (Břeclav), Moravia, 1847–1874, page 114, entry no. 136, 3rd line
  2. ^ Wilhelm Ellenbogen on the website of the Austrian Parliament
  3. ^ Günther Pallaver : Studying South Tyrol in order to understand fascism . In: Hannes Obermair et al. (Hrsg.): Cultures of remembrance of the 20th century in comparison - Culture della memoria del Novecento a confronto (=  booklets on the history of Bolzano 7 ). 1st edition. City of Bozen, Bozen 2014, ISBN 978-88-907060-9-7 , p. 55–63, here: pp. 57–59 .
  4. ^ Wolfgang Neugebauer , Siegwald Ganglmair : Remigration. In: Yearbook DOEW. 2003, pp. 96-102. (PDF file; 24 kB)
personal data
SURNAME Elbow, Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian doctor and social democratic politician, member of the National Council
DATE OF BIRTH July 9, 1863
PLACE OF BIRTH Lundenburg (Břeclav) , Moravia
DATE OF DEATH February 25, 1951
Place of death New York City