Market 11 (Greifswald)
The gabled house at Markt 11 is a listed town house in the old town of Greifswald . With its ornate display gable , the residential warehouse is one of the most important brick Gothic buildings in northern Germany. Today it is used gastronomically as the Marimar café .
history
Community center
The building is located in the northern part of the east side of the Greifswald market square. The property was already built on in the late 13th century, the house was built between the firewalls from this time at the beginning of the 15th century, the viewing gable probably after 1400. It is attributed to the influence of Hinrich Brunsberg , who shaped the medieval brick Gothic in eastern northern Germany . In the 14th and 15th centuries, the house belonged to the Rubenow family, who provided several mayors of the city. In the 17th century the house was owned by the Wolffradt family and later passed to the Corswant family . In 1762 the wine merchant Diek bought the house.
In the middle of the 19th century, the senator and businessman Carl Engel, whose mother was a born Diek, owned the house. Based on a drawing of the entire facade published in 1847 by Georg Gottfried Kallenbach as a template, Engel had the city master builder Moritz Friedrich Becherer convert the first floor. In this supposed reconstruction in 1855/1856, the facade on the ground floor was given a flat neo-Gothic shape in contrast to the upper part and the previous high hallway inside was abandoned. In 1865 the house came to the Vahl family .
County house
It can be assumed that from 1912, after the construction work was completed, the district council held its meetings in the upper hall of the neighboring house at Markt 10. At the same time, the rooms on the ground floor of the Kreissparkasse served as business premises. It is possible that market 11 was rented for the district office. From 1926 onwards, the house was bought at Markt 11. This was rebuilt by 1930 for the needs of the district office, for example by installing a representative staircase. The meeting room, however, remained in house 10 and thus also the coat of arms frieze . This condition remained until after the end of the Second World War .
After 1945
In 1945 the house became the seat of the district command of the Soviet Army . The district office, now the district council , moved into the barracks on Nexö-Platz. During the GDR era, Markt 10 (above) and 11 were mainly used as the headquarters of the SED district leadership. Repair work took place in 1957, 1981 and after the fall of the Wall . In the 1990s the courtyard area was rebuilt. The first and second floors are used by a catering facility.
building
The distinctive display gable of the building's market facade is designed as a pillar-step gable, a special form of the stepped gable . Here, change kantonierte piers , with vertical Maßwerkbändern are decorated with past high glare areas from. Turrets and pinnacles alternate on the outline of the gable . The pinnacles bear neo-Gothic finials . The double hatches and the similar double screens are arranged symmetrically on each floor, each covered by a crab-studded pointed arch . The visual effect of the richly structured facade is enhanced by the alternation of green glazed shaped stones with unglazed ones. The unglazed shaped stones that were used for the pillars, the ends of the double hatches and panels as well as the tracery-filled rosettes are very complex and profiled in small parts. On the south side of the Camminer Dom there is a tracery gallery built around the same time with identical types of shaped stone.
The actual house behind the facade is a two-story building with a gable roof and a half-timbered gable on the courtyard side. The roof construction and the half-timbered back gable date from around 1700. Very little of the medieval and early modern internal structures and furnishings has been preserved due to numerous alterations. The monumental staircase inside, with its completely paneled walls and imitated late Gothic folding work, corresponds to the style of the 1930s. Carvings in the form of ten bas-reliefs show everyday scenes from the life of simple people and various regional references. Further carvings can be found above two doors on the upper floor.
Coat of arms frieze
In the largest room in the southern part of the upper floor there are individual parts of a coat of arms frieze from the 19th century on the walls.
In 1806 an administrative reform was started in Swedish-Pomerania , in which the previous districts were dissolved and four offices were formed, which were designated as districts from 1810 onwards. The Greifswald district was created from the Greifswald and Wolgast districts. According to the Greifswald City Archives, the administrative headquarters were initially located on Steinbeckerstrasse. Around 1880 the district building was established in today's Bahnhofstrasse 46/47 (now the Art Institute of the University of Greifswald ). It was there that the district's own savings bank was formed. A coat of arms frieze of the estate members, consisting of the 24 coats of arms of the landlords and 3 coats of arms of the cities, was installed in the meeting room of the district building. This frieze is carved from wood and surrounded by baroque tendrils. The coats of arms are colored according to the original coat of arms colors . It is not known how this frieze was arranged. The time of manufacture is also not known, but based on the dates of the goods and their owners, it can be narrowed down to the period between 1877 and 1892. The city coat of arms of Greifswald was probably one of them, because the city only became a district in 1913 . Since the frieze was later implemented several times, it was divided into several parts.
A few years after the SED district leadership moved in, the frieze was dismantled and given to the city museum, but not exhibited. When the coat of arms frieze was to be shown to the public again after 1990, the previous location in the hall of the Markt 10 building was occupied by the Sparkasse. In 1994 there was the possibility of installing the frieze in the largest room on the upper floor in the house at Markt 11, into which a café had moved. There it is now available to the public on loan from the Pomeranian State Museum .
- Coat of arms frieze
Part of the coat of arms frieze in the former Greifswald district building
Coat of arms detail in the district house - increased - district chairman Buggenhagen
Coat of arms of the von Corswant family
Coat of arms of the von Vahl family
Coat of arms of the von Wolffradt family
literature
- Dirk Brandt, André Lutze, Felix Schönrock: Bürgerhaus Markt 11. In: Greifswald contributions to city history, monument preservation, urban redevelopment. Special issue, 4th year, Hanseatic City of Greifswald, Stadtbauamt, Greifswald 2010, pp. 44–47.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Karsten Igel: Between community center and women's shelter. City design, land ownership and social structure in late medieval Greifswald. (= Urban research. Publications of the Institute for Comparative Urban History in Münster. Series A, representations. Vol. 71), Böhlau Verlag, Cologne Weimar 2010, ISBN 978-3-412-33105-4 , p. 390.
- ^ A b c Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . Part 4, Vol. 1, W. Dietze, Anklam 1866, p. 849 ( Google Books ).
Coordinates: 54 ° 5 ′ 45.3 " N , 13 ° 22 ′ 56.4" E