Martin Chladni

Martin Chladni , also Chladen, Chladenius, Chladenio , (born October 25, 1669 in Kremnitz , Kingdom of Hungary , today: Slovakia ; † September 12, 1725 in Wittenberg ), was a Lutheran theologian .

Life

As the son of the Lutheran clergyman Georg Chladni (1637–1692) and his wife Catharina (née Clement), Martin Chladni probably unconsciously experienced the persecution of his family by the Bishop of Neutra . Due to their Protestant faith, the family felt compelled to leave Hungary on October 19, 1673 for fear of further attacks. The family reached Görlitz via Breslau on November 18 , where Georg was tutored by his father until he was six years old.

From 1675 he attended grammar school in Görlitz, in 1681 he moved to Sorau , where he was already studying Greek, Hebrew and Latin. At his father's request, he moved to the grammar school in Grimma in 1683 , then, when it was renovated, he moved to the state school in Meißen . However, since his father was unable to finance his studies, he found honorable patrons in the von Gersdorff family and enrolled at the University of Wittenberg on June 16, 1688 .

He was accepted into the house of the then adjunct of the philosophical faculty Johann Baptist Röschel and, under the guidance of Professors Johann Deutschmann , Michael Walther and Christian Röhrensee, was a promising student who received an electoral scholarship after a year. On April 28, 1691, he completed the academic master's degree from the philosophical faculty and then worked as a scholar at Caspar Löscher's private school.

He also attended lectures at the university and in 1694 went to Dresden to teach the children of the privy councilor Bernhard Zech . In 1695 he was ordained as a pastor in Übigau , in 1703 he took over a pastor's position in Lausick and in 1703 he became senior pastor and superintendent in Jessen . Thereupon he went back to Wittenberg in 1704 in order to acquire the academic degree of a licentiate in theology that was necessary for the superintendent's position there in March . After Valentin Ernst Löscher and Johann Georg Neumann left the Wittenberg university operations of the theological faculty, Chladni was appointed to the fourth position as full professor of theology, which he took up on February 28, 1710.

During this time, Chladni dealt primarily with the adventurer Johann Konrad Dippel , who wanted to combine the belief in mysterious natural powers and mystical arts with pietism . After another professorship at the theological faculty became vacant in 1712, Chadni rose to the third professorship and read about the Pauli epistles . In 1719 he took over the second professorship at the theological faculty, thus becoming provost at the Wittenberg Castle Church and joining the Wittenberg consortium as a consistorial councilor . Several times he took over the deanery of the theological faculty and from autumn 1720 to Easter 1721 he was rector of the institution according to the custom of the Wittenberg University.

Chladni campaigned for the purity of Lutheran teaching and argued with adherents of the old apostolic faith . Furthermore he campaigned for the union with the Reformed Forces in the Evangelical Church.

Since July 18, 1699, Chladni was married to Charitas (buried on June 15, 1743 in the castle church), the sixth daughter of the Protestant theologian Justus Sieber . Of the eleven children from the marriage, two sons and three daughters died prematurely in childhood. Among the children are known Justus Georg Chladni , Theodor (who was a country physician in Grossenhain), Johann Martin Chladni , Benjamin Gottlob, Ernst Martin Chladni and Benedicta Hedwig († before 1725).

His health was accompanied by hypochondriac seizures. On August 23, 1725 he fell ill with a fever and died at 11:00 on September 12, 1725. On September 30, he was buried in the Wittenberg Castle Church.

Works

Books and tracts

Commentatio de Ecclesiis Colchicis cum Praesat. Conradi Sam. Schutzfleichii, Wittenberg 1702
The transfigured Jesus or 12 reflections on the history of the transfiguration of Christ, Wittenberg 1709
Institutiones Homileticae regulis & observationibus luculentissimis instructae, Wittenberg 1724
Institutiones Exegeticae regulis & observationibus luculentissimis instructae Wittenberg 1725
Institutiones Theologiae Moralis, regulis & observationibus luculentissimis instructae, cum Praefart. D. Gottlieb Wernsdorffii, Wittenberg 1726
Uplifting handbook of devout prayers, Wittenberg 1721
Institutiones Passionales fuccinctae, Editore MJGH, Schneeberg 1732

Sermons

The innocent frolocken in the huts of the righteous: or three evangelical jubilation = preached at the three-day jubilation festival, Wittenberg 1717
Zwey Eedle goods from salvation = well of Jesus Christ, or funeral sermon to Fr. Cleophe Salome Löscherin, Wittenberg 1717
The joyful peace sermon Esaia to his people, from Isa. LV.6.7. or penitential sermon given in the castle church in Wittenberg, 1720
The evangelical preacher who comes to call sinners to penance: or the inaugural address of God's community in the castle church in Wittenberg, 1719
The holy concern of a believing child of God in the case of the innocent shed blood of an unhappy womb on the XIII. Sundays after Trinity 1720
The innocent and God-sanctified joy of taking on believing souls, presented on the day of St. John the Baptist from the regular feast of the Evangelio, 1712

Orations and Epistles

Caspar Loescherus Alexandro Alexandrino compartus 1719
Allocutio ad Bernhardum, Ludovicum Adolphum & Wilhelmum Ernesttum des Zech 'de obitu Patris Bernhardi Zech & c.
Epistola ad Facultatem Theologicam Wittebergensem de Jubilaeo Academico 1702
Vita Benedicti Nursmi ad Carpzovius filios de obitu Patris Benedicti Carpzovii
Auspicia Seculi Tertii Theologorum ordini Academiae Wittebergensis precatur Mart. Chladenius, 1702
de Syncretismo Sabbatico ad Jo. Hieronymum de Wedig, 1707
Ad Theodorum Dassovium de obitu uxoris 1720
de mente Bernhardi Conner 'circa creationem Evae ad virum excellentissimum Bernhardum Zechium Gratulatio ob matrimonium cum nobiliss. Jobinia consummatum 1708

Dissertations

de Exemplo Principis, Resp. Jo. Christian Dresler, Obernav. Misn. 1691
de Fide & Ritibus Ecclasiae Graecae hodiernae, Resp. Mich. Török, Sopron. Hung. 1693
de Diptychis veterum, Resp.Barthol. Capesio, Schasburg, Trasylv. 1693
de formatione Christi in Galatis, Resp. M. Imman. David Garmann, Annab. Sax. 1710
de asseveratione doctrinae ad Tit. III. 8 per Licentia August. Müller, Past & Superint. Jessensis, 1710
de tactu Dei in gentilibus, Resp. M. Joh. Gottlieb Dehn, Grünb. Misn. 1710
de Monothelismo Honorii Papae, Resp.August Christian. Brunst, Rugian 1710
de conciliatione Mosis & Stephani circa annos Abrahammi Act. VII. 4 Resp. Jo. Guil. Rudolph Svevort. Franc. 1710
de metu diei extremae apud heterodoxos aut intempestivo, aut nullo, Resp. M. Jo. Jac. Stir Dresd. 1711
de ecclesia plantata, Resp. Frid. Karb, Novisol. Hung. 1711
de verbis institutionis in S Coena ex formula Judaica non explicandis, Resp. M. Mich. Herrmann, Bitterf. Sax. 1711
de cognitione Christi fecundum carnem ad 2. Cor. V. 16. Resp. Constant. Fried. Hansch 1711
de haeresibus antiquis falso nobis imputatis, Resp. Wilhelm. Steinbach, Thum. Misn. 1711
de factis factitiis testibus Enthusiasmi in Papismo sufficientissimis, Resp. M. Ant. Günth. Moehring, Servest. Anhalt 1712
de natura absolutionis evangelicae, per Licentia M. Jo. Christianus Buckius, Past. & Superint. Torgaviensis 1712
Vindiciae baptismi Evangelico Lutherani adversus novatorum conatus, Resp. M. Wenc. Sigism. Gerhard, Lignic. Sil. 1712
de cognomine Βοανέγες filiisZebedaei binis imposito Marc. III. 7. Resp. Jo. Hermanno Siricio, Lubec 1717
de computo Dei in salvandis electis, Resp. M. Maurit. Wilhelm Wagner, Martinsb. Past. Lebus. 1712
de violatione templi mystici ad I. Cor. III. 17. Resp. M. Jo Daniel Bodenburg. Mansfeld 1712
Examen Theologiae pacisicae & comparativae a Jacob Gärdino propositae, Resp. M. Daniel Goetze, Stolberg. Misn. 1712
de Philadelphianismo reces Ecclasiae nostrae obolato, Resp. M. Christoph. Ludov, Goldfinch, Lips 1713
Θεολογουμευα Synesii Cyrenensis, Resp. Christoph Richter, Schneeberg. Misn. 1713
de damnis & emolumentis ex controversia circa Theologram impiorum Resp. Christian Teuerlein; Calov. Lus. 1713
de πληςοςία justificatorum cum absolutione ministri conciliabili Resp. Petro Magulacs Hung. 1713
de abrenunciatone baptismali ad I Petr. III. Resp. Me. Gottlieb Sartoeio, Gedan. 1713
de professione fidei baptismali ad I. Petr. III. 21 Resp. M. Imman Henr. Kauderbach Gessing. Misn. 1731
de fide simplici ad 2. Cor. XI. 3 Resp. M. Dan Rosenfeld, Lips. 1715
Trisolium insaustum Chiliasmi, Desmi & Apocatastatismi, Resp. M. Jo Christian. Francke, gels. Misn. 1715
De oeconomiia nova per praeconium poenitentiae extraordinarium non expectanda, Resp. M. Christian. Marbach, Svidn. Sil. 1715
Θεομαχια ex consilio Gamalielis cavenda, Resp.Bartol. Melas, Schasburg, Transylv. 1715
de revelationibus Brigitttae Svecicae, Resp. M. Benjamin Capsio, Emlebio Hohenloico. 1715
de significatione voculae ταϋτο in veribis coenae demonstrativa, non comparativa, Resp. M. Car. Fried. Miner 1715
de visionibus Hildegardis, Resp. David Christian Lange, Wittenberg 1716
de conscientis cauteriata, Resp. M. Friedrich Boltz, Regiom. 1716
Examendoctrinae Quesnellianae de fide justisicante in Bulla papali condemnate: pro Licentia M. Christ. Carol. Stamp past. & Superintend. Jessen 1716
Examen doctrinae Quesnellianae de Ecclessia Diss.altera, Resp.M. Joh.Gottlieb Erlmann, Palaeo Bergera Misn 1718
de spolio seductorum in fideles commisso ad Col II. 8, Resp. M. Christian. Sam. Claro, Witteb. 1717
Vindiciae Reformationis Lutheri, Resp. M. Jo. Godfr. Lessing, Camentio Lus. 1717
Diss. I. Contra Lamindum Pritanium vindicans methodum Evangelicorum de inquirenda veritate coelesti: pro Licentia M. Albert Boetticher Past. & Superint. Dobriluccensis. 1717
Diss. II contra Lamindum Pritanium, Resp. Jo. George. Werner, Koenigstein. Misn 1717
de Israelis sua religione Constantia, Resp. M. Jacob. Frid. Boy, tubing 1717
de promovendis commodis ecclesiae Evangelico Lutheranae, Resp. Henr. John Bütemeiste, Cellensi. 1718
de Pharifaeis & Scribis in cathedra Mosis sedentibus audiendis, Resp. Daniel Hainoczy, Hungar. 1718
de sanctis Poirettianis non fanctis, Resp. M. Christian Gottf. Eccart, Lastaviensi Misn. 1718
Diss. II ejusdem argumenti, Resp. Christophoro Stollio, Zittav. Lus. 1719
de poenitentia insantum, Resp.Joh.Schroeder, Helfingora Dano 1719
de fidei probatione divina, Resp. M. Gottfr. Sam. Seyfried, Freiberg Misn, 1720
Num bona opera fint ipsa vita aeterna? Resp. Joh. Gottfr. Ertelio, Cremnitio Hung. 1720
de studio pietatis genuino, Resp.Joh. Georg Tiemann, Isleb. Sax 1720
de consilio Irenico novissimi Alloguii Tubingensis circa doctrinaam de persona Christi, Resop. M. Balth. Gottlob Hoffmann 1722
Senentia Henrici Mori de Enthusiasta pre Atheno incurabili, Resp. Joh. Satorio, Rosnav. Hung. 1722
de fummo gradu tentationum spiritualium: pro Licentia Henr. Augustine Andreae, Superint. & Consortii Assesor in Comitatu Schaumburgico, ac nunc Hagae Pastor Prim. 1723
de introversione hominis in fe ipsum cum vera tum Fanatica, Resp. M. Joh. Christian. Letsch, Wratislav 1723
Epilogus orationis Dominicae Matth. VI. 13. vindicatus, Resp. M. Christian. Fried. Fischer Schneeberg. Misn. 1724
de methodo concionandi Christi, Resp. M. Jo. Breu, Argentor. 1724
de Theologia Emblematica, Resp. M. Benjamin Biehler, Past. Betav. 1725
d Lectione Scripturae omnibus hominibus libera: pro Licentia M. Joh. Gottfr. Rochau, Past & Superint. Ilsenburg 1725

Programs

de ά Φοςισμένω Paulo ad Rom. II Cum ad audiendam orationem inauguralem invitaret 1710
de Messia, spe gentium ad Hagg. II. 8 festival. Native. Christ 1710
de via ad coelum viva & vivica ad Hebr. X. 20. Festo Paschatos 1711
de intercossione inessabili Spiritu S. Ad Rom. VIII. 26th festival. Pentec. 1711
de confirmatione angelorum in bono, feast. Michaelis 1711
de plenitudine gratiae ex nativitate Christi redundante ad Joh. I. 16. Fest. Native. Christ 1713
de gaudio Paschali, feast. Double 1714
De loco Gal. IV. 4 festival. Native. Christ 1715
Vindiciae Psalmi CX.7. contra Socinianos: Feast. Double 1716
De nativitateChristi instar virgae Aaronis esslorescentis, feast. Native. Christ 1717
De Duce falutis consummatissimo ad Hebr. II. 10th festival. Double 1718
De gratia Spiritus S. fovente, feast. Pentec. 1719
De δςησκκία αγγέλωυ, ad Col. II. 18 festival. Me. 1719
Meditatio ad Luc. II. 7. Maria peperit filium suum: Feast. Native. Christ 1720
De nexu mortis & resurrectionis Christi: feast. Double 1721
De nuncio laeto de nativitate Jesu Christi ad Luc. II. 19th festival. Native. Christ 1722
De Filii Dei potentia in resurrectione conspicua ad Rome. I. 4th festival. Double 1723
De mysterio incarnationis Christi: feast. Native. Christ 1724
De absorptione mortis ad. I. Cor. XV. 54. Festival. Double 1725
De Fanaticis recentioribus Britanniae, cum nomina membrorum Collegii Disputatorii exniberet 1710
Αγαςήν μεςίδα ex Luc. X. 42 sistit pari occasione 1711
Eyamen judicii Benedicti Picteti de Pietisttis 1712
Vindiciae ministerii Lutherani contra Jesuitam anonymum 1713
De Academiis 1714
De constantia Studiosi Theologiae 1715
Vindiciae Jubilaeorum contra Dicam ipsis scriptam 1717
De Theologia insantum from Erasmo memorata 1718
Progr. I. Contra Irenaeum Elistium de eligenda religione in Germania, cum ad audiendam Orat. Inauguralem Joh. Guil. Jani invitaret 1719
Progr. II. Contra Irenaeum Elpistium, cum nomina membrorum Collegii Disputaroriii exhiberer 1719
Progr. III. Contra eundem pari occasione editum 1720
Progr. Ivcontra eundem, cum ad audiendam Orat.inaug. Me Mr. ReinhardiPast. Sondershus. Invitaret 1721
De deposito a Paulo commemorato I. Tim. VI. 20. cum at Orat.inaugur. M. Mauritii Wilh. Wagneri, Superint. Baruthhin. Invitaret 1716
De Doctorantu Lutheri, cum ad solennia Doctoralia d. Nov 5, 1717
De Reformationequod fit miraculum, cum ad Orat. Iaugur. M. Alberti Boetticheri, Supperint. Kirchhayn invitaret 1717
De dissertatia Apostolorum Prophetarum & Doctorum, cum ad solennia Doctoralia d. October 16, 1719 invitaret
De statu ecclesiastico terrarum hyperborearum hodierno, cum ad Orat. Inaugur. Georgii Wallini Gymnasii Suecici, Harnösandensis LectorisPrimmari invitaret 1723
De octo emolumentis insignius Doctorantus Theologici, cum ad solennia Doctoralia d. Apr 6, 1723
Intimatio Jubilaei Evangelici fecundi 1717
Epistolam invitatoriam Ordinis Theologorum Wittebergensium ad universos Thologos in Germania de Jubilaeo Lutherano celebrando 1717
Syllogen Positionum Theologicarum in usum disputantum 1710, 1721

literature

Walter Friedensburg : History of the University of Wittenberg . Verlag Max Niemeyer Halle (Saale) 1917, pages 551-553
Johann Samuelersch and Johann Gottfried Gruber : General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts. Part 17, page 14
Veronika Albrecht-Birkner : Pastors book of the church province of Saxony . Volume 2., Biograms Br – Fa. Evangelische Verlagsanstalt, Leipzig 2004, page 177, ISBN 3-374-02134-4
Michael Ranfft : Life and writings of all Chursächsischen divine scholars . Leipzig: Wolfgang Deer 1742
Christian Gottlieb Jöcher : General scholars - Lexicon. 1 part, column 1880
Nikolaus Müller : The finds in the tower knobs of the town church in Wittenberg . Magdeburg 1912

Web links

personal data
SURNAME	Chladni, Martin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Chladen, Martin; Chladenius, Martin; Chladenio, Martin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Evangelical Lutheran theologian
DATE OF BIRTH	October 25, 1669
PLACE OF BIRTH	Kremnitz , Kingdom of Hungary , Habsburg Empire (now Kremnica , Slovakia )
DATE OF DEATH	September 12, 1725
Place of death	Wittenberg , Electorate of Saxony , Holy Roman Empire