Martin Frecht

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Martin Frecht (* around 1494 in Ulm ; † September 8, 1556 in Tübingen ) was a German Protestant theologian , university professor and reformer .

Live and act

Origin and studies

Martin Frecht came from a respected craftsman family of a shoemaker and councilor. In 1513 he enrolled at the University of Heidelberg , where he obtained his bachelor's degree in 1515 and his master's degree in 1517 , later advanced to a licentiate in theology and also gave lectures in the artistic faculty on philosophy in the humanistic spirit.

Heidelberg disputation

In spring 1518 he attended Martin Luther's Heidelberg disputation and was enthusiastic about the ideas of the Reformation . Between 1523 and 1526 he was dean of the artist faculty. Frecht was so highly respected that he was appointed theology professor in 1529 and became rector of Heidelberg in 1530/31 . He was friends with his old fellow students Johannes Brenz , Martin Bucer , Johann Isenmann , Kaspar Löner , but also with Johannes Oekolampad and Erhard Schnepf .

Reformer in Ulm

One of the altars in the minster, which was removed during the Reformation iconoclasm in 1531 and brought back and re-consecrated in 1548, much to the annoyance of Martin Frecht, the leading preacher and reformer at Ulm minster

The city council of Ulm had asked him in 1529 to return to his home town. Following this request, he came to Ulm in 1531 as editor of the script; Ulm joined the Protestant faith that year. In 1532 Frecht was the first to publish the Res gestae Saxonicae ( Saxon history ) by Widukind von Corvey (around 925 to after 973).

After Konrad Sam's death, Frecht became the actual head of the Ulm Church, without, however, possessing the decisiveness and popular character that this office required. He sought to improve the church and school system through visitations and reforms of all kinds. Since he could not avoid the battles with Sebastian Franck and Kaspar Schwenckfeld in Ulm , he had to approach Bucer and Luther more closely in his theological stance at the convent in Schmalkalden in 1540 .

He participated in the Wittenberg Agreement in 1536 and mediated in the doctrine of the Lord's Supper between the Wittenberg theologians and the Upper German reformers . In 1539 he took part in the negotiations in Frankfurt. He took part in the religious discussion in Worms in 1540 and in Regensburg in 1541/1546 with the Old Believers.

On August 14, 1548, Emperor Charles V came to Ulm on the Danube. On August 15, in the presence of the emperor, the altars, which had been removed from the Ulm Minster in 1531 , were re-erected and consecrated in the large church in Ulm. At the same time, a solemn high mass was read. With this service, the cathedral was officially returned to the Catholic faith. Since Frecht, as a preacher , had contradicted these processes and the Augsburg interim , he was arrested together with all the evangelical preachers on August 16, 1548 and held captive in Kirchheim for weeks.

After his release in March 1549 he was banished from Ulm.

exile

A retreat for the Ulm reformer: the Tübingen monastery.

Since then he has lived quietly and withdrawn in Nuremberg with his sister, later in Blaubeuren . Duke Christoph von Württemberg commissioned him in 1551 with the board of directors of the Protestant monastery in Tübingen and in 1552 appointed him professor of theology at the University of Tübingen . Despite his honorable position as rector in 1555 and dealing with Brenz and others, he remained lonely here.

Martin Frecht was buried in the collegiate church of St. Georg in Tübingen.

swell

Burial place in the Tübingen collegiate church of St. Georg. Martin Frecht also found his final resting place there.
  • Conrad Dieterich: Two Ulmic jubilation and sermons of thanks at the Christian ordinance of an honorable council on November 2nd. 1617th year of the most fiery Protestant jubilation held there in the cathedral: the first on November 2nd. From the first stories in the next hundred years, during the awakening and planting of the Evangelii in the Ulm churches; The others on November 6th. From the question of whether the Evangelical Lutheran doctrine is a novelty or a hundred-year-old doctrine? . Now ... give in truck By Cunrad Dieterich of H. Schrifft Doctorn and the Ulm Church Superintendent, Ulm: Johann Meder 1618 [with tabular curriculum vitae of Martin Luther, Martin Frecht, Ludwig Rabus and Johannes Vesembeck ]

Works

  • [Contributor in:] Johannes Stöffler , Calendarivm Romanvm Magnum, Cæsare [ae] maiestati dicatum , D. Ioanne Stœffler Iustingensi Mathematico authore, Oppenheim: Jakob Köbel 1518
  • [Editor; with Adnotationes Martini Frechti ], VVitichindi Saxonis Rerum from Henrico et Ottone I Impp. Gestarum Libri III , unà cum alijs quibusdam raris & antehac non lectis diuersorum autorum historijs from Anno salutis D. CCC. usq [ue] ad præsentem ætatem : quorum catalogus proxima patebit pagina. Huc accessit rerum scitu dignarum copiosus index, Basel: Johann Herwagen 1532 [first edition]
  • [Collaboration with:] Martin Bucer: A thorough report of the Colloquio zu Regenspurg disjars started, and the withdrawal of the auditors and colloquents who were decreed by princes and stenden of the Augsburg Confession , Strasbourg 1546
  • Summarized list, three consolations and wonderful lessons or sermons ... Messrs. Martin Frechten, the H. Schrifft Licenciaten [et] c. more praiseworthy ... memory in which he wished to comfort his church in his fatherland ... than opened his fatherland to him ... now and only ... brought to Teütsch out of Latin, by M. Wendel Schempp , allegedly Wittemberg [probably Augsburg: Valentin Otmar] undated [1557]

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Martin Nestler, From the introduction of the Reformation to the end of the imperial city, in: Ulm. History of a city, Sutton-Verlag Erfurt 2003, ISBN 3-89702-544-2 , p. 86
  2. ↑ Cf. Friedrich Roth: The official report of those ordered by the Evangelicals for the Regensburg Conversation to their princes and superiors . January 27 to March 10, 1546 . In: Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte 5 (1907/8), pp. 1–30 and 375–397; P. 4f.
personal data
SURNAME Naughty, Martin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Protestant theologian and reformer
DATE OF BIRTH around 1494
PLACE OF BIRTH Ulm
DATE OF DEATH September 8, 1556
Place of death Tübingen