Max Blunck

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Max Blunck (born December 29, 1887 in Hamburg ; † December 2, 1957 there ) was a German lawyer. In 1933 he was appointed leader of the Kösener SC association with about 28,000 members at the time.

Life

Blunck came from a respected Hamburg family and attended the Johanneum's school for scholars . After passing his Abitur with distinction, he studied law at the University of Jena and became a member of the Corps Franconia . On June 8, 1907 recipiert , he went to the inactivation of the Friedrichs University Halle . To the Dr. iur. after receiving his doctorate , he went through traineeship training in the district of the Hanseatic Higher Regional Court , including at the Ritzebüttel office at the mouth of the Elbe. After the assessor examination he settled as a lawyer in Hamburg.

During the Weimar Republic , he was initially a member of the national liberal German People's Party , from which he resigned in December 1930 in order to immediately become a member of the NSDAP with a direct application to Hitler personally . However, he did not appear in high party offices until 1933.

Corps student

The ordinary Kösener Congress on Pentecost 1933, which was supposed to initiate the synchronization and the adoption of the Führer principle , brought the KSCV, organized according to the principle of subsidiarity , to the brink of inability to act. On the fringes of this congress, the staunch National Socialist Blunck from the suburb of Greifswald and the full committee of the Association of Old Corps Students (VAC) was appointed "Leader of the German Corps Students" without the participation of the oKC. In a later written vote, all senior citizens' conventions approved the appointment. On June 1, 1933 , a consultation was held with the representative of the Führer of the NSDAP, the State Secretary and head of the Reich Chancellery, Hans Heinrich Lammers . The plenary meetings of the association planned for the same day have been canceled. This avoided controversial discussions about sensitive items on the agenda: the abolition of the principle of tolerance, the Jewish question , dealing with the General German Arms Ring and the National Socialist German Student Union . At the same time, the appointment of Gauleiter Helmuth Brückner (Marcomannia Breslau) as leader of the association was bypassed. Then those corps students came together who were also members of the NSDAP or one of its mass organizations. In 1933 in Kosen there was also a power struggle between corporates who were members of the NSDAP or one of its mass organizations. Blunck was able to prevail against the accusations of the "thwarted" faction led by the trainee lawyer and SS storm leader Wilhelm Benedikt Biermann, who was appointed by the Reich leadership. Biermann was inactive in the Corps Suevia Munich and Suevia Strasbourg. Blunck's personal advisor was Dr. iur. Rolf Weitzmann (Suevia Heidelberg). From Kosen's point of view, this was a moderate form of synchronization.

On July 10, 1933, Blunck announced the repeal of the principle of tolerance through a new version of § 43 of the Kosen statutes:

“The Corps is an association of enrolled students from the same university, which, in line with the National Socialist worldview, connects its relatives in sincere friendship and educates them to be representatives of honorable studentism and to be strong, energetic, dutiful German men. Jewish tribes, Jewish relatives or Freemasons cannot be members of a corps. "

- Blunck's new version

By July 31, 1933, Blunck demanded that the Corps declare acceptance of his requirements, which was given everywhere. He also declared that he was rejoining the ADW, which the KSCV had left in 1932 for political reasons. With a total of 23 circulars in the first six months after his inauguration, Blunck put the KSCV on the “new” course with authoritarian guidelines. Blunck appointed two representatives for the Kösener associations: Trainee lawyer Günther Kraaz (Bremensia) for the HKSCV and as a shop steward for the suburb and Dr. Werner Heringhaus (Austria) as representative for the VAC. Blunck's adjutant was Hermann Druckrey (Saxo-Borussia, Starkenburgia). With his special envoy Alfred Funk , he ensured that Baltia was the first corps to be suspended on March 6, 1934. He wrote to his friend Helmuth Leusch on June 11, 1934:

“Corps students want to live and do their duty; but it does not take the point of view, like many associations, that it does not matter how you live if you just live - corps students want to be able to live as a corps student, if there is no possibility, they prefer to give up their lives. "

- Max Blunck

Association policy

In the following two years, however, the entire student body and society drifted further into National Socialism and its organizational structures. Compared to most of the other corporation associations, the Kösener associations under Blunck initially "steered" a moderate course; However, in the ADW , which was increasingly politicized by the National Socialists , it met with criticism. In December 1934, the other fraternity student associations founded their own Völkischer Waffenring . According to the founding declaration, "only those associations should belong to this split-off that do not tolerate any members of Jewish origin, Jewish relatives, or members of lodges, orders or their successor organizations". The Völkische Waffenring only existed until April 1935.

The associations with a less restrictive stance ( Kösener Senioren-Convents-Verband , Deutsche Landsmannschaft , Miltenberger Ring ) countered on January 12, 1935 by founding the community of student associations . Led by State Secretary Hans Heinrich Lammers , it was recognized by the NSDStB as the overall representative of the student associations. With that the ADW (but also the Völkische Waffenring) was "depoliticized" again. He only cared about fencing questions.

On March 27, 1935, Blunck proudly wrote to the writer Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer (Vienna Symposium), whom he wanted to win as a keynote speaker for the Kösener Congress 1935: “The Kösener Corps students played a leading role in the preservation of German weapons students and their design as a valuable instrument of National Socialist education in the hands of our Führer. We can say that the community of student associations was and is a success, which was brought into being under our leadership and has found the recognition of the party. ”This course became polemical on the part of the“ fully national socialist ”corporation associations as a“ pseudo-national socialist ”orientation of the KSCV criticized.

The disputes with the NSDStB and the comradeships it controls have also intensified since 1933. In 1934 there were street battles between corporates and Nazis at the University of Göttingen , which became known as the Göttingen Riots .

The development came to a head in the summer semester of 1935 with the Heidelberg asparagus meal and Hanns Martin Schleyer's departure from the Corps Suevia Heidelberg . Schleyer's reasoning in an open letter to Blunck proves this using the example of the university town of Heidelberg.

State Secretary Lammers joined the SS in September 1933 after the KSCV was brought into line and on April 20, 1935, he was promoted to Brigadefuhrer. It is against this background that his request to Blunk in 1935 as to whether the KSCV was prepared to apply the Aryan provisions without restriction, i.e. without the exception provisions of the law for the restoration of the civil service . Blunck adhered to the reservations he had made at the Kösener Congress in 1935 in Weimar and last telegraphed on August 28, 1935, requesting a declaration by Hitler from Lammers that the deletion of the exception provisions would not conflict with any political concerns. Because of this refusal to implement the Aryan regulations, Lammers excluded the KSCV by telegram on September 5, 1935 from the Community of Student Associations (GStV).

This prompted Max Blunck on the same day to request by telegram from all Kösener Corps that the Aryan regulations be carried out. Blunck and Lammers got into an argument about individual formulations. After Lammers' resignation from the leadership of the GStV (September 6, 1935) on September 10, 1935, Blunck withdrew his support from parts of the Corps student body. A court of honor , which he called upon immediately, found no misconduct.

Pressured by the head of the Reich Chancellery, Hans Heinrich Lammers , Blunck resigned as leader of the KSCV on September 10, 1935, although two days earlier, as the decision-makers of the VAC, he had been expressed confidence in this difficult situation by important senior citizens' conventions was.

The KSCV was suspended and banned on September 28, 1935. The Völkischer Beobachter commented on this on October 3, 1935: "With its disappearance, the reaction loses one of its strongest bastions."

In November / December, Blunck personally referred to Hitler for his corps brother and colleague Heinz Rabe. The lawyer married to a “quarter Jewish” wife could remain on the board of the bar association.

Blunck's successor as leader of the VAC, which continued until 1938, was Ernst Schlange ( Pomerania ).

After the Second World War , Blunck worked again as a respected lawyer in Hamburg.

Honors

literature

  • Georg L. Bacmeister: Corps under National Socialism: z. B. Brunsviga Göttingen. In: Einst und Jetzt , Vol. 45 (2000), pp. 215-240.
  • Wolfgang Gottwald: A look back. In: Einst und Jetzt, Vol. 41 (1996), pp. 9-26.
  • Helmut Heiber : files of the party chancellery of the NSDAP. Volume 1, Part 1. 1983.
  • Harald Lönnecker: The assembly of the “better National Socialists”? Frankfurt am Main 2003. (PDF file; 261 kB)
  • Menzel: EM Max Blunck (x). In: Corpszeitung der Jenenser Franken, 1/1958; Pp. 6-9.
  • Obituary. In: Deutsche Corpszeitung (DCZ), April 1958, pp. 49–51.
  • RGS Weber: The German Corps in the Third Reich. Macmillan, London.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kösener corps lists 1910, 124/605
  2. ^ Weber: The German Corps in the Third Reich Cologne 1998, pp. 132-136.
  3. ↑ Hans-Christian Kersten: Against the breach of the oath of loyalty . Corps newspaper of Silesia Breslau zu Frankfurt (Oder), issue 220 (August 2011)
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Bacmeister, p. 221 ff.
  5. ↑ Lutz Hachmeister: Schleyer - a German story , p. 116, CH Beck, Munich 2004,
  6. ^ Adolf Lohmann: Chronicle of the HKSCV 1918-1933 . Once and Now, Yearbook of the Association for Corporate Student History Research, Vol. 5 (1960), p. 30
  7. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1930, 115/1586; 103/229
  8. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 67/974
  9. ^ Letter in the archives of the Corps Masovia
  10. ↑ a b Harald Lönnecker , p. 29 ff.
  11. ↑ A National Socialist Draws Consequences , published in Wille und Macht , the house organ of the Reich Youth Leader Baldur von Schirach
  12. ↑ Note on publication in Wille und Macht (PDF file; 29 kB); Otto Köhler : The third informer. in Konkret 9/97 with a reference to publication under the title: Corps without a mask - A National Socialist draws the consequences. in: The Heidelberg Student [1]
  13. ↑ Quoted from Hans Peter Hümmer : Erlangen - an early center of the NS student union. In: Einst und Jetzt Volume 45 (2000), pp. 177-214, footnote 145
  14. ↑ Received from Franconia 1908; KKL 1910, 124/609; Heiber, p. 136
  15. ↑ Honorary member of the Harvestehuder Tennis and Hockey Club
  16. ↑ Federal Gazette of May 30, 1953.
predecessor Office successor
Werner Meissner "Führer des Deutschen Corpsstudentums"
1933–1935 		Serious snake
personal data
SURNAME Blunck, Max
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH December 29, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH 2nd December 1957
Place of death Hamburg