Max Wilhelm Carl Weber
Max Wilhelm Carl Weber (born December 5, 1852 in Bonn , Germany , † February 7, 1937 in Eerbeek , Netherlands ) was a German-Dutch zoologist.
Live and act
Max Weber was the son of the German-Dutch couple Hermann Weber and Wilhelmina van der Kolk. When he was two years old, his father died. After attending school in Idar-Oberstein , Neuwied and Bonn , he studied comparative anatomy at the University of Bonn in 1873 . From 1875 to 1876 he attended lectures with Eduard von Martens at the Berlin University . In 1877 he received his doctorate from the University of Bonn with a thesis on " The subsidiary organs of the eye by local lacertids " the doctor . In 1878 he passed his medical exam and completed his military service in Germany. In 1880 he lectured in human anatomy at the University of Utrecht . From May to October 1881 he went on an expedition to the Barents Sea .
In 1883 he married the Dutch algologist and botanist Anna Weber-van Bosse (1852–1942). In the same year he became associate professor and, in 1884, full professor of zoology at the University of Amsterdam .
In 1887 he became a Dutch citizen . In 1888 Weber and his wife traveled to India and then to Sumatra, Java, Flores and Sulawesi, where they conducted studies of freshwater flora and fauna. In 1892 Weber was appointed director of the Zoological Museum of the University of Amsterdam (ZMA). In 1894 he studied the freshwater fauna in South Africa during an expedition. From 1899 to 1900 he led the Siboga expedition , for which the Siboga gunboat provided by the Dutch government was converted into a research ship. During this expedition, Weber discovered 131 previously unknown species. In addition, he drew a biogeographical boundary, the so-called Weber line, which reflects the balance between the oriental and the Australasian vertebrate fauna better than the Wallace line . The Weber Line runs along the Tanimbar Islands and east of Timor .
After his return to the Netherlands Weber published the works The Mammals. Introduction to the anatomy and systematics of recent and fossil mammals (1904 with an expanded edition in 1927/28), textbook of biology for universities (1911) and between 1911 and 1936 the seven-volume work The Fishes of the Indo-Australian archipelago .
In 1927 Max Weber received the Alexander Agassiz Medal , a US award for oceanography "for his distinguished research in the field of oceanography". In 1935 Weber was elected to the British Royal Society as a foreign member .
Influence of the Webers on Eerbeek
The Webers have a great influence on the village of Eerbeek. Her estate and house ( Huis te Eerbeek ) with the laboratory and her collection of exotic animals and plants is a magnet for biologists and botanists from all over the world. Max Weber founded a cooperative bank and a beekeeping association that still organizes an annual bee market today. In addition, a street and a bistro are named after Professor Weber. After Weber's death, the property was bequeathed to the Het Geldersch Landschap Foundation, which operates a hotel-restaurant on it. Most of the garden with the exotic trees is open to the public. The grave of Anna and Max Weber in the Eerbek cemetery was renewed in 2007.
Max and Anna Weber (around 1890)
The Webers' estate ( Huis te Eerbeek ), 1967
Tomb of the Weber couple in Eerbeek
Taxa named after Weber
The following taxa are named after Weber: The Moluccan sail lizard (1911 by Thomas Barbour ), the Weber dwarf squirrel (1890 by Fredericus Anna Jentink ), Weber's Schlammspringer (1935 by Bruno Eggert ), Siboglinum weberi (1914 by Maurice Caullery ), Chromis weberi (1928 by Henry Weed Fowler and Barton Appler Bean ), Calyptronema maxweberi (1922 by Johannes Govertus de Man ), Caudacaecilia weberi (1920 by Edward Harrison Taylor ), Peristedion weberi (1934 by James Leonard Brierley Smith ) as well as the poso- Bungu goby ( Weberogobius amadi ).
Works (selection)
- 1877: The secondary organs of the eye of the native Lacertidae. Inaugural dissertation to obtain the doctorate was submitted to the medical faculty of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Bonn and defended on August 6, 1877 with the attached theses
- 1886: Studies on Mammals. A contribution to the question of the origin of the cetaceans
- 1890: Ethnographic Notes on Flores and Celebes , Supplement to Volume III of "International Archive for Ethnography". PWM trap, suffering.
- 1890–1907: Zoological results of a trip in Dutch East India , part 1 (1890–1891), part 2 (1892), part 3 (1894), part 4 (1897–1907). EJ Brill, Leiden.
- 1902: Introduction et description de l'expédition . Siboga Expedition
- 1904: The mammals. Introduction to the anatomy and systematics of recent and fossil mammals
- with George Karsten and Moritz Nussbaum : Textbook of biology for universities, Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1911 digitized
- 1913: The fish of the Siboga expedition . Siboga Expedition
- 1927–1928: The mammals. Introduction to the anatomy and systematics of recent and fossil mammals (2nd edition). Anatomical part with the assistance of HM de Burlet (1928). Systematic part with the assistance of O. Abel.
- 1936: Primaty. Anatomiya, sistematika i paleontologiya lemurov, dolgopyatov i obez'yan. Perevod, redaktsiya i dopolneniya MF Nesturkh
literature
- D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson: Max Wilhelm Carl Weber. 1852-1937 . In: Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society , Vol. 2, No. 6, January 1938, pp. 347-355
- Florence FJM Pieters, Jaap de Visser: The scientific career of the zoologist Max Wilhelm Carl Weber (1852–1937) (PDF; 13.4 MB). In: Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde , Vol. 62, No. 4, 1993, pp. 193-214
- Karl von Frisch : Max Weber (obituary) . In: Meeting reports of the mathematical and natural science department of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in Munich . No. 1 , 1940, p. 66 ( online [PDF; accessed on May 14, 2017]).
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of the winners of the Alexander Agassiz Medal at www.nasonline.org, accessed on January 13, 2016
Web links
- Literature by and about Max Wilhelm Carl Weber in the catalog of the German National Library
- Biography (portuguese)
- Biography (English) ( Memento of 20 August 2003 at the Internet Archive )
- Biography (dutch)
- Chronobiographical Scetches: Max Wilhelm Carl Weber
- Ethnographic notes on Flores and Celebes
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Weber, Max Wilhelm Carl |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Weber, Max Carl Wilhelm |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German-Dutch zoologist and ichthyologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 5, 1852 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bonn |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 7, 1937 |
| Place of death | Eerbeek |