Mława
| Mława | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Mazovia | ||
| Powiat : | Mławski | ||
| Area : | 35.50 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 53 ° 7 ' N , 20 ° 22' E | ||
| Residents : | 31,241 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 06-500 to 06-501 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) +48 023 | ||
| License plate : | WML | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 7 | ||
| Ext. 544 | |||
| Ext. 563 | |||
| Rail route : | Nasielsk – Działdowo | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Borough | ||
| Residents: | 31,241 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Community number ( GUS ): | 1413011 | ||
| administration | |||
| Address: | Stary Rynek 19 06-500 Mława |
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| Website : | www.mlawa.um.gov.pl | ||
Mława [ ˈmwava ] ( German 1941–1945 Mielau ) is a town in the powiat Mławski in the Masovian Voivodeship , Poland . The city is the seat of the Powiat Mławski.
Geographical location
Mława is 107 kilometers northwest of Warsaw , 74 kilometers south of the East Prussian city of Olsztyn ( Allenstein ) and 30 kilometers northeast of Ciechanów . The city occupies an area of 24.35 km², 58% of which are used for agriculture and 7% are forested.
history
Until 1913
In 1426 the dukes Siemowit V , Trojden II and Władysław I met in Mława . In 1429 Mława received city rights under Kulm law . In 1521 the city was sacked by troops and parts of the city burned down. In 1545 Sigismund I gave grants for the construction of the town hall. In the first described plague epidemic in 1572 and 1573, around 1300 people died. In 1659, Swedish troops burned the city down. A second plague epidemic occurred in 1661 and 1662. In 1689 a fire destroyed the city again. Between 1708 and 1712 there was another outbreak of the plague. In 1776, parts of the city were again destroyed by fire. The new town hall was completed in 1782. In 1795, Mława came to Prussia after the third partition of Poland . A ghetto was established for the first time in 1797. In 1806 there were French troops in the city. From 1807 to 1815 the city became part of the Duchy of Warsaw . In 1815 it came to the Kingdom of Poland and remained part of the Russian Empire until the First World War . In 1837 cholera appeared in the city. In 1863 there was fighting at Mława during the January uprising . As a result, the monastery and school in the city were closed. In 1877 the city was connected to the railroad. In 1898 another cholera epidemic occurred.
1914 to 1945
In 1914, after the outbreak of World War I , the city was occupied 14 times by Russian and German troops alternately in August and September. In 1920 there was fighting for Mława during the Polish-Soviet War .
At the beginning of the invasion of Poland , from September 1st to 4th, 1939, the Battle of Mława took place between German and Polish troops. Mława was incorporated into the Greater German Reich in violation of international law , renamed Mielau and the seat of the Mielau district . On January 18, 1945 there was a mass shooting of prisoners from Mława in Kalkówka . On the same day, the training camp of the Reich Labor Service in the forest area was evacuated. On January 19, 1945 Mielau was captured by the Red Army and fell back to Poland.
1945 until today
From 1975 to 1998 Mława was part of the Ciechanów Voivodeship .
Population development
The following is a graphic representation of the population development from 1995 to 2008.
education
Mława has four kindergartens ( przedszkole ), five primary schools ( szkoła podstawowa ), four middle schools ( gimnazjum ), four grammar schools ( liceum ogólnokształcące ) and several basic vocational schools ( zasadnicza szkoła zawodowa ) and an art school ( Szkoły Artystyczne ). There are a few other private schools.
traffic
Droga krajowa 7 and DWs (Droga wojewódzka) 544, 563 and 615 run through Mława. The city lies on the Warsaw – Gdańsk railway line . The Mława – Zamość Mazowiecki narrow-gauge railway has been closed. Since September 2008 this line has been rebuilt as a museum railway. In 2017 the tracks were relocated during road construction work in the city.
Twin cities
- Viernheim , Germany
- Raseiniai , Lithuania
- Saverne , France
- Baranáin , Spain
- Canzano , Castellalto , Cellino Attanasio , Cermigniani , Italy
Sons and daughters
- Tekla Bądarzewska (1834–1861), Polish composer
- Eva Kotchever (1891–1943), owner of the first bar for lesbians in New York City, author, Jewish victim of the Shoah
- Joseph Opatoshu (1887–1954), Yiddish-speaking writer
- Hanna Rudzka-Cybisowa (1897–1988), Polish painter
- Johannes Szypulski (* 1956), Polish religious, Abbot of Zwettl in Lower Austria
- Josef Unschlicht (1879–1938), Polish revolutionary and Soviet party functionary
literature
- Mława , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , pp. 487-489.
Web links
- City website (Polish / English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ regioset.pl (Polish)
- ↑ Dz.U. 1975 no 17 poz. 92 ( Memento from April 8, 2009 on WebCite ) (Polish)
- ↑ Website of the city ( Memento of the original from February 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Główny Urząd Statystyczny, "LUDNOŚĆ - STAN I STRUKTURA W PRZEKROJU TERYTORIALNYM" ( Memento from May 15, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) as of June 30, 2010
