Ministry of Stürgkh

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The Ministry Stürgkh (November 3, 1911 - October 31, 1916; "Ministry" called in the former parlance the whole Cabinet ) was the penultimate of Emperor Franz Joseph ordered government of the kingdoms represented in the Imperial Council and countries (from 1915 Austrian countries , commonly known as Cisleithania ) . Prime Minister Stürgkh was murdered on October 21, 1916.

Term of office

The government followed the third cabinet of Paul Gautsch von Frankenthurn , which resigned because of the price riot in Vienna. The 52-year-old Karl Stürgkh , impoverished member of the faction of large landowners loyal to the constitution and Minister of Education in the two previous ministries, Bienerth-Schmerling and Gautsch III, became Kk Prime Minister .

The cabinet was in office on the way Austria-Hungary entered the First World War . Stürgkh was one of the exponents of the war party, which had a strong influence on the old monarch, and from the spring of 1914 worked with the help of imperial ordinances instead of laws. At Stürgkh's suggestion, the emperor adjourned the Imperial Council so that parliament could not comment on the preparations for war. This brought Stürgkh, especially among the left, the reputation of a "dictator".

Since 1867, Cisleithanien had officially been named the kingdoms and countries represented in the Imperial Council , as the Czech politicians in particular did not see themselves as Austrians (and demanded a separate government in Prague). At the suggestion of Stürgkh, the emperor decided in 1915 that Cisleithanien should now be referred to as "the Austrian states"; Corresponding adjustments to the state symbols were decreed (but hardly carried out in practice during the war). It was not possible to object to the Reichsrat, since it was still postponed despite demands to be reassigned. In October 1916, the Food Office was set up in the Ministry of the Interior , the forerunner of the later independent department.

Because of his dictatorial politics, Stürgkh was shot by the Social Democrat Friedrich Adler on October 21, 1916 . Two days later, Interior Minister Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst returned to his post from a long sick leave and headed the government on an interim basis.

On October 28, 1916, the emperor entrusted the previous joint finance minister, Ernest von Koerber, with forming a government and the previous ministry with the continuation of business. On October 31, 1916, the emperor appointed the new ministers at Koerber's suggestion ( Koerber II Ministry ). Three weeks later, on November 21, 1916, Franz Joseph I died.

Joint Austro-Hungarian ministers of the era were:

minister

kk minister from to Official Political party kk authority annotation
Prime Minister † October 21, 1916 (murdered) Karl Stürgkh Presidency of the Council of Ministers 1909–1911 Minister for Culture and Education ( Bienerth , Gautsch III )
Minister of the Interior  (1.) until December 1, 1915 Karl Freiherr Heinold von Udynski Ministry of the Interior 1912 also entrusted with the agriculture ministry, before and after the head of the Moravia region
Minister of the Interior  (2.) December 1, 1915 to August 29, 1916 (on leave) and from October 23, 1916 Konrad Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst Ministry of the Interior 1906 Prime Minister and Interior Minister; August to October 1916 leave of absence due to illness
Minister of the Interior  (3rd), (interim) head August 30 to October 23, 1916 Erasmus Freiherr von Handel  CS  Ministry of the Interior Entrusted with the interim management on behalf of the sick head of department, before and after the regional head of Upper Austria
Minister of Justice Viktor Ritter von Hochenburger Ministry of Justice
Minister for Culture and Education Max Ritter Hussarek from Heinlein  CS  Ministry of Culture and Education in office until June 23, 1917 ( Clam-Martinic ); 1917 baron; 1918 Prime Minister
Finance Minister  (1.) until November 20, 1911 Robert Meyer Ministry of Finance
Finance Minister  (2.) from November 20, 1911 Wenceslas Count von Zaleski Ministry of Finance previously Minister ( for Galicia ) and entrusted with the management of the Ministry of Agriculture
Finance Minister  (3.) from October 9, 1913 August Freiherr Engel von Mainfelden Ministry of Finance
Finance Minister  (4.) from December 1, 1915 Karl Ritter von Leth Ministry of Finance
Minister of Commerce  (1.) until September 21, 1912 Moritz Freiherr von Roeßler Ministry of Commerce
Minister of Commerce  (2.) from September 21, 1912 Rudolf Freiherr Schuster von Bonnott Ministry of Commerce
Trade Minister  (3.) from December 1, 1915 Alexander Spitzmüller from Harmersbach Ministry of Commerce Finance Minister in the next two cabinets ( Koerber II , Clam-Martinic ); September 7–4. November 1918 last joint finance minister
Minister for Public Works Ottokar Freiherr Trnka Ministry of Public Works until June 23, 1917 ( Koerber II , Clam-Martinic )
Railway Minister Zdenko Freiherr von Forster Ministry of Railways also under Bienerth 1908/1909 ; under Clam-Martinic until June 23, 1917

Agriculture Minister  (1.) until November 20, 1911 Wenceslas Count von Zaleski Ministry of Agriculture entrusted with the management; Minister (unofficially Minister for Galicia ), then Minister of Finance
Agriculture Minister  (2.) from November 20, 1911 Albin Braf Ministry of Agriculture
Agriculture Minister  (3.) from July 2, 1912 Karl Freiherr Heinold von Udynski Ministry of Agriculture entrusted (acting interior minister)
Agriculture Minister  (4.) from September 21, 1912 Franz Freiherr von Zenker Ministry of Agriculture
Minister for National Defense Friedrich Freiherr von Georgi Ministry of National Defense in office since 1907 ( Beck , Bienerth , Gautsch III ) and until 1917 ( Clam-Martinic )
Minister (unofficially Minister of State for Galicia  (1.) until November 20, 1911 Wenceslas Count von Zaleski Ministry of Agriculture also entrusted with the management of the agriculture ministry , then finance minister
Minister (unofficially Minister of State for Galicia ) (2.) from November 20, 1911 Ladislaus of Dlugosz Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Minister (unofficially Minister of State for Galicia ) (3.) from December 27, 1913 Zdzislaw Morawski-Dzierzykraj Presidency of the Council of Ministers

literature

  • Helmut Rumpler , Peter Urbanitsch (ed.): The Habsburg Monarchy 1848–1918. Volume VII: Constitution and Parliamentarism. Two volumes, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2000, ISBN 978-3-7001-2869-4 and ISBN 978-3-7001-2871-7 .
  • Elisabeth Kovács, Pál Arató (SJ), Franz Pichorner, Lotte Wewalka: The fall or salvation of the Danube monarchy? Publications of the Commission for Modern History of Austria, Commission for Modern History of Austria, Volume 1 ISBN 978-3-205-77295-8 .
  • Bertold Spuler (arr.): Regents and governments of the world. Part 2, Vol. 3, Würzburg 1962, pp. 282, 290-292, 305 f .; quoted by Austrian Government (1911-11-03 - 1916-10-21): Cabinet Stürgkh I . Keyword No. 29020 in: Critical online edition of the Nunciature reports Eugenio Pacellis (1917–1929) . ( Online , accessed February 19, 2013).

media

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Official daily newspaper Wiener Zeitung , No. 244, October 24, 1916, p. 1
  2. ↑ a b Heinold von Udynski, Karl Freiherr in the German biography see also Karel Heinold in the Czech Wikipedia
  3. ↑ Robert Meyer . In: Robert Winter: The Academic Gymnasium in Vienna: Past and Present . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 1996, ISBN 978-3-205-98485-6 , p. 196 ( limited preview in the Google book search)
  4. ↑ a b c Wolfgang Fritz: Wenzel von Zaleski - Grand Seigneur with a vision. Austrian Finance Ministers series , 20th part. In: Wiener Zeitung , August 20, 2002 ( online );
    Zaleski, Wenzel Ritter von . Photo, bildarchivaustria.at
  5. ↑ Engel von Mainfelden, August Freiherr (since 1910) in the German biography photo of the tomb. Graves Grinzinger Friedhof , viennatouristguide.at
  6. ^ Leth, Karl von (1861–1930), banking specialist . Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950;
    Karl (from) Leth . In: Robert Winter: The Academic Gymnasium in Vienna: Past and Present . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 1996, ISBN 978-3-205-98485-6 , p. 192 ( limited preview in Google book search)
  7. ^ Leth, Karl Ritter von , photo, bildarchivaustria.at
  8. ↑ (19 July 1871 to 25 June 1919) Trnka of Laberon, Otakar baron . (Note), Trnka von Laberon, Ottokar Freiherr (photo), both bildarchivaustria.at
  9. ^ Zenker, Franz Freiherr von . Photo, bildarchivaustria.at
  10. ^ Morawski, Zdzisław (1859–1928), administrative officer and literary historian . Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950;
    see also Zdzisław Morawski (prawnik) in the Polish Wikipedia