Ministry of Hussarek

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The Hussarek Ministry (July 25, 1918 - October 27, 1918; “Ministry” referred to the entire cabinet in the parlance at the time ) was the penultimate government of the Austrian states (Cisleithanien) in the crumbling Austro-Hungarian monarchy .

Term of office

The government succeeded the Seidler Ministry , headed by Ernst von Seidler , which resigned because of the uproar over the peace of bread (separate peace with Ukraine). Emperor Karl I now appointed Max Hussarek von Heinlein , Minister of Education since 1911 and university professor for canon law by profession, as the new Imperial and Royal Prime Minister .

The state's situation had become very difficult: The United States' entry into the war in 1917 made the victory of the Central Powers in World War I increasingly unlikely, the nationalities of Old Austria diverged, and the supply situation for the military and civilian population steadily deteriorated. The Hussarek Ministry could not change that.

The idea, which was ventilated until mid-October 1918, to rebuild the government into a ministry of people in which all nationalities of Cisleithani are represented, failed because the Slavs in the north and south of the previous state refused to participate because they refused to participate wanted to pursue their plans independently of each other and independently of a government in Vienna. Now the Kaiser and Hussarek pursued a much more vague plan: They wanted to prevent the complete collapse of the monarchy with the imperial “ People's Manifesto ” of October 16, 1918, which promised the nationalities extensive independence and the conversion of the Austrian half of the empire into a league of free peoples . The Hungarian Prime Minister Sándor Wekerle refused to propose a similar manifesto for Transleithanien ; On October 18, 1918, the Hungarian government terminated the Compromise of 1867 and thus the real union with Austria with effect from October 31 . The Austrian nationalities took up the concession of the Manifesto of Nations to officially form their own national councils, but combined this with the preparation of the founding of states without the consent of the emperor. Hussarek, who wanted to retire beforehand, then definitely resigned.

On October 27, 1918, the Emperor appointed the Lammasch Ministry , the last government in Old Austria, referred to in the Viennese media as the “ Ministry of Liquidation” even before the appointment.

Head of State of Cisleithania was Charles I , Emperor of Austria and King of Bohemia (on November 11, 1918, no share in state affairs), joint Austro-Hungarian ministers of the time were:

minister

kk minister from Official Political party kk authority annotation
Prime Minister Max Freiherr Hussarek von Heinlein  CS  Presidency of the Council of Ministers previously minister of education and culture ( Stürgkh , Koerber II , Clam-Martinic , Seidler )
Minister of the Interior Edmund Ritter von Gayer Ministry of the Interior since June 11, 1918 ( Seidler ); until November 11th ( Lammasch ) in office
Minister of Justice Hugo Ritter von Schauer Ministry of Justice
Minister for Culture and Education Georg Ritter von Madeyski-Poray Ministry of Culture and Education
Finance minister Ferdinand Freiherr von Wimmer Ministry of Finance
Minister of Commerce Friedrich Freiherr von Wieser Ministry of Commerce in office since Aug. 30, 1917 ( Seidler ) and until Nov. 11 ( Lammasch )
Minister for Public Works Emil Homann Ministry of Public Works before June 24th – 30th Aug. 1917 ( Seidler ) and until Nov. 11 ( Lammasch ) in office
Railway Minister Karl Freiherr von Banhans Ministry of Railways in office since June 24, 1917 ( Seidler ) and until November 11 ( Lammasch )
Agriculture Minister Ernst Count Silva-Tarouca Ministry of Agriculture in office since Aug. 30, 1917 ( Seidler ) and until Nov. 11 ( Lammasch )
Minister for Social Welfare Viktor Mataja Ministry of Social Welfare November 15, 1908-3. In November 1911 ( Bienerth , Gautsch ) and from June 23, 1917 ( Seidler ) entrusted the management of the Ministry of Commerce (until August 30, 1917, then without portfolio), appointed Minister for Social Welfare on December 22, 1917; the ministry began operations on January 1, 1918
Minister for Public Health July 30, 1918,
previously without a
business
area 		Ivan (Johann) Horbaczewski Ministry of Public Health newly built, official operation from August 10, 1918; previously since August 30, 1917 ( Seidler , Hussarek) Minister without portfolio, in office until November 11 ( Lammasch )
Minister for National Defense Karl Freiherr Czapp von Birkenstetten Ministry of National Defense
Minister (unofficially: Minister of State for Galicia ) Kasimir Ritter von Galecki Presidency of the Council of Ministers formally without portfolio ; previously Head of Section, until November 11th ( Lammasch )
Minister (Head of the National Nutrition Office) Ludwig Paul Office for People's Nutrition (subordinate to the Presidency of the Council of Ministers ) since Feb. 26, 1918 ( Seidler ), then until Nov. 11 ( Lammasch ); 1919 State Secretary for Transport ( Renner II ,  III ) until † July 1, 1920

literature

  • Klaus Berchtold: Constitutional History of the Republic of Austria , Volume 1, Springer, 1998, ISBN 978-3-211-83188-5 , pp. 2-18.
  • Helmut Rumpler , Peter Urbanitsch (ed.): The Habsburg Monarchy 1848–1918. Volume VII: Constitution and Parliamentarism. Two volumes. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 2000, ISBN 978-3-7001-2869-4 and ISBN 978-3-7001-2871-7 .
  • Elisabeth Kovács, Pál Arató (SJ), Franz Pichorner, Lotte Wewalka: The fall or salvation of the Danube monarchy? Publications of the Commission for Modern History of Austria, Commission for Modern History of Austria, Volume 1 ISBN 978-3-205-77295-8 .
  • Schulthess' European History Calendar. 59.2, NF 34 (1918), Munich 1922, pp. 21, 47 f.
  • Bertold Spuler (arr.): Regents and governments of the world. Part 2, Vol. 3, Würzburg 1962, pp. 282, 291-293, 308 f.
  • Austrian Government (1918-07-25 - 1918-10-27) Cabinet Hussarek von Heinlein . Keyword No. 29002 in: Critical online edition of the Nunciature reports Eugenio Pacellis (1917–1929) . pacelli-edition.de accessed on February 19, 2013.

documentation

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Homann von Herimberg, Emil Frh. (1862–1945), administrative officer. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 2, Publishing House of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1959, p. 411 f. (Direct links on p. 411 , p. 412 ).
  2. ↑ also: Kazimierz, * 1863 † 1941
    Galecki, Kazimierz , in: Baza osób polskich - Polish personal database, baza-nazwisk.de
  3. ^ John W. Boyer: Karl Lueger (1844-1910): Christian social politics as a profession . Volume 93 of Studies on Politics and Administration , ed. by Christian Brünner, Wolfgang Mantel, Manfried Welan. Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2010, ISBN 978-3-205-78366-4 , note 39, p. 541 . refers Hans Loewenfeld-Russ: The regulation of the people's food in war . Vienna 1926, p. 292-296 . Hans Loewenfeld-Russ: In the fight against hunger. From the memories of the State Secretary for People's Nutrition 1918–1920 . Ed .: Isabella Ackerl . Vienna 1986, p. 43–44 , footnote 37 above> ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  4. ↑ Subordinated to the Ministerial Presidium by Koerber. Boyer: Karl Lueger . 2010, note 38, p. 541 (refers to BDFA, Volume 10, pp. 361, 398). Loewenfeld-Russ: In the fight . S. 43-44 , footnote 37 above . }