Ernst Emanuel von Silva-Tarouca

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Ernst Emanuel Graf Silva-Tarouca as honorary president of the Czech-Slovak ethnographic exhibition in Prague 1895

Ernst Emanuel (Count of) Silva-Tarouca , (Czech: Arnošt; until 1907 spelling of the name Sylva), (born January 3, 1860 in Čechy pod Kosířem , Olomouc district , Moravia ; † August 15, 1936 in Schwaigern Castle in Baden-Württemberg) was a k. u. k. Austro-Moravian dendrologist and politician. Its botanical author's abbreviation is " Silva Tar. ". Titles of nobility were revoked in December 1918 in Czechoslovakia , which was founded on October 28, 1918 and for which Silva-Tarouca opted.

Life

Ernst Graf Silva-Tarouca was the son of k. k. Rittmeister August Alexander Graf Silva Tarouca and his first wife Gisela Countess zu Stolberg-Stolberg (1824–1864). His family name came from Portuguese ancestors of the Silva-Tarouca family . His older brother and owner of the family entourage was Count Franz Josef Silva-Tarouca, treasurer (an honorary position) at the imperial court and hereditary manor house member in the Austrian half of Austria-Hungary . Since both father died early, Egbert Count Belcredi , Moravian landowner and member of parliament, brother of the Austrian top politician Count Richard Belcredi , became his guardian.

Silva-Tarouca was brought up in the Jesuit-run college Kalksburg south of Vienna and then studied law at the University of Vienna . After completion of this study, he had a short time at the Imperial governor's office in Prague operates.

In 1885 Ernst married the wealthy Countess Maria von Nostitz-Rieneck . After the marriage he devoted himself to his wife's sole heir , the Pruhonitz Castle and the associated castle park, only a few kilometers away from Prague. He had the castle rebuilt in the Czech Neo-Renaissance style from 1889–1894 . He redesigned the castle park (today around 2.5 km²) in the English landscape style and planted many rare tree species that form impressive groups of trees, some of them mighty, in an arboretum .

In the field of dendrology he was, as an autodidact, with Camillo Schneider leading specialist publications. In 1908 he was a co-founder of the Austro-Hungarian Dendrological Society.

In 1895 Silva-Tarouca was a leader in the Národopisná výstava českoslovanská (the Czech-Slovak ethnographic exhibition ) in Prague. The first relevant permanent collection was shown in Silva-Tarouca's Palais Am Graben in Prague's old town; today the holdings are part of the Prague National Museum .

In the Roman Catholic Church he was responsible for the organization of the General Austrian Catholic Days from 1896 to 1913 as General Commissioner . From 1905 to 1910 he was president of the central office of all non-political associations in Austria, the forerunner of the later Catholic Action . In 1915 he was briefly vice-president of the Catholic Volksbund, a lay organization.

Political functions in the monarchy

  • 1888 chamberlain (an honorary position at the kuk court)
  • 1891–1907 member of the Reichsrat (end of the mandate, when the curiae suffrage was replaced by the general, equal, direct and secret suffrage for all adult men)
  • 1892–1913 member of the Bohemian Landtag ; elected to the curia of the great landowners. (The state parliament, which until recently did not introduce universal male suffrage, was the scene of violent national disputes between Czechs and Germans; after its adjournment brought about by the imperial Prime Minister Stürgkh in 1913 , it was no longer convened until the establishment of Czechoslovakia.)
  • 1902 Privy Council (an imperial honorary office)
  • 1907–1918 member of the manor house of the Austrian Imperial Council , which was declared abolished by the republican German Austria on November 12, 1918.
  • August 30, 1917 to October 31, 1918 (transfer to the German-Austrian State Council ) or November 11, 1918 (removal by the Kaiser): Imperial and Royal Agriculture Minister in the Seidler , Hussarek and Lammasch ministries

Imperial award

Silva-Tarouca received on November 11, 1918, the day of the resignation of Emperor Charles I and the dismissal of the last imperial government to which he belonged, as thanks for his services like some other government members a medal; in his case it was the Austro-Imperial Leopold Order . The award of the medal to the outgoing ministers in Schönbrunn Palace was the last that Charles I carried out as an Austrian monarch.

Activity after the end of the monarchy

After the break-up of Austria-Hungary at the end of October 1918, he withdrew to his estates, like many aristocrats at the time, and together with Camillo Schneider published the three-volume culture manuals for gardening enthusiasts in 1922 and 1923 . From 1922 on he was at the head of the dendrological society in Czechoslovakia. In 1927 he sold the Průhonice Park to the Czechoslovak state, which set up an experimental station in the park, the forerunner of the Institute for Landscape and Garden Design, which is now named after Silva-Tarouca.

Publications

  • No hunter, no hunter! A manual of the game reserve for hunters and hunters suitable for grazing . Berlin: Parey, 1899, 2nd edition 1927
  • Happy Days. Hunting stories from five decades , 1923, (4th edition) Wehrmachtsausg. 1944
  • Announcements of the Dendrological Society for the Promotion of Wood Lore and Garden Art in Austria-Hungary 1, 1911-12
  • F. v. Raesfeld, Das dt. Waidwerk, 4th edition 1931
  • The park , 1894
  • The Silva's in Austria , 1899
  • Our outdoor softwoods: Cultivation, care and use of all known softwoods that can be cultured outdoors in Central Europe . F. Tempsky, Vienna 1913, doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.15412
  • Our outdoor softwoods: cultivation, care and use of all known softwoods that can be cultured outdoors in Central Europe, including ginkgo and ephedra (together with Camillo Schneider). 2., new through. u. verm. ed., Vienna a. a .: Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky u. a., 1923. 315 pages. doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.45862
  • Our open-air deciduous trees: cultivation, maintenance and use of all known deciduous trees that can be cultured outdoors in Central Europe . 2. completely redesigned. and probably ed., Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky, Vienna 1922 doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.45906 , doi: 10.5962 / bhl.title.32616
  • Our open-air deciduous trees: cultivation, care and use of all known deciduous trees that can be cultured outdoors in Central Europe (together with Camillo Schneider). 3. completely reworked u. verm. ed., Vienna a. a .: Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky u. a., 1931. 434 pages.
  • Our outdoor perennials: cultivation, care and use of all known perennial herbaceous plants that can be cultivated outdoors in Central Europe (together with Camillo Schneider). 5., total. edit again and exp. Ed., Vienna: Hölder-Pichler-Tempsky; Leipzig: Freytag, 1934. 482 pages.

literature

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Silva-Tarouca, Ernst Emanuel von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Silva-Tarouca, Ernst Emanuel Graf von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-Bohemian dendrologist and politician
DATE OF BIRTH January 3, 1860
PLACE OF BIRTH Čechy pod Kosířem , Moravia
DATE OF DEATH August 15, 1936
Place of death Schwaigern Castle , Baden-Wuerttemberg