Rock chickweed

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Rock chickweed
Rock chickweed (Minuartia rupestris), illustration

Rock chickweed ( Minuartia rupestris ), illustration

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Alsinoideae
Genre : Mieren ( Minuartia )
Type : Rock chickweed
Scientific name
Minuartia rupestris
( Scop. ) Schinz & Thell.

The Rock chickweed ( Minuartia rupestris ) is a plant of the genus Mieren ( Minuartia ) within the family of Caryophyllaceae (Caryophyllaceae).

description

The rock chickweed is a hibernating green, loosely creeping, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 4 to 15 centimeters. The stem lignified. The opposite leaves are 2 to 5 mm long, lanceolate, pointed, flat on top and ciliate.

The flowering period extends from July to August. The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five petals are about as long as the 4 millimeter long sepals . There are two circles with five stamens each. There are three styluses .

A capsule forms as a fruit .

The number of chromosomes is 2n = approx. 72.

ecology

The rock chickweed is counted among the Chamaephytes in terms of its life form , as its survival buds are a few centimeters above the surface of the earth. It is pollinated by insects . Typical pollinators are syrphids, bees and butterflies . The diaspores spread through the wind . Creeping instincts ensure vegetative reproduction .

Occurrence

Its distribution area of ​​the Felsen-Miere in Central Europe extends from the Salzburg and Carinthian Alps to the Maritime Alps . It occurs in France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Austria and Slovenia. Overall, it is rare and also absent in larger areas. In Germany, scattered occurrences in the Allgäu are documented. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises from 1750 meters to an altitude of 2455 meters on the summit of the Linkerskopf in Bavaria.

The Felsen-Miere colonizes dry crevices, rarely rock debris in sunny locations. It prefers altitudes between 2000 and 3000 meters. It thrives best on lime and fine earth containing, stony subsoil , but also grows on lime -poor, even lime-free subsoil if it is otherwise rich in mineral nutrients . It is a character species of the Minuartietum rupestris from the association Potentillion caulescentis.

Systematics

It was first published in 1771 under the name ( Basionym ) Stellaria rupestris by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in Flora Carniolica Exhibens Plantas Carniolae Indigenas et Distributas in Classes Naturales cum Differentiis Specificis, Synonymis Recentiorum, Locis Natalibus, Nominibus Incolarum, Observationibus Selectis, Viribus Medicis , 2nd edition , 1, p. 317. The new combination to Minuartia rupestris (Scop.) Schinz & Thell. was published in 1907 by Hans Schinz and Albert Thellung in Bulletin de l'Herbier Boissier , Series 2, 7, p. 403. Another synonym for Minuartia rupestris (Scop.) Schinz & Thell. is Alsine lanceolata (All.) Mert. & WDJKoch .

From Minuartia rupestris There are two subspecies:

  • Minuartia rupestris (Scop.) Schinz & Thell. subsp. rupestris (Syn .: Alsine rupestris (Scop.) Fenzl , Minuartia lanceolata subsp. rupestris (Scop.) Mattf. ): It is widespread in the mountains from France and Germany via Switzerland and Austria to Italy and Slovenia. It is extremely rare in Germany. In Bavaria it is only known from a few sites in the Allgäu High Alps and from two sites in the Berchtesgaden Alps .
  • Minuartia rupestris subsp. clementei (Huter) Greuter & Burdet (Syn .: Alsine clementei Huter , Minuartia lanceolata subsp. clementei (Huter) Mattf. , Alsine flaccida var. clementei (Huter) Fiori ): It occurs only in France and Italy in the Alps.

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literature

  • Rock chickweed. In: FloraWeb.de.
  • Karol Marhold, 2011: Caryophyllaceae. Datasheet at Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity . (Section systematics)
  • Siegmund Seybold : The flora of Germany and the neighboring countries. A book for identifying all wild and frequently cultivated vascular plants . Founded by Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen . 95th completely revised and expanded edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01498-2 .
  • Eckehart J. Jäger (ed.): Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular plants: baseline . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 .
  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). 2nd corrected and enlarged edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2007, ISBN 978-3-8001-4990-2 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 382.
  2. ↑ a b Eckehart J. Jäger (Ed.): Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Vascular plants: baseline. Founded by Werner Rothmaler . 20th, revised and expanded edition. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-8274-1606-3 , page 580.
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 504.
  4. ↑ a b Karol Marhold, 2011: Caryophyllaceae : Datasheet Minuartia rupestris In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Felsen-Miere ( Minuartia rupestris )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files