Medium lark spur

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Medium lark spur
Middle Larkspur (Corydalis intermedia)

Middle Larkspur ( Corydalis intermedia )

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Order : Buttercups (Ranunculales)
Family : Poppy Family (Papaveraceae)
Subfamily : Fumitoy (Fumarioideae)
Genre : Lark spurs ( Corydalis )
Type : Medium lark spur
Scientific name
Corydalis intermedia
( L. ) Mérat

The middle lark spur ( Corydalis intermedia (L.) Mérat , Syn .: Corydalis fabacea (Retz.) Pers. ) Is a plant species in the subfamily of the fume family (Fumariaceae). It is widespread in Europe.

description

illustration
Flowers and bracts

The middle larkspur is a perennial herbaceous plant . This geophyte forms a spherical, filled tuber as a persistence organ. The upright and unbranched stem reaches a height of 7 to 20 centimeters. Usually there are two to three leaves on the stem and at its base a conspicuous, pale, about 0.5 to 2 centimeters long lower leaf scale in the armpit often another sprout emerges . The leaves are doubly tripartite and shaped like those of the Hollow Larksporn ( Corydalis cava ).

The racemose inflorescence contains one to five flowers, more rarely it can be up to eight. The flowers are crowded and slightly overhanging with age. The bracts of the flowers are oval-lanceolate in shape and have entire margins; very rarely are they roughly toothed or incised.

The mean larkspur blooms mainly in March and April. The zygomorphic flowers are about 10 to 15 mm long. Sepals are absent. The petals are purple or (rarely) completely white. The upper lip is broadly edged and has a flat hem. The inner petals are winged keeled on the back and have a wing that extends over the tip. The spur is straight and about as long as the rest of the flower.

The fruit stalk is about 0.2 to 0.3 times as long as the hanging fruit. The pod-shaped and about 1.5 to 2 centimeters long capsule fruit opens into two lobes and contains several seeds. The kidney-shaped and black seeds have a white appendage.

The chromosome number of the species is 2n = 16 or 20.

ecology

The seeds are spread by ants .

Occurrence

The mean larkspur is a temperate continental flora element . The mean larkspur is widespread in Europe. The distribution area of Corydalis intermedia extends from the Ukraine in the east over the Balkan peninsula , northern Italy to southwest France . To the north it penetrates through southern Sweden and Norway to southern Finland .

The mean lark spur is absent in large areas in the Central European lowlands west of the Elbe and in the low mountain ranges west of the Weser , but it occurs on the upper reaches of the Danube in the Swabian Alb area and sporadically in the Alpine foothills , as well as in the Swiss Jura , Valais and Austria ; otherwise it is rare everywhere in Central Europe . It occurs scattered to rare in Central Europe. In Germany, the mean larkspur occurs mainly in the northeast and eastern parts and is sometimes quite common there. Presumably he is also often overlooked and taken for the hollow lark's spur . In Austria and Switzerland it occurs sparsely or rarely. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in Vorarlberg on the Stier-Alpe at Haldenwanger Eck up to 1650 m above sea level.

In Central Europe it mainly inhabits ravine forests, but it also goes into herbaceous deciduous forests, beech forests, in bushes and in the Alps on cattle stocks. It occurs in societies of the associations Tilio-Acerion, Fagion and Adenostylion. The medium lark spur thrives best on fresh, loose, muddy , nutrient - and base - rich, but rather lime - poor, loamy soils. It occurs in locations with high humidity.

toxicology

The middle lark spur contains poisonous alkaloids , especially in the tuber .

literature

  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi: The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg , 1990, Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, ISBN 3-8001-3322-9 .
  • August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland , 1986, Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition, page 428. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  2. ↑ a b c d e Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe. Volume 2: Yew plants to butterfly plants. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-440-06192-2 .
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 567.

Web links

Commons : Middle Larkspur ( Corydalis intermedia )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files