Mnichus
| Mnichus Munchausen |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Opole | ||
| Powiat : | Opole | ||
| Gmina : | Ozimek | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 42 ' N , 18 ° 19' E | ||
| Residents : | 133 (Oct 31, 2018) | ||
| Postal code : | 46-040 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 77 | ||
| License plate : | OPO | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Katowice | ||
Mnichus ( German Münchhausen , 1945-2009 Mnichów ) is a village in Upper Silesia . Mnichus is located in the urban and rural municipality of Ozimek (Malapane) in the Powiat Opolski (Opole district) in the Polish Opole Voivodeship .
geography
Geographical location
Mnichus is nine kilometers northeast of the municipality of Ozimek (Malapane) and 31 kilometers east of the district town and voivodeship capital Opole (Opole).
The place is in the middle of extensive forest areas. The Myślina ( Mischline ) flows southeast of the village .
Neighboring places
Neighboring towns of Mnichus are in the northwest Grodziec (Friedrichsgrätz), in the north Chobie and Dombrowitze ( Dąbrowica ), in the northeast Mischline ( Myślina ) and in the south Klein Stanisch ( Staniszcze Małe ).
history
Münchhausen was founded as a royal colony in 1774 and had 20 colonist positions. The colony was named after Ernst Friedemann von Münchhausen (1724–1784), who was Prussian Minister of State and Justice from 1763 to 1764. The first colonist houses were wooden huts with thatched roofs. Each colonist position received twelve acres of fields, four acres of meadow and one acre of courtyard with garden land. Since this was not enough, the colonists were given more land, so they ended up owning 28 acres and 72 square rods. Since the area was partly sterile sandy soil and acidic peatland soil, the colonists were forced to make additional income. This included shoemaking, weaving, day labor and clusters. In 1787 there were 99 inhabitants in Münchhausen and in 1819 148 inhabitants.
After the reorganization of the province of Silesia which belonged rural community of Munchausen from 1816 to district Opole in the administrative district of Opole . The Protestant school was opened in 1830. In 1845 there was a Protestant school and 22 other houses in the village. In the same year 206 people lived in Münchhausen, 99 of them Catholic. In 1865 the place had 18 colonists, one farm house owner, two local house owners and 13 residents. At that time the school had 32 students. The German-speaking Protestants held their services in the school building, which was held by the pastor from Malapane , the Czech-speaking Protestants held their services in Friedrichsgrätz and the Catholics were parish in Krascheow . In 1874 the district of Friedrichsgrätz was founded, which consisted of the rural communities of Chobie, Friedrichsgrätz and Münchhausen. Around 1880 the Friedrichsgrätz district was dissolved and Münchhausen was assigned to the Krascheow district.
In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 111 eligible voters voted to remain in Germany and 62 to belong to Poland. Münchhausen remained with the German Empire . In 1933 there were 251 inhabitants. In 1939 the place had 241 inhabitants. Until 1945 the place was in the district of Opole .
In 1945 the previously German place came under Polish administration and was attached to the Silesian Voivodeship and renamed Mnichów . In 1950 the place came to the Opole Voivodeship and since 1999 it has belonged to the re-established Powiat Opolski . On August 1, 2005 the place had 154 inhabitants. In 2009 the Polish name was changed from Mnichów to Mnichus . The name Mnichów had not established itself with the population. In a public survey in the community of Ozimek in 2011, the residents of the place voted for the introduction of the German place name. The municipal council rejected this in 2013.
Sights and monuments
- Cemetery chapel - built from 1963 to 1964
Community seal
The seal of the former community of Münchhausen shows a house with a conifer in the middle and a person plowing the soil.
Web links
- Article on ozimek.pl (Polish)
- History of Mnichus on ozimek.pl (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ^ Population Gmina Ozimek (Polish), October 1, 2018, accessed on April 3, 2019
- ^ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 423.
- ↑ Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Breslau 1865
- ^ Territorial district of Friedrichsgrätz / Krascheow / Schönhorst
- ^ Results of the referendum in Upper Silesia of 1921: Literature , table in digital form ( Memento from January 24, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Opole (Polish: Opole). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Decision of December 18, 2008
- ↑ Radio Opole: Konsultacje w sprawie dwujęzycznych nazw ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Elaboration on Mnichus (Polish; PDF file; 929 kB)
Antoniów (Antonia) | Biestrzynnik (Ringwalde) | Chobie (Chobie) | Dylaki (dylocks) | Grodziec (Friedrichsgrätz) | Krasiejów (Krascheow) | Krzyżowa Dolina (Kreuzthal) | Mnichus (Münchhausen) | Ozimek (Malapane) | Pustków (Pustkow) | Schodnia (Alt Ostdorf) | Szczedrzyk (Sczedrzik)