Fashionable Claire

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Fashionable Claire

Modeste Onésimowitsch Claire , also Modeste Clerc , ( Russian Модест Онисимович Клер * December 26, 1879 . Jul / 7. January  1880 greg. In Yekaterinburg ; † 10. September 1966 in Sverdlovsk ) was a Russian geologist , paleontologist and university teachers .

Life

Claire was the son of the French teacher and naturalist Onésime Claire, who immigrated from Switzerland in 1862, and his wife Natalija Nikolajewna née Zolotova. Claire attended high school in Yekaterinburg with graduation in 1898 and helped his father with his insect collection and herbarium as well as with the archaeological work and with the activities for the museum of the Urals Society of Natural History Friends .

Claire studied at the Faculty of Natural History of the Neuchâtel Academy , graduating in 1901, whereupon he became an assistant at the Department of Geology . In 1903 he became curator of the Department of Geology and Paleontology of the Museum of the City of Geneva and enlarged its collections. In 1904 the University of Geneva made him a doctorate in natural sciences with his dissertation on paleontology .

From 1907 Claire taught at the University of Kiev and in 1908 became curator of the Geological Cabinet. His scientific teacher was Nikolai Ivanovich Andrussow . In 1909 he became an assistant at the Don Polytechnic Institute in Novocherkassk and curator of the Geological Cabinet. From 1911, Claire headed the Museum of the Urals Society of Natural History Friends in Yekaterinburg, of which he had been a member since 1901. In 1913 he also became an employee of the Urals department of the State Geological Committee.

After the October Revolution , Claire became a lecturer at the Urals Mining Institute in Yekaterinburg in 1918 and professor and rector in 1919 . From 1920 he was a professor at the Vladivostok Polytechnic Institute and the Urals Polytechnic Institute in Yekaterinburg. In 1920 he became president of the Urals Society of Natural History Friends (until 1923).

Claire was arrested by the GPU in May 1923 and charged with espionage for France in January 1924 . He had prepared a report on the platinum industry in the Urals for the French government from public sources , which they needed for their negotiations with the Soviet government about the exploitation of Soviet platinum deposits . He was defended by the metallurgist Vladimir Efimovich Grum-Grschimailo . On February 14, 1924, the provincial court sentenced Claire to ten years of strict isolation instead of being shot. He was released on August 8, 1925 by a resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee . In 1926 he joined the Commission for the Study of Natural and Industrial Resources of the RSFSR .

In connection with the industrial party trial against Leonid Konstantinowitsch Ramsin and others, Claire was arrested in 1930 and taken to Leningrad . On October 28, 1931 he was exiled to the Urals for 5 years. He lived and worked there until his death.

From 1933 Claire headed the Department of Geodynamics , Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology at the Sverdlovsk Mining Institute . 1936-1937 he organized the Department of General Geology in the exhibition for the 17th International Geological Congress in 1937 in Moscow . This exhibition became the Sverdlovsk Geological Museum. With his help, the water supply problems of various industrial companies in the Urals and the cities of Sverdlovsk, Nizhny Tagil , Serov , Karpinsk , Chelyabinsk and Zlatoust were solved. He was a scientific advisor during the construction of the Ural Railway . He received the medal "For heroic work in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" .

On September 1, 1950, Claire retired. He now devoted himself to local history and working with children.

Claire was married to Ella Robertowna née Erdman (1882–1921) from Yekaterinburg and had two children.

On March 10, 1993, Claire was rehabilitated.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Валерия Анатольевна Мазур: К ДЕЛУ ПРОФЕССОРА КЛЕРА . In: " Известия Уральского государственного университета " . No. 5 , 1997, pp. 92–98 ( urfu.ru [PDF; accessed September 21, 2018]).
  2. ↑ a b c d В. В. Филатов: Клер Модест Онисимович (accessed September 21, 2018).
  3. ↑ a b Краткие биографии членов семьи Эрдманов (трех поколений) к 2010 г. (accessed on September 21, 2018).
  4. ↑ Clerc, Modeste: Étude monographique des fossils du Dogger de quelques gisements classiques du Jura neuchâtelois et vaudois . Impr. W. Kündig, Geneva 1904.
  5. ↑ Семен Чирков: Дело Екатеринбурга. Профессор, а ведь вы - иностранный шпион! (accessed on September 19, 2018).
  6. ↑ Староста уральских краеведов (film for Modeste Claire's 85th birthday) (accessed September 21, 2018).
personal data
SURNAME Claire, Modeste
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Claire, Modeste Onésimowitsch; Clerc, Modeste; Клер, Модест Онисимович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian geologist, paleontologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH January 7, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Ekaterinburg
DATE OF DEATH September 10, 1966
Place of death Sverdlovsk