Nanker

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Seal of Nakier, Bishop of Krakow

Nanker (Polish: Nankier Kołda ; * around 1265-1270 in Kamien , Duchy of Ratibor ; † April 10, 1341 in Neisse , Principality of Neisse ) was 1320-1326 Bishop of Krakow and 1326-1341 Prince-Bishop of Wroclaw .

Career

Nanker came from a wealthy family of noble landlords in the Duchy of Beuthen . After attending the Kraków Cathedral School , he became canon of the cathedral chapter there in 1304 and a year later archdeacon of Sandomir . Since the archdeacons at least three years studying the rights had to prove he studied from 1305 in Bologna , where he appeared as a representative of the Polish nation. After returning in 1308, he established close relationships with Duke Władysław I. Ellenlang , who later became King of Poland, known as Ellenlang , to whom he rendered various ecclesiastical and legal services. With Władysław's support, he became Chancellor of the Duchy of Sieradz in 1316 , Archipresbyter and pastor at St. Mary's Church in Krakow in 1318 and dean of the Cathedral there in 1319 .

Bishop of Krakow

After the death of Bishop Johann Muskata from Kraków , King Władysław appointed Nanker as his successor on January 20, 1320. The confirmation by Pope John XXII. took place in March 1320. The episcopal ordination was made by the Gnesen Archbishop Jarosław .

As early as November of the same year, Nanker called a diocesan synod , at which numerous statutes were issued that contained regulations on the spiritual and religious conduct of the clergy and established the diocesan legislation. During his tenure in Kraków, the construction of the Gothic St. Wenceslas Cathedral began in 1320 .

Prince-Bishop of Wroclaw

Coat of arms of the Wroclaw Bishop Nanker

At the request of King Władysław Łokietek, with whom Nanker had come into conflict, Pope John XXII transferred in 1326 . Nanker to the Breslau bishop's chair, which has been vacant since 1319. The appointment took place against the resistance of the citizens of Breslau and the cathedral chapter. This is probably why Nanker had little success with his reform efforts and asked the Pope several times to allow him to return to Krakow.

In 1335 Nanker opposed the unification of the Duchy of Silesia with the Kingdom of Bohemia , although the Polish King Casimir had given his consent in the Treaty of Trenčín and the majority of the cathedral chapter, under the leadership of the provost Nikolaus von Banz, stood on the side of the Bohemian King John of Bohemia .

Another serious conflict with King John of Bohemia occurred in 1339 when he forcibly occupied the Militsch fortress on the border with the Kingdom of Poland after unsuccessful sales negotiations . After King Johann could not be persuaded to return, Nanker imposed an excommunication on him. Fearing revenge, Nanker fled to Neisse, renewed the excommunication about King John in 1340 and extended it to his helpers, the councilors and citizens of Wroclaw .

Nanker lived an ascetic life and was venerated as a saint because of his piety and his services to the interests of the Church. After his death in Neisse in 1341, he was buried in the Breslau Cathedral .

literature

Web links

Commons : Nanker  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ This scene was depicted in the Breslau Cathedral on the second southern pillar on an alabaster relief from 1723.
predecessor Office successor
Johann Muskata Bishop of Cracow
1320-1326 		Johann Grot
Heinrich von Würben Prince-Bishop of Breslau
1326–1341 		Preczlaw from Pogarell
personal data
SURNAME Nanker
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nanker Kolda; Nankier
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bishop of Cracow, Prince-Bishop of Wroclaw
DATE OF BIRTH around 1265
PLACE OF BIRTH Kamien , Duchy of Ratibor
DATE OF DEATH April 10, 1341
Place of death Neisse , Principality of Neisse