Preczlaw from Pogarell

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High grave of "Preczlaus de Pogrella" in the Wroclaw Cathedral
High grave for Preczlaw von Pogarell

Preczlaw of Pogarell (also: Preczlaus , Przezislaus ; Polish: Przecław for Pogorzeli ; Czech: Přeclav for Pogarella even Břetislav ( Predslav ) Pogorell *  1299 in Habendorf , Duchy of Jawor , † 6. April 1376 in Ottmachau ) was archbishop of Breslau and court chancellor of Emperor Charles IV.

Career

Preczlaw from the Silesian noble family Pogrell is mentioned for the first time in 1329 as a Breslau canon. During his studies in Bologna he was elected on May 5, 1341 by the Wroclaw Cathedral Chapter to succeed the late Bishop Nanker . After the Archbishop of Gniezno Janisław refused to confirm the election and the consecration , Preczlaw turned to the Holy See . Pope Benedict XII. confirmed the election on January 28, 1342 and took on March 17, 1342 the episcopal ordination in Avignon . On May 6, 1342 Preczlaw returned to Breslau.

As sovereign of the Principality of Neisse , Preczlaw took the feudal oath in front of the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg , to whom he also sold the controversial Militsch Castle , whereby the disputes and tensions from the time of his predecessor, Bishop Nanker, could be settled. Politically, too, Preczlaw leaned closely to Bohemia and its later king and emperor Charles IV. In 1342 Preczlaw confirmed the fiefdom of the Silesian princes ( except Schweidnitz-Jauer ) from the Bohemian king and his patronage over the Wroclaw Church, with which he incorporated Silesia in 1344 supported the crown of Bohemia and thus indirectly to the empire . He was also instrumental in the formation of the Treaty of Namslau in 1348, in which the Polish King Casimir III. finally recognized the supremacy of Bohemia over Silesia. This is probably why Preczlaw became Charles IV's court chancellor in 1352.

Charles's plan to detach the diocese of Breslau from the archbishopric of Gniezno and to assign it to the archbishopric of Prague , which was established in 1344 , was open to Preczlaw, but could not obtain the approval of his cathedral chapter and the Polish king.

In 1344 Preczlaw acquired the town and soft picture of Grottkau , which he connected with the principality of Neisse. In the following, he and his successors were entitled “Prince of Neisse and Duke of Grottkau”. In addition, the town and castle Patschkau came into his possession, furthermore in 1345 the castle Kaldenstein near Černá Voda ( Schwarzwasser ), 1358 castle Friedberg near Friedberg as well as Weidenau and castle Jauernig near today's Javorník in the Lower Gesenk . The city fortifications in Grottkau were reinforced with towers.

Due to the skillful expansion of territorial holdings and good economic management, the diocese of Wroclaw was referred to as the "golden diocese" under his episcopate .

Church and religious life also flourished under him. He donated the Dorotheenkirche in Breslau with the Augustinian Hermits' monastery , the Brieger Collegiate Monastery of St. Hedwig, in Liegnitz the Collegiate Monastery of the Holy Sepulcher and the Benedictine Monastery as well as the Josephs Hospital in Neisse . In 1361 he expanded the Breslau Cathedral to include the Lady Chapel, where he also found his grave and an important tomb still commemorates him today. His demise was followed by a period of vacancy .

Remarks

  1. ↑ January Kapistrán Vyskočil : založení Biskupství v Litomyšli . In: Arnošt z Pardubic a jeho doba ; Nakladatelství Vyšehrad v Praze, 1947, pp. 139 and 666
  2. ↑ "Habe r ndorf" see: Jan Kapistrán Vyskočil: Založení biskupství v Praze , In: Arnošt z Pardubic a jeho doba ; Nakladatelství Vyšehrad v Praze, 1947, pp. 118f. 121 and 131f.

literature

Web links

Commons : Preczlaw von Pogarell  - collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Nanker Prince-Bishop of Breslau
1342–1376 		Wenceslas of Liegnitz
personal data
SURNAME Pogarell, Preczlaw of
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Preczlaus; Przezislaus; Przecław z Pogorzeli; Přeclav z Pogarella; Břetislav z Pogarell; Predslav z Pogorell
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prince-Bishop of Wroclaw
DATE OF BIRTH 1299
PLACE OF BIRTH Habendorf , Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer
DATE OF DEATH April 6, 1376
Place of death Ottmachau , Principality of Neisse