Kaltenstejn Castle

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Kaltenstein Castle ruins

The ruins of the Gothic castle Kaltenštejn (German Kaltenstein , formerly Kaldenstein ) are located 437 m high on the Hagewasser, southeast of the town of Černá Voda near the settlements Nové Podhradí and Staré Podhradí in Okres Jeseník in the Czech Republic .

history

The castle was built around 1290 on the Hradisko hill, which was previously called "Bishop's Cap". The entire castle complex covers an area of ​​100 by 30 to 70 meters. The entrance to the castle was on the west side, the remains of which can still be seen. The castle wall with a thickness of around two meters can still be seen over a length of 38 meters. The southern side of the castle was most at risk and was therefore particularly strongly fortified. A mill and a brewery are said to have been located on the castle grounds. An important part of the castle complex was the massive escape tower with a wall thickness of around four meters. The building material came from the granite quarried nearby.

The castle was first mentioned in 1295 as "Castrum Kaldensteyn". At that time it was acquired by the Piast Duke Bolko I of the Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer . At the request of the Breslau bishop Johann III. Romka was appointed mediator by the Pope, Bishop Johann Muskata of Kraków . This achieved that the castle fell back to the Wroclaw bishop.

At the beginning of the 14th century, the castle became dependent on pledges , from which it was bought out in 1307. In 1319 it was owned by the powerful Haugwitz family . In 1345 it was bought by the Breslau bishop Preczlaw von Pogarell . It served as a keep , on the highest point of which there was a two-winged palace. From 1398 onwards, the castle was under the control of the fortress Konrad Muschin, a relative of the warrior and Hus supporter Hynek Muschin. During the Hussite Wars, the castle was under the administration of Kunz from Sedlitz. At that time Kaltenstein was one of the castles in the Altvater area that could not be taken. In 1428 the castle and the surrounding towns and villages were leased to Pelkan von Kalkau.

In the summer of 1440 Sigismund von Reichenau , who was also called Rachna, abducted the daughter Anna of the deceased Puta the Elder from the castle in Glatz . J. von Častolowitz to Neuhaus Castle near Patschkau . The background to the kidnapping was Rachna's wish to get a part of her late father's inheritance through a possible marriage to Anna. After Hynek Kruschina von Lichtenburg acquired Puta's possessions a short time later and married his widow Anna von Kolditz, he conquered Neuhaus Castle in early 1441 and freed his stepdaughter. Rachna managed to escape to Kaltenštejn Castle, 22 kilometers south. There his helpers captured the castle lord Nikolaus Pelkan von Kalkau ( Mikuláš Pelkan z Kalkova ) and occupied the castle. Although Hynek Kruschina had pursued the kidnapper to Kaltenstein, he only burned some of the surrounding villages and left the conquest of the castle and the punishment of the kidnapper Rachna to the Bishop of Wroclaw Konrad von Oels . His army conquered the castle on March 11, 1441. Rachna was tortured to death in the castle, his helpers were brought to Neisse , where they were tortured and finally hanged.

Thereafter, the bishop's burgrave Hanusch von Moschin lived in the castle for rent. In 1460 Nikolaus Meinold received Kaltenstein Castle in exchange for Friedeberg . When he died, his wife and their son Hynek continued the administration. On June 29, 1467, Bishop Jodok von Rosenberg had the opposed Provost of Wroclaw, Johann Düster, arrested and taken to the castle. In 1470 the Breslau diocese bought the castle back for 2,700 guilders. Hynek received the town of Weidenau with the associated villages below the castle. Two years later, Hynek Meinold acquired the castle again. In 1497 it was acquired by knight Heinrich von Tetau for 2,700 guilders.

In 1505, Wroclaw Bishop Johannes Turzo bought Kaltenstein Castle for 1,400 guilders. Against the will of his cathedral chapter , he released it for demolition. Some of the natural stone from the masonry was used to build Johannesberg Castle near Jauernig , the summer residence of the Wroclaw bishops.

literature

  • Jindřich Hudec: Černá Voda v minulosti a dnes. (Schwarzwasser from the past and today.) Ed. v. Místni národní výbor Černá Voda, 1990, freely translated by v. Viktor Hank, J. Ryska, Otto Losert (unpublished manuscript).
  • Jan Urban: Lichtenburkové. Vzestupy a pády jednoho panského rodu (= Slechtické rody Cech, Moravy a Slezska. Vol. 2). Lidové Noviny, Praha 2003, ISBN 80-7106-579-X , pp. 290-318.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jindřich Hudec: Černá Voda. 1990, p. 39.
  2. ↑ Jan Urban: Lichtenburkové. 2003, pp. 300-304.
  3. ^ Jindřich Hudec: Černá Voda. 1990, pp. 36-39.

Web links

Coordinates: 50 ° 17 ′ 43.2 "  N , 17 ° 9 ′ 7.8"  E