Necati Akder

Abdullah Necati Akder (born July 13, 1901 in Istanbul ; † March 20, 1986 in Ankara ) was a Turkish philosopher , sociologist and university professor who, among other things, was chairman of the Türk Ocağı from 1960 to 1961 , an association that initially promoted Turanism and later propagated Turkish nationalism within the framework of Misak-ı Millî and was close to Mustafa Kemal Ataturk . In his work he dealt with the problems of Turkey on a sociological and philosophical basis.

Life

Study and teacher

Akder completed his primary education at the Köprülü Fâzıl Ahmed Pascha School, which he finished in 1916. He then began studying at Dar-ül-muallimin , the later teachers' college for men (Erkek Öğretmen Okulu) in Istanbul, and after graduating in 1918, he took up a position as a teacher at a special preschool and elementary school for orphans in Istanbul's Beykoz district . In 1923 he continued his training for high school teachers at Dar-ül-muallimin and then for high school teachers at Yüksek Muallim Mektebi . At the same time he began to study philosophy at the Darülfünun , the first university of the Ottoman Empire in the European sense founded in 1900 by Sultan Abdülhamid II .

During the course of study, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk established the Turkish Republic after the Turkish War of Liberation . Akder himself was shaped by the teaching of his professor Ziya Gökalp , but also by Mehmet İzzet's publication on the theory of nationality and national life under the title Milliyet Nazariyeleri ve Milli Hayat .

After completing his studies in 1928, Akder first worked as a philosophy teacher at the Trabzon grammar school , then at the Afyonkarahisar middle school and at the Erzurum grammar school , before he was last until 1933 a lecturer in literature at the teachers' college there. In 1933 he was sent to France by the Ministry of Education to study further philosophy , where he studied at the University of Paris Sorbonne until 1936 . He then completed another study visit at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin to research German philosophy and to compare Ottoman and European culture.

University professor in Ankara and works

Akder returned to Turkey in 1939 and accepted a position as a lecturer in philosophy at the Faculty of Linguistics, History and Geography at Ankara University . In the period that followed, he supported the French philosopher Olivier Lacombe , who was also appointed director of the Institute for Philosophy there in 1939, in setting up the Department of Philosophy, organizing teaching, and courses and seminars on the history of philosophy .

In 1942 Akder was appointed associate professor after the publication of his habilitation thesis Modern Bir Kültür Buhranının ifadesi Olarak Bazı Felsefe problem specialist Tetkikine Giriş . In this book he dealt for the first time with the problems of modern culture from a philosophical point of view and thus created the basis for his later investigations into the problems of Turkey on a sociological and philosophical basis and with corresponding solutions. In addition, he became Vice Director of the Institute for Philosophy in 1944 and as such was largely responsible for management and organization. He also gave philosophy courses at the Army School (Harp Okulu) from 1945 to 1946 .

In his book Bir Aksiyon Problemi Olarak Felsefe , published in 1946 , he again dealt with the treatment of current problems from a philosophical point of view, drawing on the approaches of well-known philosophers such as Socrates , Immanuel Kant , the Vienna Circle and Ziya Gökalp, but also on well-known foreign and domestic ones Authors and poets such as Anatole France , Rabindranath Thakur , Tevfik Fikret and Mehmet Âkif Ersoy returned. He examined the problems with the help and consideration of well-known philosophical currents such as skepticism , positivism , pragmatism , Marxism , materialism , realism , rationalism or even idealism . He examined the findings of the respective philosophy in relation to possible measures for problem solving as well as the philosophical argumentation with regard to the current needs of life. As a result, he came to the conclusion that in addition to the philosophical approaches to solving current problems, in particular the ecological and historical factors should be considered. In addition to the problems in Turkey, he also examined the situation in the Soviet Union under Josef Stalin or in the German Reich under Adolf Hitler, taking into account the approaches used there such as Hegelianism , dialectical materialism , Marxism-Leninism or National Socialism and against the background of the Second World War .

After Lacombe had accepted a professorship for the history of philosophy and comparative philosophy at the Université Lille Nord de France in 1947 , Akder succeeded him in 1948 as head of the philosophy department at Ankara University. At the same time he took over the chair for systematic philosophy there, which he held until he reached the age limit of 70 on July 13, 1971.

Chairman of the Türk Ocağı

After the military coup of May 27, 1960 , he succeeded Osman Turan as chairman of the Türk Ocağı , an association founded in 1912 which initially propagated Turanism and later Turkish nationalism as part of the Misak-ı Millî and was close to the ideas of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk . In 1961 Hamdullah Suphi Tanrıöver succeeded him as chairman of this association. In 1961 he also became a member of the Scientific Committee of the Institute for Cultural Research (Türk Kültürünü Araştırma Enstitüsü) .

In February 1964 Akder participated in a congress organized by the Ostkolleg of the Federal Center for Homeland Service in Cologne with the text Şarkî Avrupa'nın iktisadi ve içtimai Durumu , in which he dealt with the economic and social situation in Eastern Europe . In addition to teaching at Ankara University, in 1970 he also gave lectures on the philosophy of religion and moral philosophy at the Higher Islamic Institute (Yüksek İslâm Enstitüsü) in Kayseri, founded in 1965 and subordinated to the Ministry of National Education (Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı) .

In addition to his teaching and research activities, Akder published philosophical-sociological articles in the journals Dergisi (1944 to 1960) and Türk Kültürü (1963 to 1976) published by the Faculty of Linguistics, History and Geography of the University of Ankara . In addition, articles appeared in journals such as Özleyiş (1945 to 1947), Ülkü (1946), Türk Yurdu (1954 to 1961), Dili Yolu (1956), Devlet Tiyatroları (1956), Öğretmen (1957), Bilgi (1958), İslâm ( 1958), Gençlik Diyor Ki (1960), Türk Kültürü Araştırmaları (1964), Culture Turcica (1964), Araştırma (1965), Turancı (1967), Bayrak (1969) and Belgelerle Türk Tarihi (1976).

Publications

• Modern Bir Kültür Buhranının ifadesi Olarak Bazı Felsefe Problem solver Tetkikine Giriş , habilitation, 1942
• Bir Aksiyon Problemi Olarak Felsefe , 1946
• Şarkî Avrupa'nın iktisadi ve içtimai Durumu , 1964

Web links

• Entry in Kim Kimdir? (Who is who?)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Notice sur la vie et les travaux d'Olivier Lacombe on the homepage of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques (ASMP)