Network management
Under Network management refers to the management, operation and maintenance and monitoring of IT networks and telecommunications networks . The English technical term for these activities is OAM , Operation, Administration and Maintenance .
The ISO has developed the FCAPS model, which describes the functional tasks of network management:
- (F) Fault Management / Fault Management: Detection, logging, reporting and remedying of occurring fault conditions
- (C) Configuration Management / Configuration Management : registration of all components ( Configuration Items ) which must be monitored
- (A) Accounting management: recording the use of the network so that invoices can be issued
- (P) Performance Management: Collect traffic data / performance data and keep statistics, set limit values
- (S) Security management / security management : authentication of users, authorization of access and use
A large part of these tasks is supported by computer-based network management systems. However, real network management systems usually only support some of these tasks.
IP networks are often managed and monitored using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and / or Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI). In larger networks, other protocols such as B. SAA or Netflow used. In the national and international telecommunication networks, proprietary protocols with higher performance are used. B. QD2, in the USA Transaction Language 1 (TL1). Because of the significantly higher number of network elements in comparison with private networks , no protocols based on polling can be used . OSI protocols are also used in Europe.
The Telecommunications Management Network (TMN) is the group of ITU-T standards for managing large telecommunications networks.
Under network monitoring refers to the monitoring and regular monitoring of networks whose hardware (eg. As servers , routers , switches ) and services (eg. As web server , DNS services, email services). A distinction is made between external and internal monitoring. With external monitoring, an additional monitoring device is connected to the network, with internal monitoring not. A further characterization is made with the terms active and passive. With active monitoring, additional packets are sent into the network, with passive monitoring only "listened in" is made.
As part of the New Generation Operations Systems and Software (NGOSS) program, the TeleManagement Forum has developed a model for the fields of activity mentioned above, which has found widespread use in the service provider sector.
software
Open source monitoring software
- BigSister
- Cacti
- Check MK
- Ganglia
- Icinga
- Multi Router Traffic Grapher
- Munin
- Nagios
- openITCOCKPIT
- OpenNMS
- Opsview
- Op5 monitor
- Xymon
- Zabbix
- Zenoss
Proprietary monitoring software
- CA Unicenter
- HP OpenView
- IBM Tivoli
- Microsoft Operations Manager
- OpManager
- Marconi ServiceOn
- Quest BigBrother
- Spectrum Enterprise Manager
- Ipswitch WhatsUp Gold
- Adrem software NetCrunch
- PRTG Network Monitor
- SolarWinds
literature
- K. Franke, Uwe Hübner, Winfried Kalfa (eds.): Communication in distributed systems . Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg 1996, ISBN 3-540-58960-0 .
- Peter Bocker: ISDN . Digital networks for voice, text, data, video and multimedia communications; 4th edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg 1997, ISBN 3-642-64360-4 .
- Klaus Garbe: Management of computer networks . BG Teubner Verlag, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3-519-02418-7 .
- Jochen Dinger: Network and IT security management . An introduction, Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe 2008, ISBN 978-3-86644-209-2 .
- Bernd Lindemann: Local computer networks . Introduction and practical examples, VDI Verlag, Düsseldorf 1991, ISBN 3-642-95829-X .