Nieder Neuendorf
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Nieder Neuendorf
City of Hennigsdorf
Coordinates: 52 ° 36 ′ 30 ″ N , 13 ° 11 ′ 56 ″ E
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| Height : | 31 m above sea level NN |
| Incorporation : | 1923 |
Nieder Neuendorf , sometimes also spelled Niederneuendorf , is a residential area in the city of Hennigsdorf and is located northwest of Berlin .
location
The place extends along the Havel , which is widened here to form Nieder Neuendorfer See , in the middle of which the border between the federal states of Brandenburg and Berlin runs. The Berlin district of Reinickendorf ( Heiligensee district ) is located on the eastern shore of the lake . In the south, Nieder Neuendorf borders on the Berlin district of Spandau (district of Hakenfelde ). In the north, Nieder Neuendorf is separated from the Hennigsdorf district by the Havel Canal .
history
In the Middle Ages , the place gained importance through the ferry traffic to Heiligensee. The Nieder Neuendorf estate was acquired in 1885 by the publisher Emil Cohn , who gradually bought up other properties around the corner. His children sold the estate and some of the land from 1909 to AEG , which a little later set up one of its largest production sites here and in the neighboring Hennigsdorf. An AEG works airfield was built in 1912 west of Nieder Neuendorf . Emil Cohn's heirs planned in 1932 to parcel out the remaining land and sell it as building land for the construction of single-family houses. The takeover of power by the National Socialists prevented the project from continuing. In 1938, the heirs were forced to sell their properties to Gewobag for below value . Many members of the Cohn family perished in the extermination camps . The construction of the Cohn Quarter (then for "armaments workers of the AEG"), which had already started at the beginning of the 1940s , was continued in the 1950s (Nauener, Hirschstrasse and Fasanenstrasse).
Nieder Neuendorf was incorporated into Hennigsdorf in 1923.
The construction of the Havel Canal began in 1951 under the name “Paretz-Niederneuendorfer Canal” in order to be able to guide shipping traffic around West Berlin . After its completion in 1953, it was initially called the “Canal of Peace”.
The Protestant community Niederneuendorf belongs to the parish of Berlin Nord-Ost (bis 2008: Berlin-Pankow ) in the Sprengel Berlin Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Oberlausitz .
Buildings
Village church
Center of the village is composed of boulders built village church , the oldest in the city of Hennigsdorf. The altar cross and the candlesticks were designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel . The interior has been characterized by the economical stained glass by Carl Crodel since 1948 .
Border tower
From the time of the division of Germany and the sealing off of West Berlin by the GDR between 1961 and 1989, a border tower has been preserved that houses an exhibition on the Berlin Wall . In the Papenberge forest to the south, not far from this border tower, there are two former exclaves of West Berlin, Fichtewiese and Erlengrund . During the GDR era, these were used by West Berliners as a garden colony . The Erlengrund exclave could only be reached by boat from the Konradshöhe district of Berlin opposite, while the Fichtewiese exclave could only be reached through a gate in the border fence until an exchange of territory on July 1, 1988.
traffic
Nieder Neuendorf is located on Brandenburg state road 172, which runs from the city limits of Berlin ( Berlin-Hakenfelde ) to Hennigsdorf. A bus line 136 operated jointly by the Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG) and Oberhavel Verkehrsgesellschaft (OVG) connects Berlin-Spandau and Hennigsdorf with five stops in Nieder Neuendorf.
Between 1909 and 1952 Nieder Neuendorf was a train station on the Spandau – Bötzow railway, the so-called Bötzowbahn , which was operated by the Osthavelländische Kreisbahnen . Between 1923 and 1945, the tracks of this railway were also used by the Spandau-West – Hennigsdorfer Kleinbahn . It was a tram-like small train that was part of the Berlin tram network as line 120 . Nieder Neuendorfer Bahnhofstrasse, which leads to the former and still preserved station building (today private property), still makes the historical reference to the former rail link.
The Berlin Wall Trail , the Berlin – Copenhagen cycle path and the Havel cycle path run through Nieder Neuendorf .
Personalities
Connected to the place
- Johann Georg II. Von Ribbeck (1601–1666), captain of Spandau, landowner in Nieder Neuendorf from 1633 to 1640.
- Gustav von Bennigsen (1790–1867), Prussian major general.
- Emil Cohn (1832–1905), publisher, landowner in Nieder Neuendorf from 1885 to 1905.
- Theodor Schauenburg (1885–1917), AEG test pilot and flight instructor, fell fatally in 1917 while attempting loops in Nieder Neuendorf.
- Walter Hoefig (1889–1918), aviation pioneer, aviator with the AEG in Hennigsdorf, fell fatally in 1918 in Nieder Neuendorf.
- Otto Nuschke , (1883–1957), chairman of the Eastern CDU and deputy prime minister of the GDR, lived as a farmer in Nieder Neuendorf after being banned from working in 1933, where he died on December 27, 1957. In the early 1920s he had acquired 70 acres of farmland here . From 1924 to 1926 he had a small farm with a house and stable built for his son to manage. After his first wife, who died in 1923, he named the property "Gertrudenhof".
Others
In Nieder Neuendorf, the Nieder Neuendorfer Canal , which was created in connection with the drainage of the Havelländisches Luchs , flowed into the Havel. With the construction of the wall directly on the Havel, the mouth of the canal was abandoned.
The Havel Canal begins at the local border with Hennigsdorf am Nieder Neuendorfer See and runs from km 0.41 on the Havel to Paretz and back into the Havel at km 34.59. It was created by resolution of the Council of Ministers of the GDR on April 19, 1951, u. a. to bypass shipping on the Havel through West Berlin (Spandau).
At the time of the fall of the Wall , the number of residents in the residential area had fallen to 300 due to its location on the GDR border. Since then, extensive planning measures have opened up new areas, especially a residential area at the marina. The population had risen to almost 4,500 by the end of 2008.
Web links
- Material on Gut Nieder Neuendorf in the Duncker Collection of the Central and State Library Berlin (PDF; 270 kB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Klaus Euhausen: Nieder Neuendorf - On the history of a Brandenburg village , 2020.
- ↑ Berlin Wall Trail: Overview map of the Senate Department for Urban Development Berlin (PDF; 12 MB) ( Memento of the original from April 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
