Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Tomski
Nikolai Tomsky ( Russian Николай Васильевич Томский , actually Nikolai Vasilyevich Grishin * 6. jul. / 19th December 1900 greg. In Ramushevo ; † 22. November 1984 in Moscow ) was a Soviet sculptor .
Life
Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Tomski was born on December 19, 1900 as the son of a blacksmith in Ramuschewo, in the Novgorod governorate . He studied from 1923 to 1927 at the Leningrad Art Academy under Vsevolod Lischew and graduated as a sculptor. The first major recognition - the award of the Stalin Prize in 1941 - he received with the creation of the monument to Sergei Kirov in Leningrad . He also made series of statues of Josef Stalin , busts of heroes of the Soviet Union and at least five large Lenin statues in the Soviet Union, as well as several monuments and monumental reliefs in Moscow and other cities. He was the creator of a Stalin statue, of which bronze casts were installed in various places such as Tashkent , Simferopol , Rostov-on-Don and Ulan Bator , including the Stalin monument in Berlin in 1951 , which was destroyed in 1961. Tomski's red granite monument to Lenin, erected in 1970 in East Berlin for Lenin's centenary , was dismantled in 1992. Tomski's works are classic examples of socialist realism .
Tomski was a member of the USSR Academy of Arts from 1949 and its president from 1968 to 1983. Furthermore, from 1970 to 1984 he was a corresponding member of the Academy of Arts of the GDR in the visual arts section. In 1942 he moved to Moscow and from 1948 taught at the Moscow Surikov Art School , whose rector he was from 1964 to 1970. 1960 to 1968 he headed the sculpture department at the Academy of Arts in Leningrad.
Works (selection)
- 1938: Monument to Sergei Kirov in Leningrad
- Monument to VI Lenin in Voronezh
- 1949: Monument to VI Lenin in Orel
- Monument to Stalin ( Defense of Leningrad )
- 1949: Memorial to Army General Iosif Rodionowitsch Apanasenko in Belgorod ; Stalin Prize 1950
- 1949: Monument bust of the three-time Hero of the Soviet Union in the village of Obrasheevka in Sumy Oblast , Ukrainian SSR
- 1950: Monument to General Ivan Chernyakhovsky in Vilnius; Disassembled in 1991 and relocated to Voronezh , re-inaugurated on May 9, 1993
- 1951 (June 17): Monument bust for the two-time hero of the Soviet Union Musa Garejew in the house of the hero in the village of Ilyakshide Ilischewski Rayon in the Bashkir ASSR; On a public square in 1967 Ufa displaced
- 1951: Monument to Stalin in Berlin ( East ), ( unsigned )
- 1952: Monument to Nikolai Gogol
- 1952: Monument to VI Lenin in Vilnius
- 1952: Monument to VI Lenin in Irkutsk
- 1954: Monument to Mikhail Lomonosov in front of the main building of Moscow State University on the Lenin Mountains
- 1957: Monument to VI Lenin in Murmansk
- 1958: Monument bust of Michail Illarionowitsch Kutusow in front of the "Kutusow hut"
- 1958: Monument on Lenin Square Freedom in Vologda
- 1959: Monument to Admiral Pawel Stepanowitsch Nakhimov in Sevastopol
- 1960: Monument to VI Lenin in Saransk (1960)
- 1964: Monument Lena Golikow in Novgorod
- 1964: Monument to Iwan Danilowitsch Tschernjachowski in Vilnius
- 1966: Monument to VI Lenin in Zheleznovodsk
- 1967: Monument to VI Lenin in Klimovsk
- 1970: Bust of Josef Stalin on the grave in Moscow by the Kremlin wall
- 1970: Lenin Monument in Berlin ; Torn down in 1991, the head in the Museum of the Spandau Citadel
- Bust of Semyon Mikhailovich Budjonny on Budjonny's grave by the Kremlin wall
- 1973: Monument to Mikhail Illarionowitsch Kutuzov in Moscow
- 1975: sculptural and architectural composition on the tomb of the unknown soldier at the Kremlin wall in Moscow
- 1975: Lenin statue for the Saxon city of Riesa. The statue is still preserved today and is in the Soviet cemetery of honor in Riesa.
- 1977: Monument bust for Alexei Kosygin in Moscow's Victory Park in Leningrad
Honors
- Stalin Prize (1947)
- People's Artist of the USSR (1960)
- Hero of Socialist Labor (1970)
- triple holder of the Order of Lenin (1970)
- Order of the October Revolution
- Order of the Red Banner of Labor
- Lenin Prize (1972) - for the granite Lenin monument in Berlin (1970)
- Second degree Stalin Prize : 1941, 1949, 1952
- First degree Stalin Prize: 1948 and 1950
- State Prize of the USSR (1979)
- State Prize of the RSFSR Repin (1975)
- Karl Marx Order of the GDR
literature
- Tomskij, Nikolai Wassiljewitsch . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 6 , supplements H-Z . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1962, p. 450 .
- Deutsche Bauakademie (Ed.): Thirty years of Soviet architecture in the RSFSR . Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1951, DNB 450133036 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Tomski in the catalog of the German National Library
- Saint Petersburg Encyclopedia
- Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Tomski on the page "Sculpture in Berlin"
- Berliner Morgenpost dated July 7, 2009, accessed on July 24, 2011
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tomski, Nikolai Wassiljewitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Томский, Николай Васильевич (Russian spelling); Grišin, Nikolaj Vasil'evic |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian-Soviet sculptor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 19, 1900 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Ramushevo , Novgorod Governorate |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 22, 1984 |
| Place of death | Moscow |