Norbert Goeneutte

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Enfants jouant sur la plage ( Children playing on the beach ), 1881, private collection

Norbert Goeneutte, also Norbert Gœneutte (born July 23, 1854 in Paris , † October 9, 1894 in Auvers-sur-Oise ) was a French painter and graphic artist . The motifs of his paintings are often landscapes and Parisian street scenes, which clearly show the influence of impressionism . His graphic work includes numerous etchings that appeared in contemporary magazines and were also used for book illustration.

Life

Le Boulevard de Clichy par temps de neige ( The Boulevard de Clichy in the Snow ), 1876, Tate Gallery, London
Le Docteur Paul Gachet , 1891, Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Pont de l'Europe, effet de nuit (Pont de l'Europe, night mood) , 1887, private collection

Norbert Goeneutte was born in Paris in 1854. After completing his school education at the Lycée Condorcet , he first worked in the office of a lawyer. In 1871 he began his artistic training at the École des Beaux-Arts , where he studied painting with Isidore Pils . When Henri Lehmann took over his studio after Pils 'death in 1875, Goeneutte moved into his own studio in the artists' quarter of Montmartre .

Goeneutte were regular visitors to the Café de la Nouvelle Athènes and maintained close contact with the artistic circles there. Here he met Pierre-Auguste Renoir , for whom he was a model several times - for example for the painting Bal du moulin de la Galette . Other impressionist painters such as Edgar Degas , Claude Monet and Camille Pissarro were also among his circle of friends. Although these artists exerted a great influence on his painting, he did not exhibit his work in any of the eight group exhibitions of the Impressionists. Like his friend Édouard Manet , Goeneutte preferred to present his pictures to the public in the official Salon de Paris . Here he made his debut in 1876 with the Parisian street scene Le Boulevard de Clichy, par un temps de neige ( The Boulevard de Clichy in the snow ) and from then on participated annually in these exhibitions. Another important friend of Goeneutte was Marcellin Desboutin , who aroused his enthusiasm for woodcuts and etchings. Later Goeneutte was one of the co-founders of the Société des peintres-graveurs français , an association of graphic artists who mainly organized exhibitions of etchings.

Financial support from his brother enabled Goeneutte to travel several times at home and abroad. So he stayed in London in 1880, in Rotterdam in 1887 and in Venice in 1890. Together with the collector Hippolyte Fortin, whom he had portrayed in 1879, he toured Normandy in 1881. Further stays in the French provinces were in Honfleur in 1887 and in the landscapes of the Beauce , Sologne and Bordelais in 1889 . During these trips and stays, numerous works with landscape motifs and cityscapes were created.

In 1891 the doctor and hobby painter Paul Gachet diagnosed Goeneutte with a weak heart. In the same year Goeneutte moved to Gachet's home in Auvers-sur-Oise and created a portrait of the doctor. Together with Gachet, Goeneutte worked on various graphic illustrations. Goeneutte died in 1894 after a lung disease and was buried on the Cimetière d'Auvers-sur-Oise .

plant

At the beginning of his career, Goeneutte oriented himself towards a traditional academic style of painting and counted Flemish painters among his models. In addition to some oriental motifs, he initially preferred genre pieces, interiors and portraits of family members and friends. Later he added landscapes from Normandy, Flanders, the Bordeaux region and the Paris area. In addition to city views of Venice, Antwerp and Rotterdam, the motifs with everyday Parisian scenes are particularly characteristic of his work. In his detailed depictions of life on the streets of Paris, he described both the figures of bourgeois society and of the working class, and he often painted women. While the faces of the people are usually finely worked out, he adopted the Impressionist painting style for the background. Particularly in the atmospheric rendering of the lighting in the painting Pont de l'Europe, effet de nuit , the influence of Claude Monet can be clearly traced, who had also chosen the motif for a number of paintings years earlier. In addition to paintings in oil, Goeneutte also worked in watercolor and pastel techniques and left behind an extensive range of drawings.

The graphic work comprises around 200 etchings, most of which were created using the drypoint technique . Here he often used combinations with aquatint , soft ground etching or mezzotint . These etchings, mostly published by Alfred Cadart and Auguste Delâtre , often show sketchy portraits as well as landscapes and cityscapes. Stylistically, these works are closely related to those of his friends Félix Buhot , Charles Emile Jacque and Henri Guérard . In addition to the etchings, seven lithographs by Goeneutte are also known.

Goeneutte's illustrations have appeared in various Parisian magazines such as L'Illustré Nouveau , Paris à l'eau-forte and La Vie parisienne . In addition, some of his views came in 1890 in the description of the city of Paris; Promenades dans les Vingt Arrondissements by Alexis Martin for publication. In the novel La Terre by Émile Zola , his etchings are used as book illustrations.

Publicly owned paintings (selection)

literature

Web links

Commons : Norbert Gœneutte  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to the Getty Union List of Artist Names , Norbert Goeneutte is the preferred spelling.
personal data
SURNAME Goeneutte, Norbert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Goeneutte, Norbert (full name); Gœneutte, Norbert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French painter and printmaker
DATE OF BIRTH July 23, 1854
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH October 9, 1894
Place of death Auvers-sur-Oise