Marcellin Desboutin

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Marcellin Desboutin:
self-portrait , etching, 1894

Marcellin Gilbert Desboutin (born August 26, 1823 in Cérilly , † February 18, 1902 in Nice ) was a French painter , printmaker and writer . After training as a painter, he lived in Italy for a few years, where he wrote poetry and a play. After his return to France he was a model for various painters and successfully exhibited his own paintings and graphic works at the Salon de Paris . The artist, who was close to the Impressionists , mainly created etchings, including a large number of portraits, which often show authors and painters who were friends with him.

Life

Marcellin Desboutin:
Portrait of Joséphin Péladan , 1891

Marcellin Desboutin was born in Cerilly in Auvergne in 1823 to Barthélémy Desboutin and his wife Anne-Sophie-Dalie, née Farges de Rochefort. While the father came from the middle class, the mother came from an aristocratic family, which also included the writer and politician Henri Rochefort .

Although Desboutin showed a talent for drawing at an early age, after completing his school education at the Collège Stanislas and the Collège Louis-le-Grand, he first studied law, but broke off his studies and took up the profession of artist. From 1845 he attended the Paris École des Beaux-Arts and initially received lessons from the painter Louis-Jules Étex , before moving to the studio of the painter Thomas Couture in 1847 , where he stayed until 1848.

After a major inheritance, Desboutin traveled to Belgium, the Netherlands and England from 1849. He returned to France in the early 1850s and settled in Issoire . During this time he wrote various lyrics that were published in Paris in 1852 as Chansons et chansonnettes . In 1854 he married the widow of his subtenant for the first time.

From 1857 Desboutin lived in Italy, where he bought the Villa dell'Ombrellino in Bellosguardo , a suburb of Florence . Here he wrote poems and dramas, made etchings and engravings and built up an art collection. There is no longer any record of the composition of his art collection, but it is known that he was interested in works of art from the early Italian Renaissance as well as Spanish painting. After the death of his first wife, he married the daughter of an Italian farmer, with whom he had a total of nine children. In Florence, the painter Giuseppe de Nittis was one of his friends.

His literary works include the translation of Don Juan by Lord Byron , which, however, remained unpublished. Inspired by the life of Moritz von Sachsen , he wrote the drama in five acts Maurice de Saxe together with Jules Amigues . The first performance of the piece took place on June 2, 1870 in the Parisian Théâtre-Français . Desboutin speculated in real estate in the 1860s after Florence was declared the capital of Italy . After moving the capital from Florence to Rome, Desbouin lost much of his fortune in the early 1870s.

In August 1872 he returned to Paris and earned a living as a graphic artist for himself and his family. Desboutin frequented the artist pubs Café Guerbois and Café de la Nouvelle Athènes in Montmartre and made friends with painters such as Édouard Manet , Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Edgar Degas . Desboutin met the writer Émile Zola through Manet . Desboutin also modeled Manet's painting The Artist in 1875 . Degas portrayed Desboutin in 1876 together with actress Ellen Andrée in the double portrait The Absinthe . In his own works, he mainly turned to portraiture. The painting Le Joueur de violon (Musée Anne-de-Beaujeu; Moulin) was created in 1874, still clearly under the influence of Gustave Courbet . In the Salon de Paris of 1875 he had success with several drypoint etchings, in which he portrayed his friends Émile Zola, Edmond de Goncourt and Pierre Puvis de Chavannes . Later portraits were created by writers such as Jules Claretie , Alphonse Daudet , Théodore de Banville , Henri Rochefort , Edmond Duranty , Eugène Labiche and Joséphin Péladan , by musicians like Erik Satie or by painters like Jean Jacques Henner , Rodolphe Salis and Norbert Goeneutte .

  • Marcellin Desboutin:
    Portrait Norbert Goeneutte
    1876

  • Marcellin Desboutin:
    Portrait Pierre-Auguste Renoir
    1877

  • Marcellin Desboutin:
    Portrait Henri Rochefort
    1880

  • Marcellin Desboutin:
    Portrait Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot
    around 1892

In 1876 he exhibited at the second group exhibition of the Impressionists, where he showed seven paintings and six etchings. At the Salon de Paris in 1879 he was successful with the etching Mon portrait and received a 3rd class medal. This was followed by an honorable mention in the Salon de Paris in 1883 for the painting Portrait de femme .

In the early 1880s Desboutin first moved to Nice, where he lived and worked for several years. In 1886 he created five drypoint etchings after paintings by Honoré Fragonard , which are among his main graphic works. He returned to Paris in 1887 and exhibited at the Paris World's Fair in 1889 , where he received a silver medal. Desboutin was one of the co-founders of the Société nationale des beaux-arts in 1890 , in whose exhibitions he participated annually from then on. In 1895 he was made a Knight of the Legion of Honor . In 1896 he moved to Nice again and lived there until his death in 1902. One of the last major exhibitions in his lifetime was participation in the 1900 Paris World's Fair , where three of his paintings were on view.

Paintings in public collections (selection)

Publications

  • Marcelin Desboutin: Chansons et chansonnettes. Plon, Paris 1852.
  • Jules Amigues and Marcelin Desboutin: Maurice de Saxe (drama in five acts). Lachaud, Paris 1870.

literature

Web links

Commons : Marcellin Desboutin  - collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Desboutin, Marcellin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Desboutin, Marcellin Gilbert (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French painter, printmaker and writer
DATE OF BIRTH August 26, 1823
PLACE OF BIRTH Cérilly
DATE OF DEATH February 18, 1902
Place of death Nice