Hechtviertel
The Hechtviertel is a three-part residential area in Dresden in the Neustadt district . As a closed built-up area west of the Outer Neustadt as part of the Leipziger Vorstadt, it closes the Dresden suburban belt on its northwestern side. The Hechtviertel consists of the three parts "Oberer Hecht", a settlement area from the 1920s and 1930s with partial block perimeter development, but also row houses , "Unterer Hecht", largely congruent with the redevelopment area Hechtviertel, and "Südlicher Hecht", both of which are densely populated workers' quarters Wilhelminian style block perimeter development and then intensive use of the courtyard by commercial enterprises.
location
The Hechtviertel is located north of Dresden city center and approx. 1.6 km from the Elbe in front of the southern slope of the Hellerterrasse . The Dresdner Heide connects to the northeast . Politically and administratively, it belongs to the Dresden district of Leipziger Vorstadt and thus to the area of the Neustadt district. It has an area of approx. 85 ha and a population (location of the main residence) of 8,026 (as of Dec. 2009). The three parts of the Hechtviertel are bordered by Stauffenbergallee in the north, the Görlitz – Dresden railway line in the east and Hansastraße in the west.
history
Until the 18th century there were only a few small houses and vineyards on the area of today's Hechtviertel. In 1836, the Dresden police director Hans Ludwig von Oppell bought an 82 bushel sand field and in 1841 another 9 bushels. This approximately 23 hectare area between Buchenstrasse, Königsbrücker Strasse and Alaunplatz served as an artillery training area until 1833. The area was called “Auf dem Hecht” because a path led through to Hecht's vineyard in Trachenberge and his inn “Zum Blauen Hecht”. The landowner of this vineyard was a forester and was called August Hecht. His name was initially retained in the inn. He later passed the name on to Hechtstrasse and the district. The inn was at the foot of the ascent of Radeburger Strasse at the intersection with Hechtstrasse. The building had to give way to the expansion of Hansastraße / Radeburger Straße to become a motorway feeder. The street names, which are often based on trees, are striking in the Hechtviertel. They can also be traced back to the forester pike. In 1842 Oppell received a development plan for small houses in open construction. The settlement of the “new cultivation on the von Oppell fields” was slow. There was no lock until 1846 and no pavement and no stone footpaths until 1876. In 1872 the wholesale merchant Johann Meyer donated 100,000 marks for the construction of workers' houses. These were built on the Johann-Meyer-Strasse named after him (house numbers 40–54).
From 1875, the construction of tall apartment buildings in closed construction was permitted in the Hechtviertel, which is now part of the Leipzig suburb, which still characterize the cityscape today. At that time, there were still large nurseries between Königsbrücker Strasse and Hechtstrasse. In 1875 the population in the Oppellvorstadt, as it was popularly known at the time, was 6,793. By the year 1890, this number rose to a population of 13,200 due to the ongoing development. The result was a distinct workers' residential area (residential function) with the highest residential density in Dresden (1910: 672 people per hectare). The reason for the creation of this workers' residential area in this part of the city was the proximity to the industrial plants in the southern part of the Leipzig suburb and the Albertstadt in the north . Both areas emerged in the course of industrialization, supported by the construction of the first German long-distance railway line Leipzig – Dresden 1836–1838 and the construction of the railway line to Görlitz 1844–1846. During the period of industrialization, craft businesses developed into small and medium-sized industrial operations in the backyards of the apartment blocks and on both sides of the railway embankment in the Hechtviertel. Some of these buildings have been preserved to this day and are used by craftsmen and service providers. Others are destined for demolition. Transport Technically, the former Oppellviertel was the one hand by the since 1881 Yellow Horses tram integrated with superstructure connected between the Arsenal (today's industrial site) and the post office place inverted, and also by the electric tram on the Hechtstraße / Buchenstraße 1901-1945, up to the Albertplatz upside .
In 1891 the city donated a church to the residents of the Oppell suburb on Königsbrücker Platz . The St. Pauli Church - a three-aisled hall church made of red brick with approx. 1000 seats and a tower height of 78 meters. The cost was 285,000 marks. In 1917 the 3 church bells ( bell bronze for grenade rings of the First World War) were lost. On July 10, 1921, three new bronze bells were consecrated, which were manufactured by the Pietzel company (industrial site). The church burned down during the bombing raids in 1945 . Only the tower and the outer walls remained. Of the 3 bells, only the small bell was preserved during the Second World War - intended as a signal bell in the event of a siren failure - which now rings regularly. Furthermore, the north-western part of the Hechtviertel (a school and residential buildings) and buildings on Schanzenstrasse were completely destroyed by the bombing raids in 1945. In the 1960s and 1970s, the destroyed areas in the north-western part were built on with prefabricated buildings, a kindergarten and the 30th “Wilhelm Pieck” polytechnic high school . A green area was created from the rubble on Schanzenstrasse. In addition, garage courtyards were built throughout the district, which are still part of the district. Otherwise, the GDR- upper neglected the reconstruction of the only slightly damaged inner city parts, so the Dresden Neustadt and especially the Hechtviertel were completely run-down residential areas until the fall of the Wall. Politically and administratively, the Hechtviertel in the GDR belonged to the northern district of the district capital Dresden.
In 1990 the buildings were in a state of decay. The residents, owners and politicians hardly believed in the majority of the renovation or modernization of the buildings. The renovation of the old building quarters that had been neglected for decades was one of the tasks of urban renewal with the highest political priority. Since 1993 the Hechtviertel has been an urban redevelopment measure with a redevelopment area and a term of urban development funding of 25 years. The redevelopment agency is Stesad GmbH. She was u. a. 1993 bound as a trustworthy redevelopment agency in order to preserve the St. Pauli church ruins. For this purpose, urban development funds amounting to 500,000 DM were used by the federal, state and local authorities. Thus the ruins could be cleared, secured and made usable for events such as theater and art projects, concerts, readings, workshops, film events and festivals. After the ownership structure had been clarified, there was a boom in redevelopment between 1994 and 1997. In October 2002, a new playground and football field was completed on Johann-Meyer-Straße. After the demolition of a warehouse and the clearing of the site, a field made of synthetic material, framed by ball grids and equipped with equipment for five-a-side football, volleyball and basketball, was created on an area of 1,475 square meters. For “non-active” people there are various opportunities to watch, sit and chat. This project cost approx. 200,000 euros and was financed by the state capital Dresden, by the urban development funding program for redevelopment areas of STESAD and by funding from the state of Saxony.
But there are also other property developers who work in the Hechtviertel. For example, at the end of 2001, under the direction of STERN, the extensive renovation of the three building complexes Helgolandstrasse 5-5g / Friedensstrasse 8, Helgolandstrasse 3, Johann-Meyer-Strasse 2-6b / Bischofsplatz 12-16 with a total of 167 residential units was completed. A total of 11.8 million euros in urban development funds were used up to 2002 and 58% of the residential buildings were renovated.
The Hechtviertel has a very even building height due to its high apartment buildings (average number of floors between 3.5 and 4.5) in closed construction. The regular pattern of a planned street layout is recognizable. Occasionally small houses can be found in backyards, which of course exert a charm on the respective backyards, but do not particularly shape the general image of the district. Some of these small houses date from the time when vineyards characterized the image of this area.
Socio-cultural
The quarter has developed noticeably in recent years due to renovation and road construction measures. As already explained in the previous section, many family, child and youth-friendly facilities were created. The infrastructure shows that the Hechtviertel is developing into a popular residential area for families. B. a pediatrician practice, several playgrounds, several kindergartens, a primary school and the proximity to the forest area of the Dresdner Heide are available. This is also reflected in the population. There is a large proportion of single parents and the average age of the population is 32.7 and 35.2 years, respectively.
The TheaterRuine St. Pauli eV has been operating the ruins of the St. Pauli Church in Dresden's Hechtviertel since 1999 as an open-air venue for theater and music and is one of the most important cultural institutions in the district. The association organized z. B. in August 2003 the district festival, for the first time under the motto “Islands in the pike”, in which the population could participate through their own activities. Through various planned construction measures, the ruin is to develop into an event location with a contemplative communicative character and become the urban center and meeting point in Dresden's Hechtviertel. As the most important measure, a glass roof was installed in 2011/2012. This ensures that events are run independently of the weather and acts as a noise protection for the surrounding residential development.
Economy and Transport
The Hechtviertel is an area with a predominantly residential function. The functional area of the work is smaller and limited. Companies in the service sector, such as insurance agencies, lawyers and broker offices, are dominant. Small shops such as office technology, drugstores, animal and vegetable stores, as well as two markets of the Edeka discounter "net" ensure the supply in the Hechtviertel. Furthermore, pubs and cafés can be found predominantly on Hecht- and Rudolf-Leonhard-Straße, which represent the main axes with regard to the economic function. Some would like a better connection to the pub district of the Outer Neustadt, but they see the Königsbrücker Straße as a big border. The image of a family quarter contrasts with this claim, of course. Commercial and craft businesses often renovated the former industrial facilities, for example on Dammweg, in order to use them. Many of the facilities were renewed and the proportion of dilapidated industrial facilities in the Hechtviertel remained relatively low.
Hechtstrasse
Rudolf-Leonhard-Strasse
Tattoo studio "The Colorful Wonder"
Hotels and commercial complex on Buchenstrasse
Building complex on Fritz-Reuter-Strasse at the corner of Helgolandstrasse
The situation is similar in the area of housing. There are a total of 257 buildings with 2,437 apartments in the Hechtviertel redevelopment area. Due to the positive development of the quarter, it has been characterized by a population influx since 1998. The vacancy rate fell between 1998 and 2007 from 40 to 19 percent. In 2001 alone, 600 people moved from other urban areas. Another reason for the influx was the flood in summer 2002 . Many people from the affected districts looked for a new home in the Hechtviertel.
After the renovation of the buildings initially had the highest priority and this has now largely been implemented (more than two thirds of all buildings have been repaired and modernized), attention is now being focused on the upgrading and development of public spaces (streets, paths and squares) and the expansion or new construction of facilities for public needs (e.g. TheaterRuine St. Pauli e.V.).
Tasks are for example:
- the upgrading and creation of green and open spaces in private and public spaces,
- the renovation and upgrading of public and semi-public streets, paths and squares,
- the redesign and redesign of public green spaces and playgrounds,
- the maintenance, expansion or refurbishment of public utility facilities ,
- the improvement of the organization of flowing and stationary traffic, in particular traffic calming and improvement of the parking space situation,
- the clearing of fallow land.
As part of the urban upgrading, most of the streets in the Hechtviertel, namely Buchenstrasse (2000), Rudolf-Leonhardstrasse and Tannenstrasse (2001), Fichtenstrasse and Königsbrücker Platz (2004), Schanzenstrasse (2006) and Erlenstrasse (2009) were renewed and greened as far as possible . In addition, as already mentioned in the sociocultural section, parks and playgrounds were expanded and renewed. The Schanzenstrasse green area to the west of the upper Rudolf-Leonhard-Strasse should be emphasized, which was expanded again in 2002 with large play areas for all age groups and improvements to the park.
In terms of transport, there is a connection to local public transport by tram lines 7, 8 and 13 and bus line 64. For motorized private transport, the proximity to the motorway slip roads (e.g. Radeburger Strasse) is an advantage for this area. By implementing a noise reduction plan, it was possible to achieve a significant reduction in noise pollution in the city district, based on road traffic. Among other things, a 30 km / h zone was set up as a measure .
One of the most important projects in the recent past was the new S-Bahn station " Bischofsplatz " opened in March 2016 on the S1 Schöna - Meißen-Triebischtal line on the modernized and expanded railway line . The S-Bahn station improves the integration of the district into the regional rail system and creates a hitherto missing public transport direct connection to the train station Dresden-Neustadt .
literature
- Matthias Stresow: The pike - neither fish nor train. In: Igeltour Dresden (ed.): Dresden - New tours through history , Sutton 2011, pp. 85-104, ISBN 978-3-86680-782-2
References
- Dresden (= values of our homeland . Volume 42). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1984.
- Andrea Rump: The pike is dead, the pike is dead ... In: Dresdner Blätt'l , December 2, 2003
- Claudia Schade: The pug with fruit. In: Sächsische Zeitung , September 1, 2003, p. 16
- City maps of Dresden , State Surveying Office, 17th edition, 1982, scale 1: 5000
- W. Killisch, I. Rossberg, M. Siedhoff: Urban development in Dresden - review and balance. 1998, In: W. Killisch (ed.): Dresden - Contributions to urban and housing market development. Dresden Geographical Contributions, Volume 2, pp. 5–57
Web links
- Information on the history and important tombs of the Inner Neustädter Friedhof
as an element of the Leipzig suburb that is significant in terms of architectural, personal and local history. - Information about the Leipzig suburb.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sum of the statistical districts 143–146 from: Statistische Mitteilungen. Population and households 2009. Table section. State capital Dresden, 2010. p. 17.
- ^ Dresden - renovation successfully completed , STERN archive ( Memento from July 23, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Dresden's population rose by almost 2000. In: dresden-online.de. September 29, 2003, archived from the original on June 1, 2009 ; accessed on February 5, 2014 .
- ↑ Noise reduction plan until 2005. In: dresden.de. State capital Dresden, accessed on August 23, 2015 .
- ↑ Topic service of the VVO on the S-Bahn stop ( memento from June 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), March 11, 2004 (PDF; 50 kB)
Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ' N , 13 ° 45' E