Oskar Halecki

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Oskar Halecki

Oskar Halecki (born May 26, 1891 in Vienna , † September 17, 1973 in New York ) was one of the leading medieval and modern historians in Poland in the interwar period . He was particularly concerned with the Polish Jagiellonian period and Byzantine history.

The son of a high Austrian officer went to Krakow to study. There he received his doctorate with a thesis on the incorporation of the areas of Podlachia , Volhynia and Kiev by the Lublin Union in 1569 into the Polish crown. Three years later he received his habilitation for a thesis on the Polish-Lithuanian conflict in the 14th century. In 1918/1919 he was an expert on the Polish delegation to the Paris Peace Conference . In 1922 he served as secretary of the Commission internationale de Coopération intellectuelle in Geneva for two years . In 1927 he became Commander of the Papal Order of Knights of St. Gregory the Great . From 1919 to 1939 he was a professor at the University of Warsaw . At the international historians' congress in Warsaw in 1933 , he shaped the first fundamental debate about the self-image of the historical sub-discipline of Eastern European history. In 1940 he had to emigrate to the USA , where he founded the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America (PIASA) in New York in 1942 . It functioned as the center of Polish historiography in exile. From 1944 to 1961, Halecki was Professor of Eastern European History at Fordham University in New York.

In the USA, Halecki developed his regional conception of East Central Europe as a historical structural landscape, which he described in 1952 in his pioneering book Borderlands of Western Civilization. A History of East Central Europe presented to the public.

Fonts (selection)

  • From Florence to Brest (1439–15969. Sacrum Poloniae Millennium, Rome 1958 (In Polish: Od Unii Florenckiej do Unii Brzeskiej (= Biblioteka Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Vol. 4). 2 volumes. Instytut Europy Środkowo- Wschodn 1997. Lubkowo-Wschodn 1997 , ISBN 83-85854-29-0 ).
  • The limits and divisions of European history. Sheed & Ward, London et al. 1950 (In German: Europe. Borders and structure of its history. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1957; in Polish: Historia Europy - jej granice i podziały (= Biblioteka Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. Vol. 1). Instytut Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, Lublin 1994, ISBN 83-85854-01-0 ).
  • Borderlands of western civilization. A history of East Central Europe. Ronald Press Company, New York NY 1952 (2nd edition. Edited by Andrew L. Simon. Simon Publications, Safety Harbor FL 1980, ISBN 0-9665734-8-X , ( online (PDF; 1.23 MB) ); in German Language: Frontier area of ​​the West. A history of East Central Europe. Müller, Salzburg 1956).
  • Eugeniusz Pacelli, Papież pokoju. Wydawnictwo Hosianum, London 1951 (In English: Pacelli. Pope of peace. Farrar, Straus and Young, New York NY 1951; In Spanish: Eugenio Pacelli: el Papa de la paz. Populibros “La Prensa”, Mexico City 1957 ).
  • A history of Poland. Roy, London 1943.
  • Nowe uwagi krytyczne o wyprawie warneńskiej (= Polska Akademia Umiejętności. Rozprawy Wydziału Historyczno-Filozoficznego. Series 2, vol. 45, 5, ZDB -ID 402199-x ). Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności, Krakau 1939 (In English: The crusade of Varna. A discussion of controversial problems (= Polish Institute Series. No. 3, ZDB -ID 1191648-5 ). Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America, New York NY 1943).
  • Idea jagiellońska. In: Kwartalnik Historyczny. Vol. 51, No. 1/2, 1937, ISSN  0023-5903 , pp. 486-510 (In German: Die Jagellonische Idee (= translations of Publikationsstelle 117, ZDB -ID 1290857-5 ). Publikationsstelle, Berlin-Dahlem 1938).
  • History of the Union of Lithuania with Poland (= Poland's border problems. Vol. 3). Perles, Vienna 1919.
  • Poland's eastern border in the light of the history of Eastern Galicia, the Chelmer Land and Podlaskie (= Poland's border problems. Vol. 1). Perles, Vienna 1918, digitized .
  • The nationality problem in old Poland. Central publishing office of the Polish Supreme National Committee, Krakow 1916, digitized .

literature

  • Richard Breyer: An obituary for Oskar Halecki. In: Scientific Service for East Central Europe. Vol. 24, No. 1, 1974, ISSN  0043-6941 , pp. 7-18.
  • Hans-Jürgen Bömelburg : Between imperial history and East Central Europe as a historical region: Oskar Halecki and the Polish “Jagiellonian idea”. In: Frank Hadler, Mathias Mesenhöller (eds.): Past greatness and powerlessness in East Central Europe. Representations of imperial experience in historiography since 1918. = Lost Greatness and Past Oppression in East Central Europe. Representations of the Imperial Experience in Historiography since 1918 (= History and history culture in the 20th century. Vol. 8). Akademische Verlags-Anstalt, Leipzig 2007, ISBN 978-3-931982-52-2 , pp. 99-133.
  • Małgorzata Morawiec: Oskar Halecki. In: Heinz Duchhardt (Hrsg.): Europa-Historiker. A biographical manual. Volume 1. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 3-525-30154-5 , pp. 215-239.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Acta Apostolicae Sedis . Vol. 20, 1928, No. 1, p. 31.
personal data
SURNAME Halecki, Oskar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish historian
DATE OF BIRTH May 26, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH 17th September 1973
Place of death New York City