Oskar Schmieder

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Oskar Schmieder (born January 27, 1891 in Bonn , † February 12, 1980 in Schleswig ) was a German geographer .

Life

Oskar Schmieder devoted himself after completion of high school studying geography at the universities of Bonn , Konigsberg and Heidelberg before moving to Heidelberg with a thesis on the glacial forms of the 1915 de Gredos Sierra at Alfred Hettner doctorate was. As a result, he broke his first privately funded trip to Latin America off to a combat soldier in the First World War to participate, where he met the I. Iron Cross and II. Class and the Oldenburg Friedrich August Cross I. and II. Class Award has been.

This first trip had a strong professional influence on Schmieder. After completing his habilitation in Bonn in 1919, he held his inaugural lecture on a Latin American topic, before taking up a position as professor of mineralogy at the Universidad Nacional de Córdoba in 1920 , which he held until 1925. It was only at the University of Berkeley , where he worked from 1925 as a visiting professor and between 1926 and 1930 as an associate professor with Carl O. Sauer , that he turned back to anthropogeography .

In 1930 Schmieder accepted a call as a full professor at the University of Kiel , where he continued research on Latin America with his assistant Herbert Wilhelmy . From this point on, Schmieder adapted to the anthropocentric currents of the 1930s , which increasingly emphasized the need to make human communities the basis of research, apart from political boundaries. This clearly shows the ideological proximity to the “ National Socialist concept of peoplehood” of room allocation on the basis of a “cross-border national community ”. During this time he dealt with "issues relating to the habitat of European peoples," and he also acted as chairman of the German Society for Geography . In 1940 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . On July 1, 1941, Schmieder was admitted to the NSDAP as a member with number 8,869,053 . In 1942 he was awarded the War Merit Cross 2nd Class . In April 1944 he received a call to the University of Halle . After Schmieder was deported with the " Abderhaldentransport ", he was suspended in his absence from the University of Halle.

In 1946 he returned to Kiel, where he was appointed full professor from 1949 until his retirement in 1956. In addition, he was a visiting professor at the University of Karachi from 1953 to 1955 . Schmieder last held a teaching position at the Universidad de Chile between 1958 and 1959 . Oskar Schmieder saw geography as the real task of geographic work.

Works (selection)

  • The Sierra de Gredos, dissertation , 1915.
  • The Cordillera del Chani, 1922.
  • Regional geography of South America, 1932.
  • Regional Geography of North America: United States and Canada, 1933.
  • Regional geography of Central America, West Indies, Mexico, and Central America, 1934.
  • Die Neue Welt, 2 volumes, 1962–1963.
  • The Old World, 2 volumes, 1965–1969.
  • Memoirs and diary sheets of a geographer, 1972.

Schmieder's writings The Fascist Colonization in North Africa ( Quelle & Meyer , Leipzig 1939) and The Fascist Solution of the Colonial Problem ( Wachholtz , Neumünster 1939) were placed on the list of literature to be segregated in the Soviet occupation zone after the end of the Second World War .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Member entry of Oscar Schmieder at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 23, 2016.
  2. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1946-nslit-s.html
personal data
SURNAME Schmieder, Oskar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geographer
DATE OF BIRTH January 27, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Bonn
DATE OF DEATH February 12, 1980
Place of death Schleswig