Oskar Walleck

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Oskar Walleck (born November 7, 1890 in Brno , Austria-Hungary ; died July 1, 1976 in Coburg ) was a German actor and theater director .

Life

Oskar Walleck studied law. He was a one-year volunteer and soldier in the First World War, in which he was deployed in the Austro-Hungarian Army with the aviators in Trient and retired as Rittmeister of the reserve. Even before the war, from 1910 Walleck was an actor in Essen , Königsberg in Prussia and Vienna . After the war he became senior director in Frankfurt am Main , in Nuremberg and in 1925 at the Dortmund City Theaters . In the seasons 1931/32 and 1932/33 he was director of the Coburg State Theater .

In 1932 Walleck joined the NSDAP (1,638,831) and the SS (74,436). In 1933 he became the director of the Braunschweig State Theater . In May 1934 he was appointed President of the German Stage Association and became a member of the administrative advisory board of the Reich Theater Chamber . In September 1934 he was appointed general manager of the Bavarian State Theaters and from August 1936 at the same time head of the “Supreme Theater Authority in Bavaria” in the State Ministry of the Interior . In 1935 he was appointed to the Presidential Council of the Reich Theater Chamber by Joseph Goebbels . In 1936 he received the title of Reich Culture Senator of the Reich Chamber of Culture . After the Nuremberg Laws were passed in 1935, Walleck opposed the continued employment of actors with Jewish spouses. In the same year he also denounced a theater critic as "Jewish". Walleck organized “Reich German guest performances” in Austria on behalf of Hitler. In September 1938 he was on leave due to the reorganization of the State Theater in Bavaria, and his contract resigned .

After the German occupation of the Czech Republic in March 1939, he became General Director of the German Theater in Prague in September . At the same time, Goebbels gave him nominal responsibility for all German theaters in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia , and in 1941 he also became the honorary state director of the Reich Theater Chamber for the Protectorate. Equipped with a budget from the Propaganda Ministry , Walleck did not need to save and brought well-known and expensive actors from Germany and renowned ensembles such as La Scala in Milan , the Deutsche Schauspielhaus Berlin and the Vienna Opera to the Vltava. In the 1939/40 season he brought 40 works to the stage. Walleck made unauthorized personnel decisions and planned collaborations with Czech theaters, which met resistance from the German protectorate administration. When Walleck failed to establish a permanent German theater, opera or operetta business in Prague, he brought the (bombed out) Duisburg Opera to the Vltava in 1943 . At the beginning of the 1943/44 season, worn down by the squabbles among the National Socialists, he asked the German Minister of State for Bohemia and Moravia, Karl Hermann Frank , not to extend the contract beyond 1944; the resignation was announced at the end of the season. The successor Kinner von Dressler , enthroned by Frank, was enforced against Goebbels' resistance, although Goebbels claimed the privilege of occupation.

Walleck was promoted to SS-Standartenführer on January 30, 1943 , and on November 9, 1944, was assigned to the SS Upper Section "Bohemia and Moravia". He was the bearer of the skull ring of the SS and the sword of honor of the RFSS .

At the end of the war he was interned. Nothing is known about its denazification . Walleck became senior director in Innsbruck and was then director of the Linz State Theater from 1953 to 1956 . The German Stage Yearbook highlighted his “successful career” on his eightieth birthday.

Radio plays

Speaker:

  • 1925: Ludwig Thoma : First class . Volksschwank in one act (2 live broadcasts) (Kaufmann Stüve from Neuruppin) - Director: Hermann Probst (radio play adaptation - WEFAG )
  • 1925: Max Halbe : The current. On the occasion of his 60th birthday (Reinhold Ullrich) - Director: Hermann Probst (radio play adaptation - WEFAG)
  • 1926: Wilhelm Meyer-Förster : Old Heidelberg . Drama (3 live broadcasts) (Lutz, valet) - Director: Hans Bogenhardt (radio play adaptation - WEFAG)
  • 1926: Augustín Moreto : Donna Diana. Comedy in three acts (Don Gaston, Graf von Foix) - Director: Albrecht Schoenhals (radio play adaptation - WEFAG)
  • 1926: Anton Chekhov : A marriage proposal . Joke in one act (Iwan Wassiljitsch Lomow, Chubukov's neighbor) - Director: Hermann Probst (radio play adaptation - WEFAG)
  • 1926: William Shakespeare : Romeo and Juliet. Radio play / radio play adaptation (Tybalt, nephew of the count) - Director: Hermann Probst (WEFAG)
  • 1926: Ludwig Fulda : childhood friends. Comedy in 4 acts (Dr. Bruno Martens) - Director: Hermann Probst (radio play adaptation - WEFAG)
  • 1927: Anton Chekhov: A marriage proposal. Joke in one act (Iwan Wassiljitsch Lomow, Chubukov's neighbor) - Director: Hermann Probst (radio play adaptation - Westdeutsche Rundfunk AG (WERAG) )

Director and speaker:

  • 1926: Ludwig Fulda: childhood friends. Broadcast play in 4 elevators (2 live broadcasts) (Dr. Bruno Martens) (radio play adaptation - WEFAG)

literature

  • Volker Mohn: Nazi cultural policy in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia: concepts, practices, reactions . Essen: Klartext, 2014 ISBN 978-3-8375-1112-3 Zugl .: Düsseldorf, Univ., Diss., 2011
  • Ernst Klee : The cultural lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 642.
  • Joseph Wulf : Theater and Film in the Third Reich: a Documentation . Frankfurt / M. : Ullstein, 1989 ISBN 3-550-07058-6
  • Hansjörg Schneider: A stage changes its face. The Prague German Theater 1938 to 1944 . In: Maske and Kothurn , 2006, Vol. 52 (2), pp. 93–110 ISSN  0025-4606
  • Claudia Küster: Give me some music ...: Shakespeare at the Bavarian State Opera in Munich; Commissioned works and premieres in comparison with their literary originals . Frankfurt am Main: 2005 Zugl .: Munich, Univ., Diss., 2004 ISBN 978-3-631-53211-9 (also deals with the time of Walleck's directorship and his "preferences")

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Ernst Klee: The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 642.
  2. Joseph Wulf: Theater and Film in the Third Reich , 1989, p. 124f.
  3. Volker Mohn: Nazi cultural policy in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia , 2014, p. 396