Osteomeles
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Osteomeles is a genus in the subtribe the maloideae (Pyrinae) within the family of Rosaceae (Rosaceae). The only three to five species are common in eastern Asia and Polynesia .
description
Appearance and leaves
Osteomeles species grow as evergreen or deciduous shrubs . The small buds have several narrow bud scales. The alternate arranged on the branches leaves are stalked short. The leaf blades are pinnate unpaired. At the narrow winged leaf rachis the pinna are leaflet against continuously arranged. The sitting or short-stalked, small leaflets have smooth edges. The stipules are linear to lanceolate.
Inflorescences and flowers
The many flowers stand together in terminal, umbrella- clustered or paniculate inflorescences . The bracts fall off early.
The hermaphrodite, radially symmetrical flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The flower cup (hypanthium) is bell-shaped. There are five sepals . The five petals are white. There are 20 stamens . The five lower carpels each contain only one ovule . The five styluses are free.
Fruits and seeds
As a genus within the Pyrinae, the fruits look like small apples. The small apple fruits contain only one upright seed. The five durable sepals stand upright on the fruit. The embryo has two plano-convex germ layers ( cotyledons ).
Systematics and distribution
The genus Osteomeles was established in 1821 by John Lindley in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London , Volume 13 (1), pp. 96, 98-99, plate 8. Type species is Osteomeles anthyllidifolia (Sm.) Lindl. The generic name Osteomeles is derived from the Greek words ostéon for bone and melon for apple, which refers to the hard endocarp of apple fruits.
The genus Osteomeles belongs to the Untertribus Pyrinae from the tribe Pyreae in the subfamily Spiraeoideae within the family Rosaceae .
The genus Osteomeles includes only three to five species that are common in eastern Asia and, with one species, also in Polynesia .
Osteomeles species and their distribution:
- Osteomeles anthyllidifolia (Sm.) Lindl. : It occurs in Taiwan and the Japanese Ryūkyū Islands and is alsonativeto Hawaii , the Cook Islands , Tonga , Rarotonga , Pitcairn and the Rapa Islands .
- Osteomeles schweriniae C.K. Schneider. : It thrives in bushes, on slopes, fields and roadsides as well as in mixed forests at altitudes between 1000 and 3000 meters in the Chinese provinces of Gansu , Guizhou , Shaanxi , Sichuan , Xizang , Yunnan and Taiwan . There are two varieties.
- Osteomeles subrotunda K.Koch : It occurs only in northern Guangdong (Renhua Xian) and on the Japanese Ryūkyū Islands . There are two varieties.
The former here as Osteomeles obtusifolia (Pers.) Kunth ex Steud. classified South American species belongs today as Hesperomeles obtusifolia (Pers.) Lindl. to the neotropical genus Hesperomeles .
use
Little is known about its use by humans. The fruits of Osteomeles Schwerinae have a diameter of about 8 mm and can be eaten raw or cooked. The fruits of Osteomeles subrotunda can also be eaten.
swell
- Gu Cuizhi & Stephen A. Spongberg: Osteomeles , pp. 117–118 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China , Volume 9 - Pittosporaceae through Connaraceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and Saint Louis, May 1, 2003. ISBN 1-930723-14-8 (Section Description, Distribution and Systematics)
Individual evidence
- ↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
- ↑ Osteomeles at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ a b Entry in Native Plants Hawaii .
- ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Birkhäuser, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7643-2390-6 , 446.
- ↑ a b Osteomeles in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ^ Entry at the National Tropical Botanical Garden , Hawaii and Florida. ( Memento of the original from February 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Osteomeles schwerinae entry in Plants for A Future .
- ↑ Osteomeles subrotunda entry in Plants for A Future .
