Otto von Gruber Mountains
| Otto von Gruber Mountains | ||
|---|---|---|
.jpg) View over the Untersee to the bastion |
||
| Highest peak | Ritscher summit ( 2791 m ) | |
| location | Queen Maud Land , East Antarctica | |
| Part of | Well-being, massive | |
|
||
| Coordinates | 71 ° 22 ′ S , 13 ° 25 ′ E | |
| rock | Anorthosite | |
The Otto von Gruber Mountains are a small mountain range consisting of a main massive and various nunataks in the Antarctic . It forms the north-eastern part of the Wohlthat massif in the central Queen Maud Land .
Discovery and naming
The Otto von Gruber Mountains were discovered by the German Antarctic Expedition in 1938/39 under the direction of Alfred Ritscher and documented with the help of aerial photographs . In the expedition report published in 1942, only the term “ central Wohlthatmassiv ” appears for the mountains . The mountains do not have a name on the 1: 50,000 scale map attached to the report, but all of the main peaks are named on this map. The map was made by geodesist Otto von Gruber (1884–1942), who pioneered photogrammetry at Carl Zeiss in Jena after the First World War, using aerial photographs from the Ritscher expedition. On the Norwegian map Wohlthatmassivet published in 1968, the mountains are named Gruberfjella in honor of Gruber . Confusion with the past also in Queen Maud Land Gruber mountains to avoid that are named after the expedition Erich Gruber (1912-1940), the was Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy in 1986 the name Gruber Mountains introduced.
Geography and geology
The mountain range protrudes from the inland ice for a length of about 40 kilometers in a northeast-southwest direction and up to 18 kilometers in a north-south extension . In the south of the mountain range the inland ice is dammed up to a height of 2000 meters, in the north the ice surface drops to about 800 meters. In the center of the main massif is the Untersee , which is surrounded in a semicircle by five peaks over 2000 meters high. Starting from the east these are clockwise:
- Mentzelberg (2530 m) (after Rudolf Mentzel , the acting President of the DFG )
- Bastei (2460 m)
- Sugar Loaf (2525 m)
- Ritscher summit (2791 m)
- Zimmermannberg (2324 m)
The Layer Mountains (2420 m) and the Ödegaardhögda (2330 m) are set off somewhat to the southwest .
At the northeast end of the mountains is the Obersee , which is about 200 meters higher than the Untersee. To the west and east, the mountains are separated from the nearest mountains by two glaciers of different widths. The Deildebreen , about five kilometers wide, separates the mountains from the Petermann range in the west, while the Mushketow glacier in the east extends to the Nunatak group around the outpost .
Geologic the Gruber Mountains is of a single anorthosite - pluton constructed which covers an extension of at least 900; only the extreme south-west and east of the mountains is built up by gneiss . The pluton intruded into the surrounding gneisses, which are Mesoproterozoic in age, about 600 mya ago . In some places the anorthosite pluton contains storage tunnels made of dark diorite , which can be clearly seen in aerial photographs. The layer mountains got their name because of these flat camp corridors.
literature
- Karsten Brunk: Cartographic work and German naming in Neuschwabenland, Antarctica . (pdf) In: German Geodetic Commission, Series E: History and Development of Geodesy . 24 / I, 1986, pp. 1-42. Retrieved April 19, 2009.
- Norsk Polarinstitutt (ed.): Blad M5 Wohlthatmassivet (topographic map 1: 250,000) . Oslo 1968.
- Hans-Jürgen Paech (Ed.): International GeoMaud Expedition of the BGR to Central Dronning Maud Land in 1995/96 . Volume I: Geological Results . Schweizerbart, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 978-3-510-95923-5 , p. 499 .
- Alfred Ritscher : Scientific and aeronautical results of the German Antarctic Expedition 1938/39 . Koehler & Amelang, Leipzig 1942, p. 1-304 .
Web links
- Mapplanet Gruber Mountains
- Heinz Bennat: Some remarks about the naming of regions in antarctica and the implementation of regional names in a GIS (PDF; 532 kB)
- Work card of the GeoMaud Expedition 1995/96 (PDF; 269 kB)
Individual evidence
- ^ Directory of German geographic names of the Antarctic. ( Memento of the original of July 3, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy
- ↑ J. Jacobs, CM Fanning, F. Henjes-Kunst, M. Olesch, H.-J. Paech: Continuation of the Mozambique Belt into East Antarctica. Grenville-age metamorphism and polyphase Pan-African high-grade events in central Dronning Maud Land . In: Journal of Geology . 106, 1998, pp. 385-406.
