Ozorków
| Ozorków | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Łódź | ||
| Powiat : | Zgierz | ||
| Area : | 15.00 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 58 ′ N , 19 ° 17 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 19,404 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 95-035 to 95-036 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 42 | ||
| License plate : | EZG | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Łódź - Włocławek | ||
| Rail route : | Łódź - Kutno | ||
| Next international airport : | Łódź | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Borough | ||
| Surface: | 15.00 km² | ||
| Residents: | 19,404 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 1294 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 1020021 | ||
| Administration (as of 2013) | |||
| Mayor : | Jacek Socha | ||
| Address: | ul.Wigury 1 95-035 Ozorków |
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| Website : | www.umozorkow.pl | ||
Ozorków [ ɔˈzɔrkuf ] is a city in Poland in the Łódź Voivodeship north of Łódź .
history
The first written mention of the city comes from 1342. In 1520 the name of the place was Ozorkowo. In 1576 the village consisted of an area of 60 acres on which there was a water mill and a tavern. In 1168 the church was built by Nikolaus Szczawinski, castellan of Lenczyca and Brzeziny.
In 1793 the city fell under Prussian rule. To revive the place, the owner Ignacy Starzynski made clothier of Saxony pick and built a textile mill. He made 1,192 acres in neighboring Szczeblew available to the new settlers. The first cloth makers signed a settlement agreement with the city on December 10, 1807. On February 22nd, 1814, the cloth makers' memorial was founded, and by 1927 935 masters had become members. In 1814 a wooden Protestant church was also built.
The upswing soon became apparent, with 1,867 people living in the city in 1815, at a time when the nearby Łódź, later known as “Manchester of Poland”, had just 300 inhabitants. In 1816 the place received city rights . In 1817 the Schlösser family set up spinning mills , first for new wool and from 1834 also for cotton . In 1824 a report by the Voivodship Commission for Dyeing by Christian Wilhelm Werner in Ozorków mentions an annual consumption of 250,000 pounds of indigo . This made the dye works the largest in Poland. In 1828 there were already 5,669 people in the city. After the dissolution of Congress Poland , the development of the place stagnated.
A stone church was built from 1840 to 1842, the cost of which was largely covered by the manufacturer Christian Wilhelm Werner, amounting to 120,000 Polish złoty .
In 1848 Friedrich Schlösser hired his nephew Karl Wilhelm Scheibler as factory director. Schlösser died soon afterwards, but Scheibler remained director of the works, which were now divided by inheritance, until he moved to Łódź in 1854. The departure of Scheibler was accompanied by a stagnation in the development of Ozorków. A retirement home was built in 1896.
Shortly after the First World War , the place was connected to the rail network between Thorn and Łódź . Despite the effects of the war, the Schlösserschen Werke, a public limited company since 1894, employed 2,800 people again in the 1920s. In 1925 the German school was closed and the students were taught in a Polish one.
In 1928 Ozorków received a tram connection to Zgierz and thus also to Łódź.
In 1932 the factory was transferred to the company M. Fogel u. Co. in Łódź, the palace of the Schlösser family was sold to the city of Ozorków in 1938 and became the seat of the city administration.
During the Second World War , the place was occupied by the Germans from 1939 to 1945 and part of the Reichsgau Wartheland . During this time about 40 percent of the population, mostly Jews , were killed. Ozorków was the provisional seat of the district administrator for the Lentschütz district until 1945 . From 1943 to 1945 the city was called "Brunnstadt". In early 1945 Ozorków was captured by the Red Army .
Population development
In 1815 1,867 people lived in Ozorków. 117 of them were self-employed cloth makers, 47 journeymen, a linen weaver, a shearer and a dyer. The population continued to rise and in 1817/1818 294 cloth makers, 162 journeymen, four clippers and 1,176 auxiliary workers were counted. Only a few years later, in 1820/1822, the number of drapers had risen to 365, the number of journeymen to 381. There were also two dyers and 1,460 auxiliary workers. 90 percent of the immigrants came from Netzegau , some came from Silesia , Saxony and the Rhineland . In 1939 about ten percent of the population were of German descent.
religion
The construction of the wooden church in 1814 went hand in hand with the establishment of an unofficial Protestant congregation. An official congregation was approved on June 5, 1826, and the first pastor was Karl Haberfeld.
economy
32 hectares of the city are part of the Łódź Special Economic Zone , which offers tax breaks for investors. The planned site has already been completely covered by investments, creating around 1000 jobs.
sons and daughters of the town
- Zalmen Zylbercweig (1894–1972), Yiddish playwright and chronicler
- Samuel Reshevsky (1911–1992), American chess master of Polish descent
- Witold Sobociński (1929–2018), cameraman
- Gertrud Schmidt (* 1942), German athlete and Olympic participant
literature
- Ozorków , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , pp. 567f.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ^ Website of the city
- A: Otto Heike: Ozorkow, first textile city in Poland: the establishment of immigrant German cloth makers and weavers. Mönchengladbach 1967