P. Caland (ship)
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The P. Caland was a passenger ship put into service in 1874 by the Dutch shipping company Holland-America Line , which was used as a transatlantic liner on the North Atlantic and carried passengers , freight and mail from Rotterdam to New York . The ship, one of the shipping company's first, was sold in 1897 and scrapped in Marseille in 1910 .
The ship
The 2,540 GRT steamship P. Caland was built at the Robert Napier & Sons shipyard in Govan near Glasgow and was launched on May 2, 1874 on the Clyde . The P. Caland and her sister ship , the WA Scholten (2,529 GRT), also built by Robert Napier & Sons , were built for the Dutch shipping company Nederlandsch-Amerikaansche Stoomvaart Maatschappij NV (NASM), better known as Holland-America Line (HAL) . This shipping company was based in Rotterdam , which was also the home port of the ship.
The P. Caland and the WA Scholten , launched in February 1874 , were ordered from Robert Napier & Sons on April 18, 1873. They were the first new acquisitions after the first two ships on the Holland America Line, the Rotterdam (I) (1,705 GRT) and the Maasdam (I) (1,705 GRT) (both 1873). The P. Caland was named after the Dutch engineer Pieter Caland , while the WA Scholten was named after the Dutch industrialist Willem Albert Scholten .
The steamer was 112.16 meters long, 11.58 meters wide and had a maximum draft of 8.68 meters. It was equipped with a single chimney, a single propeller and three masts with the rigging of a schooner . The forged iron hull ended in a clipper stern and was divided into seven watertight compartments, each of which was equipped with two pumps . The two-cylinder compound steam engine could generate 1,800 hp and enabled a cruising speed of eleven knots.
The passenger accommodations were designed for 24 passengers in the first, 18 in the second and 500 in the third class. The crew consisted of 67 people. Up to 557 tons of coal could be stored in the coal bunkers . The daily requirement was 34 tons.
period of service
On July 11, 1874, the P. Caland left Rotterdam on her maiden voyage to New York via Plymouth . From July 14, 1888, Amsterdam was the starting point for their Atlantic crossings. From May 14, 1890, she sailed the route Rotterdam - Boulogne - New York.
On April 15, 1891, the P. Caland collided in the English Channel about ten nautical miles west of the Varne sandbank with the British cargo steamer Glamorgan (2,066 GRT) of the Glamorgan Steamship Company, which was on its way from Antwerp to Cardiff and sank as a result of the collision . Shortly afterwards, on July 15, 1891, the P. Caland was back on the route from Amsterdam to New York. In April 1897 she completed her last trip for the Holland America Line.
In the same year, on July 23, 1897, the ship went to the Austrian Cosulich Line , for which she was in service under the name Ressel . Only two years later, it was sold to French owners and renamed Carmaine . In March 1910, the 36-year-old ship was finally scrapped in Marseille .