Palestine song
The Palestine song is a sound by Walther von der Vogelweide . In a poetic form, it addresses participation in a crusade and depicts the religious significance of the Holy Land from a Christian point of view . It is not known which (actual or only fictitious) crusade it might have been written on. Thirteen stanzas in Middle High German have survived. Certainly not all of them come from Walther, some are later seals. The number of real Walther stanzas is controversial; the seven, which can be ascribed to Walther with certainty, are contained in manuscript A ( Kleine Heidelberger Liederhandschrift ). It is also not known whether or how many of the other stanzas only survived in more recent manuscripts are by Walther. Corresponding stanzas are therefore often marked (as below).
General
The Palestine Song is the only work by Walther that has been handed down completely with a melody. The earliest source for the melody is the Münster fragment , a song manuscript from the first half of the 14th century, about 100 years after Walther's death. It is therefore not certain whether the melody has not already been changed, which is particularly important with regard to the assumption that Walther used an older melody in it (' counterfactor '), or to what extent he could have been inspired by one. Research has repeatedly pointed out melodic similarities with the song Lanqand li jorn by the trobador Jaufré Rudel , but also with the antiphon Ave Regina caelorum , without a clear model for Walther's melody having been confirmed. Lineless neumes in the manuscript of Carmina Burana , which contains the first stanza of the Palestine song (CB 211a), are indefinable. The stanza is there as an appendix to the Latin song Alte clamat Epicurus (CB 211), the melody of which is modeled on that of the Palestine song .
In terms of content, the Palestine Song focuses on religious aspects. It is designed as a role speech by a pilgrim in the Holy Land who faithfully experiences the places of central stations in the life of Jesus Christ ( birth , baptism , passion , burial, resurrection , ascension and second coming ) with his own eyes. Political propaganda can also be seen in the text. Walther von der Vogelweide visualises the Christian claim to the Palestine region by taking part in a crusade to the so-called Holy Land. With the verse unde Jews, Cristen heathen (Jews, Christians and pagans), in which he interprets the entitlement of all three religions in the Holy Land in favor of Christianity (see. Above verse) what is the Palestine policy of Frederick II. Can relate . Whether Walther personally took part in a crusade and had those places in mind cannot be said with certainty.
Text and translation
The manuscript A contains seven stanzas of the Palestine song, other manuscripts up to eleven, but in some cases differently selecting. The different number of stanzas can be explained in different ways. There is agreement that a stanza 3, which has only been handed down in two manuscripts and is very poor in content, cannot be from Walther, but that someone added something to a well-known song. The seven stanzas, which are certainly from Walther, and four others, of which it is sometimes said that they could have come from Walther, follow here; the four not in A, whose poetic quality is not quite on par with the seven A stanzas, in small print.
1. Nû alrêst I live to myself, |
Only now do I live worthy of myself |
alrêst very first, for the first time; sît since, since then, because, because now; gihet Inf. jehen 'to say something about someone, to concede something to someone; stat place, place.
2. Nice lant, rîch unde hêre, |
Beautiful countries, rich and wonderful, |
dûz contraction from dû ez ; even completely, totally, utterly.
4. Here he lets himself be pure, while |
Here he was baptized pure |
pure as pure (ie: although he himself was already pure); own serfs, unfree; You are angry at this: that (the fact that Jesus redeemed humanity) arouses your anger; anger , resentment, anger, indignation, insult.
5. Dô he wanted to have mercy on us, |
When he wanted to have mercy on us, he |
verdrôz , simple past of verdriezen ; alze 'too; übergenôz , incomparable .
6. Towards the sun zer bright, |
From here the son drove to hell, |
des , therefore, therefore, therefore; no branch, ray, stick, arrow shaft
7. Dô he disgraced the tievel dô, |
After he defeated the devil there, |
baz , gut (comparative of wol , the adverb of guot ); huote , hat , here: captivity
8. After what he is in that country |
After that, he stayed in the country for |
tenant , immediately; Erkant , here: originating
9. In diz lant he had spoken |
In this country he announced |
`` frightening '', retaliated , here: doing good
10. Our lantrehære tihten |
(Not) as our regional judges would do, |
vristen (Inf.), delay, postpone, hold off; zestunt , without delay, on time
11. Jews, Christians and |
Christians, Jews and Gentiles |
heathen , meant: Muslims; ger , "desire", please, intention
12. Don't worry if |
Now don't let it annoy you |
to desease , to explain, to reveal (the meaning)
The stanza printed here as the last, which all researchers who believe it to be genuine have to move to the penultimate position, but which is clearly the last in three of the four manuscripts that it survives (in the fourth it is like another der here small stanzas added in the margin) bears the signs of the secondary most clearly and makes the decision easy to deny the whole group 5 8 10 12 Walther. Together with the surely even more recent addition to verse 3 (which has been omitted here) and the tradition of the melody, they show the popularity of the Palestine song. A ms. Represents the last real stanza 11 as the second. This can be explained as an influence of oral tradition when, in general singing, only the first and last verse of a song were sung.
reception
Through reinterpretations such as B. von Ougenweide , Bärengässlin , Eisenfunk , Corvus Corax , Saltatio Mortis , In Extremo , Qntal , Heimatærde , Estampie , van Langen , Michael Völkel , Unto Ashes and performances at many medieval festivals , the song has experienced a renaissance in recent years. Van Langen started the Palestine Song project in 2003. 20 bands are represented on the CD “Palästinalied” (including Corvus Corax , Die Streuner , D'Arcadia and others). This project supports the Hadassah Hospital in Israel. The donations were handed over on May 24, 2008 at the Clingenburg as part of the minstrel contest.
One version of the Hungarian musician and historian Arany Zoltán moves in the area of historical performance practice .
literature
Relevant text output
- Walther von der Vogelweide. Leich, songs, sayings. 15th edition of Karl Lachmann's edition, modified and expanded to include version editions . Reissued on the basis of the 14th edition edited by Christoph Cormeau, provided with indexing aids and text-critical comments by Thomas Bein. Edition of the melodies by Horst Brunner. de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2013, ISBN 978-3-11-017657-5 , e- ISBN 978-3-11-029558-0 , pp. 31–50 ( limited preview in Google book search).
Source for translation and word explanations
- Hermann Reichert : Walther von der Vogelweide for beginners. 3rd, revised edition. facultas.wuv, Vienna 2009, ISBN 978-3-7089-0548-8 .
Research literature
- Christopher R. Clason: Walther von der Vogelweide and the Middle East: “Holy Land” and the Heathen. In: Albrecht Classen (Ed.): East Meets West in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times. de Gruyter, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-11-032878-3 , pp. 389-426, DOI: 10.1515 / 9783110321517.389 (accessed via De Gruyter Online).
- Meinolf Schumacher : The constitution of the "Holy Land" through literature. Walther's “Palestinian Song” and the function of the European crusade poetry . In: Klaus-Michael Bogdal (Hrsg.): Orient discourses in German literature. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2007, ISBN 978-3-89528-555-4 , pp. 11–30 ( digitized version ; PDF; 432 kB).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Wilhelm-Horst Brunner: Walthers von der Vogelweide Palestinian song as a counterfactor . In: Zeitschrift für Deutsches Altertum 92, 1963, pp. 195–211, JSTOR 20655120 .
- ↑ Horst Brunner, Ulrich Müller, Franz Viktor Spechtler (ed.): Walther von der Vogelweide. The entire transmission of the texts and melodies (= Litterae 7). Göppingen 1977, ISBN 3-87452-136-2 , pp. 54 * –56 * and pp. 82 * –84 * ( limited preview in the Google book search).
- ↑ Medieval music - Walther von der Vogelweide: Palestinian Song by Arany Zoltán on YouTube